Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, _82_, is and cultural.
68. A. customers 69. A. ensured 70. A. employment 71. A. resulted from 72. A. coming across 73. A. Actually 74.A. dependence 75.A. negotiate 76.A. imagination 77. A.conveys 78.A.brand 79.A. greedily 80. A. easy 81.A. great
82.A. for instance B. managers B. assured B.customer B. contributed B.making up B.Gradually B. effect B. perform B. inspiration B. creates B. logo B. gently B. busy B. rare
B. to large extent D. clients C.people
D. confessed C.predicted
C. environment D. greeting C. benefited from D. stuck to
C. going beyond D. depending on
D. extremely C.Luckily
D.remark C. advice
D. chat C. quarrel
D. illustration C. patent
D. cultivates C. credits
D. experience C. possession
D. indifferently C. reluctantly
D. energetic C. miserable
D. bitter C. expensive
D. by contrast C. in addition
Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Food and ideas about cooking it have been passing from one part of the world to another since the Stone Age Revolution began in the Middle East. They were part of the spread of civilization, though since people change their tastes in painting and architecture much faster than their tastes in food, knowledge of what was eaten is far less than knowledge of the houses that were lived in or the clothes that were worn. Cookery books were few before the 17th century, and how close are the general eating habits at any period to the cookery books published?
Changes owed more to the movement of people, of animals, of merchants, of rich landowners, than to books. Before canals, railways, good roads, most people ate what could be produced within a thirty-mile area. Ports did better, of course, if they were on a route. For most people food was basically regional food and there was not always enough of it either. Even in good areas, poor country people had little to eat since most of what they produced went for sale at local markets. Only rich men could buy expensive seeds to grow unusual vegetables, or employ gardeners who
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understood how to grow fine fruit unfamiliar to the place they lived in, or afford cooks trained elsewhere to provide variety at mealtimes.
The undoubted advantages of present-day large-scale manufacture and organization—wonderful cleanliness, quick distribution, prices that allow far more people than. ever in the past to satisfy their hunger— have not so far come to us together with an excellent quality of flavor. Moreover, in a world where possibilities are endless, business seems to to limit choice beyond a certain level. Of the 300 varieties of pears that listed by one French 17th-century gardener-even though he had to admit that only 30 of them were really worth eating—only about half a are now produced in Europe.
33. Why do we know so little about the food people ate in the past? A.Eating habits used to change very quickly.
B.There were no cookery books before the 19th century. C.People did not change their tastes in food fast, D.There are very few paintings of food.
84. Changes in eating habits were caused by A.shortages of basic food B.the movement of population C.developments in agriculture D. the recipes of foreign cooks
85. What is the problem with our food today? A. It's too expensive for many people. B. It's manufactured too quickly. C. It doesn't taste as it used to.
D. It's exported in very large quantities.
86. What point is the author making in the example about the pear in the last paragraph?
A.There is not as much variety now as before.
B.There was more variety in the past but quality was not as high. C. Most pears that were produced were not fit to eat. D. There is more variety outside Europe than in Europe.
(B)
Ever had a time in your life where cash hasn't been as plentiful as you'd like and you've needed to tighten the budget? We all have,
According to the World Bank, global food prices, driven in part by higher fuel costs, are 36% above their level a year ago. Food and drink are among our biggest ongoing expenses, which means it's also one of the biggest opportunities for savings.
There are changes of the way you buy and prepare food that can make a big impact on your bank account. Making significant savings on your grocery bill isn't as hard as you might think, and you can still live well. Here is how. COOK FROM THE BEGINNING
In general, the more preparation or processing steps a food hag undergone, the
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higher the price. So it's best to cook things from the very beginning where possible. Even small changa can make a big cost difference. Try buying unwashed whole lettuce or salad leaves and giving them a cleaning yourself, The per-ki10?am price can be as much as ten times more for prepackaged salad leaves. STEWNG MEAT
Supply and demand play a big role in food pricing. Food that isn't fashionable can be excellent value for money. Unfortunately, lamb chops are not as inexpensive as they once were—but there are still plenty of other options. Look for oxtail, chicken wing tip' and feet, or ? other organs such as livers and lungs. A quick internet search will give you a host of ideas on how to prepare unfamiliar ingredients. A good place to start is with slow cooked casseroles or stews, BUY IN BULK
A good rule, based on experience, is that is cheaper\always better value. It does pay to compare the price to make sure you really are saving-a—if you can, check the ''unit pricing\—pates prices by volume and weight. And make sure you'll not end up throwing half of it out than using it by the expiry date.
TAKE A LIST
Planning ahead is great way to economize and reduce the risk of expensive impulse purchases, so make a list of what you need before you head to the supermarket. It's also a good idea not to shop while you are hungry to resist the urge to pick up unnecessary food items, IGNORE THE LIST
Give yourself the flexibility to make the most of the supermarket specials and discounts, and to use different ingredients or change your weekly recipe plans depending on what's on sale or the best value for money on the day. 87. It can be learned from the passage that A. there may be less opportunity for you to save money when food prices are increasing greatly.
B.checking the expiry date is important when buying foods. C.the way we prepare our food affects our expenses.
D.changing your weekly recipe plans will help you stay healthy. 88. \
A. Buy foods in large quantities B. Buy unpackaged goods Only C.Bu y what's on sale D.Buy goods in smaller pack sizes 89. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Prepackaged food is usually of high quality.
B.We had better make a plan in advance about what to buy before going to the supermarket.
C.Preparing unfamiliar ingredients usually costs your money and time.
D.We should ignore the supermarket specials and discounts to avoid being tricked.
(C)
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Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures \that which makes life worthwhile.\and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.
The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept, It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects?
A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded of how countries are performing.
While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent thanes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment
This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of O country's success, the world looks very different,
So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a ?measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes — all things that contribute to a person 's sense of well-being.
The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
90. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he A. praised the UK for its GDP. B. identified GDP with happiness. C. misinterpreted the role of GDP. D. had a low opinion of GDP.
9I. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that A.the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.
B.GDP as the measure of success is Widely disapproved of in the UK. C.the UK will contribute less to the world economy.
D.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP. 92.Which of the following is title about the recent annual study?
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A. It is sponsored by 163 countries. B. It excludes GDP as an indicator. C. Its criteria are questionable. D. Its results are enlightening. 93. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that A. the UK is preparing for an economic boom. B. B. high GDP foreshadows an economic decline. C. it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP. D. it requires caution to handle economic issues.
(D)
In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. put it did so while holding its nose at the ethi?s of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.
The high court' s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell' s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his ''official acts,\\
Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.
The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is \
\approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an \
The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a. kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.\The basic compact underlying representative government,\that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.\
But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.
Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.
The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and
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