[C] the people listening to or watching a performance, speech, television show, etc. 听众；观众 e. g. 1. The audience applauded loudly at the end of the concert.
2. His book reached an even wider audience when it was filmed for television.
他的书拍成电视以后，使读者范围扩大到更广大的观众了。
Usage:
target audience 目标观众 / 听众
turn away
refuse to give one?s sympathy, help, or support to 拒绝给??援助，拒绝支持
e. g. 1. It was shameless of him to turn away the old man who was badly in need of help. 2. Consumers are turning away from credit cards. 消费者正在对信用卡失去兴趣。
and so on
and other things of that kind 等等
e. g. 1. We have to study English, history, architecture and so on.
2. Ethnic minorities living in this country should have the right to their own religion,
traditions and so on and so forth.
居住在这个国家的少数民族应该享有维护自己的宗教，传统等等权利。
regard n.
[U] usu. fml respect; esteem 〖一般正式〗尊敬，敬重
e. g. 1. I hold him in low regard since he?s so mean to his friends. 2. We have a great regard for Mrs. James? judgment. 我们极为尊重詹姆斯夫人的判断。 Usage:
hold sb. in high / low regard 尊重 / 不尊重某人
sufficiently ad.
rather fml in the way that is enough, or as much as is needed for a purpose 〖较正式〗足够地，充足地
e. g. 1. Don?t worry; food is sufficiently provided for you all and free of charge.
2. Politicians have ignored this problem because they do not consider it sufficiently important.
政治家们已经不理会这个问题了，认为这问题不是那么重要。 Antonym: insufficiently
launch vt.
begin (an activity, plan, way of life, etc.) 开办；创办；出版；将??投放市场 e. g. 1. He launched a fierce attack on his political opponents.
2. The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October. 公司希望在明年十月之前将新药投放市场。
throw out
force sb. to leave a place; refuse to accept 解雇；拒绝接受
e. g. 1. The manager threw out the man who had been absent for three consecutive days. 2. The bill was passed in the House but thrown out by the Senate. 该议案在众议院得到通过，但却被参议员否决了。
dull a.
slow in thinking, learning, and understanding 迟钝的；愚蠢的，笨的 e. g. 1. He could manage — he isn?t that dull.
2. If you don?t understand then you?re duller than I thought. 如果你不懂，那么你比我原来认为的还要笨。 Synonym: stupid
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target
n. [(of)] a person or thing that is made the object of unfavorable remarks, jokes, etc. [常与of连用]（批评、开玩笑等的）对象；笑柄
e. g. 1. I?m sure that this plan will be the target of a great deal of criticism. 2. The embassy is an obvious target for terrorist attacks.
很明显，大使馆是恐怖分子的攻击目标。
vt. [usu passive] [(at / on)] aim sth [通常用于被动语态] [常与at / on连用]瞄准某物 e. g. 1. The missiles are targeted at several key military sites.
2. The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
hang on
1. keep hold of sth. 紧紧抓住
e. g. 1. My child hung on to my apron, and would not let go.
2. The rope was dangling over the edge of the roof and I was hanging on with both hands. 绳子在悬崖边摇晃着，我用双手紧紧抓住绳子。 2. wait for a short time 稍等
e. g. Hang on a minute. I?ll be with you in a moment!
for dear life
with the greatest possible effort, especially in order to avoid harm 拼命地，尽最大努力地（尤指为了免受伤害）
e. g. 1. He was swimming for dear life toward the sea shore.
2. She grasped the side of the boat and hung on for dear life. 她抓住船边，尽全力吊在那里。 Usage:
run, swim, pull, shout, argue for dear life 拚命地跑、游、拉、喊、争论
Difficult Sentences for Text A
1. Fame and the publicity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or
her own destruction. (Para. 1)
Q: How can the famous person “participate in his or her own destruction”?
A: When a person becomes famous, he or she will not only attract the public attention, but also work and live in line with the public expectations. It seems that the public rather than you decides your fate. This may put an end to his or her talent.
Q: What else, apart from “fame and the publicity”, can make or force a person participate in his or her own destruction?
A: For example, pride, self-despise, etc.
Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.
A: 声誉以及随之而来的名气迫使名人陷入穷途末路。
2. The artist becomes the slave of his or her own success because of the public demands. (Para. 2)
Q: Can you understand how the artist becomes “the slave” of his own success?
A: In order to meet the needs of the public, the artist is no longer the master of himself or herself. That?s why they have to perform in the same style year after year, no matter how bored they become. In this sense, they become “the slave” of their own success.
3. In some areas it is very obvious that to be famous is to be the target of everyone who
disagrees with you as well as of the media. (Para. 5) Q: Why do famous people become “the target”?
A: Once a person becomes famous, his opponents will pay more attention to him and they will seek every opportunity to challenge or even attack him. At the same time, his everyday life is exposed to the limelight and the media may keep an eye on whatever he is doing. Q: Make up a sentence, using the pattern “the target of… as well as of…”. A: For reference:
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Launching the new policy, the government has become the target of some loyal supporters as well as of the opposition party.
4. Fame turns all the lights on and while it gives power and reputation, it takes the you out of
you: you must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. (Para. 5)
Q: What does the sentence imply? A: For reference:
The author stresses the negative side of being famous. Fame brings you all glamour, but it also exposes everything of you to the public. You have to meet the public expectations and fit in the image the public has created for you. That image may not be what you want to be or what you could have been.
Extended Questions
▇ Extended questions (Paras. 1-2)
Q: Which do you think is more important for an artist, to perform in the same style year after
year to meet public demand, or to create a new artistic style?
3. I think it is a difficult choice for the artist to make. On the one hand, if the artist performs
the same thing year after year in order to meet public demand, he or she will gradually lose artistic creativity. On the other hand, if the artist changes artistic style, he or she will risk losing popularity. Personally, I think being creative should be the primary concern for an artist to further develop his or her performing career.
▇ Extended questions (Para. 3)
Q: What is your attitude towards failure?
4. It seems to me that failure is our life?s companion. No one can avoid failure in his or her
life or work. We should take a positive and optimistic attitude towards failure. Instead of being disappointed, we should try to find out the causes of our failure and draw useful lessons. As the proverb goes, failure is the mother of success. If I fail today, I will try again tomorrow; if I fail again, I will continue trying until I succeed.
▇ Extended questions (Para. 4)
Q: What else do you know about Beethoven?
5. By the age of 27, Beethoven began to go deaf, and he knew within a few years, he would
not be able to hear at all. This almost led him to suicide, but he found that he could still ?hear? the music inside his mind. Thus, he continued composing and writing music. In his later years, he composed his only opera Fidelio (《费黛里奥》), and went on to write quartets (四重奏曲), and the Ninth Symphony and the Missa Solemnis (《庄严弥撒》). While his personal life was troubled and he never married, he became the world?s most renowned composer.
Thomas Edison was a famous inventor with over 1300 electrical inventions, including the
microphone, the record player, and equipment for the cinema. But when Thomas Edison started school, the teacher considered him dull and not teachable. Edison?s mother took him home and Edison started his education at home. Worse still, Thomas Edison began to lose his hearing. Eventually he became totally deaf in his left ear and had only 10% hearing in his right ear. Edison did not consider this a disadvantage but said he was able to concentrate on his experiments since he was not distracted by noises or chatter. One of his favorite sayings was, “Genius is one percent inspiration, and 99 percent perspiration.”
▇ Extended questions (Paras. 5-6)
Q: What is YOUR attitude towards fame and celebrity?
6. It seems to me that seeking fame is a human nature, which is nothing to blame. The
questions to be considered are how to seek fame and how you should behave after you?ve gained it. I think that one should seek fame through one?s hard work and perseverance, and that those who have gained celebrity should make more contributions to society. I
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also believe that fame is a flawed measure of success. While people may be elated by momentary fame, their celebrity is very likely to enslave them.
Section C Voicing Your Views
Some people say, “Fame is like a double-edged sword.” What is your opinion? Work in pairs or groups and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being famous.
Advantages ▇ Answers for reference: Advantages wealth popularity power self-confidence sense of achievement Disadvantages deprivation of privacy deprivation of freedom public pressure arrogance target of attack by/from the media Disadvantages Text B Chasing Fame
Section A KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
Key Words: poll
vt. question (people) in an attempt to find out the general opinion about sth., esp. about a political matter （在民意测验中）对??进行调查
e. g. 1. A majority of those polled were worried about the declining economy.
2. Half the people we polled said they would pay more for environmentally-friendly food. 在我们调查的所有人中，一半人说他们愿意多花钱买“绿色”食品。
n. 1. [C] survey of public opinion by putting questions to a representative selection of people 民意测验
e. g. We?re conducting a poll among voters.
2. [C usu. sing ] voting at an election; counting of votes 【通常作单数】选举投票；计票 e. g. The result of the poll has now been declared. 选举结果已经公布。
rank vi. have or regard as having a certain rank or relative position （被认为）具有??等级（地位）
e. g. 1. Heart disease has long ranked the number one cause of death globally. 2. She is currently the highest ranked player in the world. Usage:
rank as / among... 位列??
rank with / alongside... 与??同等重要 rank high / low 排名高 / 低
rank in order of difficulty / size 按照难度 / 大小等排列 rank second / third 位列第二 / 第三 top-ranked players 高排位选手
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predict vt. see or describe (a future happening) in advance, as a result of knowledge, experience, thought, etc. 预言，预告，预见
e. g. 1. He predicted that war would break out in the next few years. 2. Sales were five percent lower than predicted.
temptation n. sth. very attractive, a thing or situation that tempts one 很有诱惑力的东西；吸引人的场面
e. g. 1. Will they be able to resist the temptation to buy a new car?
2. I finally gave in to the temptation and had a cigarette.
transform vt. [(into)] change completely in form, appearance, or nature [常与into连用]改变，使转化，使改观
e. g. 1. A little paint will soon transform this old car.
2. Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly transform herself into a radiant star.
只要有相机对准玛丽莲，她即刻使自己变为光彩熠熠的明星。
Noun:
transformation
fantasize vi. [(about)] form strange or wonderful ideas in the mind [常与about连用]想象，幻想
e. g. 1. He liked to fantasize about winning a gold medal in the national games.
2. There?s nothing wrong with fantasizing, as long as you don?t lose touch with reality.
幻想并无害，只要你不要脱离现实。 temporarily ad. in a way that lasts only for a limited time 暂时地，临时地，短时间地 e. g. 1. The peace agreement has at least temporarily halted the civil war. 2. Due to a small fire, the office will be closed temporarily.
earnest a. determined and serious, esp. too serious 郑重其事的，非常认真的
e. g. 1. Despite their earnest efforts, they still failed to win the support from their opponent party.
2. When I looked over, he was in earnest conversation with his father.
cover vt. report the details of (an event) for a newspaper, TV station, etc. 报道
e. g. 1. Over a hundred newspaper reporters from all over the country gathered at the town to cover the trial.
2. The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.
image n. the general opinion about a person, organization, etc., that has been formed or intentionally created in people?s minds （人、社团等在人们心目中的）形象，印象 e. g. 1. Because of his good public image he has successfully remained in office. 2. The advertisements are intended to improve the company?s image. acknowledge vt.
1. accept or admit (as); recognize the fact or existence (of) 承认；供认 e. g. 1. He acknowledged having been defeated in the election. 2. Stephen acknowledged Henry as his heir.
斯蒂芬接受亨利为自己的继承人。
2. report that one has received (sth.) 告知已收到（某物）
e. g. I would be grateful if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter. 3. express thanks for (sth.) 为（某事物）表示感谢
e. g. His services to the country were never officially acknowledged.
他对国家所作的贡献从未受到过正式的表彰。
4. show that one has noticed or recognized (sb.) by a smile, nod of the head, greeting, etc. 以微笑、点头、 打招呼等表示注意到或认出（某人）
e. g. I was standing right next to her, but she didn?t even acknowledge me / my presence.
我就站在她旁边, 可是她连个招呼都不跟我打。
intrinsic a. [(to)] being part of the nature or character of sb. or sth.; inherent [常与to连用]固有的；本质的；内在的
e. g. 1. The face value of the coin is a pound, but its intrinsic value is just a few pence.
2. Diamonds have little intrinsic value and their price depends almost entirely on their
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