2014届高三英语二轮精品卷 专题8 定语从句（大题特训3） Ⅰ.完形填空
It was the end of my first day as waitress in a busy New York restaurant.My cap had gone away，and my feet were __1__.The loaded plates I carried __2__ to be heavier and heavier.Tired and discouraged，I wasn’t able to do anything __3__.As I made out a check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream __4__ a dozen times，I was ready to stop.Then the father __5__ at me as he handed me my tip.“Well done，”he said，“you’ve __6__ us really well.” Suddenly my tiredness __7__.I smiled back，and later，when the __8__ asked me how I’d like my first day，I said，“Fun！” Those few words of praise had __9__ everything.Praise is like __10__ to the human spirit；we cannot grow without it.And __11__，while most of us are only too __12__ to apply to others the cold wind of criticism，we are __13__ to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.Why—when one word of praise can bring such __14__？
It is strange how chary(吝啬的) we are about praising.Perhaps it’s __15__ few of us know how to accept it.It’s __16__ rewarding to give praise in areas in which __17__ generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned.An artist gets admired for a glorious picture，a cook for a __18__ meal.But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are __19__ just right？In fact，to give praise __20__ the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s effort. 1．A.small
答案 B
解析 经过在饭店一天的辛苦劳动，作者的帽子掉了，脚也酸痛(painful)。 2．A.remained
C．seemed 答案 C
解析 由前两句和后一句可知，作者已经很累了。不是盛满菜的盘子越来越重，而是作者感觉它们越来越重。seem好像，似乎，符合语境。 3．A.happy
答案 D
解析 作者由于劳累，事情都做不好了。 4．A.order
答案 A
解析 由句意可知，孩子们不断地更换想点的冰激凌的品种。 5．A.stared
答案 B
解析 根据下文“I smiled back...”可知，他应该是朝作者微笑。stare at凝视；call at拜访；nod at朝??点头。 6．A.talked about
B．looked after D．thought of
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B．painful D．white
C．tough
B．looked D．turned
B．special D．right
C．strange
B．price D．shape
C．colour
B．smiled D．nodded
C．called
C．depended on
答案 B
解析 他们是顾客，而作者是服务生，二者是照顾(looked after)与被照顾的关系。 7．A.increased
答案 C
解析 因为受到了赞扬，作者的疲劳感消失了(disappeared)。 8．A.children
C．father 答案 B
解析 根据语境可知，应是经理(manager)问起作者第一天上班的感受。 9．A.made
答案 B
解析 赞扬的话让作者的疲劳感消失，可知这些话改变了(changed)一切。 10．A.heat
答案 D
解析 根据下文的“...give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.”可知，赞扬就像阳光一样温暖着我们的心。 11．A.then
C．now 答案 D
解析 根据空格后面的句意“我们大多数人都总是批评别人而不是赞扬”可知，此处与前句构成转折关系。 12．A.ready
答案 A
解析 然而我们大多数人总是爱批评别人。be ready to do sth有“情愿/急于做某事”之意，符合语境。 13．A.unable
答案 B
解析 根据下一段的首句“It is strange how chary(吝啬的) we are about praising.”可知，我们总是不愿意给我们的伙伴赞美之辞。 14．A.attention
C．pleasure 答案 C
解析 根据上文可知，一句赞美的话可以带给别人很大的快乐(pleasure)。 15．A.because
C．whether 答案 A
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B．continued D．developed
C．disappeared
B．manager D．friends
B．changed D．improved
C．found
B．shadow D．sunlight
C．snowstorm
B．thus D．yet
B．doubtful D．disappointed
C．satisfied
B．unwilling D．anxious
C．bored
B．choice D．advance
B．when D．that
解析 此句用perhaps引出“It is strange...about praising.”的原因，“few of us know how to accept it”是作者揣摩这种现象的原因。 16．A.finally
答案 B
解析 根据下文可知，在一些努力通常不被注意和提及的领域给予赞扬尤其有意义。especially尤其；finally最后；probably很可能地；fortunately幸运地。 17．A.effort
C．deed 答案 A
解析 根据上面叙述的作者的打工经历可知，这里指的是劳动或者努力(effort)。 18．A.daily
答案 C
解析 与上句的a glorious picture相对应。perfect完美的，符合语境。 19．A.done
答案 A
解析 洗衣店把衣服洗干净。 20．A.takes
C．offers 答案 D
解析 由句意可知，赞扬别人并不需要称赞者花费(costs)什么，除了片刻的思考和努力。 Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska，Canada and Siberia warm the climate，scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientists predict that with climate warming，fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming，while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by other scientists had suggested that fires in northern regions sped up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants were released into the atmosphere and thus trapped heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire，large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone (臭氧) levels increased，and ashes from the fire fell on far-off sea ice，darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring，however，the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire，because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space，leading to cooling.
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B．especially D．fortunately
C．probably
B．effect D．feeling
B．light D．main
C．perfect
B．sold D．given
C．chosen
B．leaves D．costs
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，” scientists said.They tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire，and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature.Typically，fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years.Scientists，however，found that when fire occurs more frequently，more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results.Specifically，they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted,0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases，but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1．According to the new findings，taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may________.
A．result in a warming climate B．cause more forest fires C．lead to a longer fire season D．protect the forests there 答案 A
解析 细节理解题。文章第二段第一句说，为了限制温室气体的排放而采取措施预防北方森林大火，反而会导致北方地区气候变暖。因此A项正确。B项和C项都是由气候变暖引起的；D项在文中并未说明。
2．The following are the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT________.
A．large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere B．the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase C．snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space D．ashes from the fire fall on the ice and darken the surface 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由文章第四段前两句可知，火灾发生后，大量的温室气体进入大气层，臭氧增多，灰烬落到远方的冰山上，把冰面弄黑。这都是发生火灾后会立即出现的情况。由第四段最后两句可知，地面上的雪折射更多的太阳光返回大气层，在第二年的春天才会发生，故选C项。 3．Earlier studies about northern forest fires________.
A．had analyzed all aspects of how northern fires influenced climate B．had indicated that forest fires would pollute the atmosphere
C．had suggested that people should take measures to protect environment D．had suggested that the fires would speed up climate warming 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句可知D项正确。
4．We can infer that forest fires in Alaska，Canada and Siberia may________.
A．warm the climate as the supposition goes
B．cool the climate by reflecting more sunlight into atmosphere C．make more space for the growth of young trees D．help to gain more energy rather than release more energy 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由文章第一段和第四段的具体分析可知，北方的森林大火能使地面上的雪向大气
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折射回更多的阳光，以此达到降低气温的效果。
B
Janice Fialka showed a new documentary (纪录片) about her cognitively (认知地) disabled son at schools and seminars across the country.Everyone seemed to enjoy it，but one comment from a teacher proved her family’s investment to Fialka was a success.
“In Baltimore an early childhood teacher came up and said，‘I have to apologize to the family of a 4-year old with Down Syndrome (先天愚型)，’”Fialka said.“She said，‘I told them to be more realistic about their dreams for him.Now I have to tell them I’m sorry.’”
The story of Micah Fialka-Feldman，a 22-year-old Oakland University student，is meant to show parents，educators and the disabled anything is possible.
Fialka-Feldman wrote in an essay titled “I wanted to go to college and my dream came true”．A lot of people didn’t think he could go to college，but because family and friends believed in him he learned how to take public transportation to campus and found teachers who helped him pick the best classes.
The title of the film Through the Same Door came from a day when Fialka-Feldman，who was enrolled in a first grade special education program，told his parents he wanted to walk through the same door as the rest of the kids at his school.It led him to becoming the first student with cognitive disabilities in mainstream classrooms in Berkley.
Though he can’t read or write on his own，Fialka-Feldman reached amazing heights with the help of voice recognition computer software，tutors，and the embrace (接受) of his community.
At Berkley High School，Fialka-Feldman won the Social Studies Department Award for civic (公民的) involvement.In 2004 he received the Michigan “Yes，I Can” award for self-advocacy (自强)．
He finished high school in 2003 with a certificate of attendance，took a 10-day trip through Israel with friends last year，and enrolled at Oakland University through the Transitions Program，which is geared (使适合于) to help the disabled go from high school to college.
Fialka said he’s the happiest kid in the world.Everyone should be so happy. 5．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Disabled Man Living His Dream B．Nothing Is Impossible
C．Don’t Look Down Upon the Disabled D．Through the Same Door 答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。文章介绍“智障”青年Fialka-Feldman自强不息，实现自己的大学梦的故事，因此A项恰如其分地反映了文章的主题。
6．What the early childhood teacher said suggests that________.
A．disabled people should be realistic about their dreams
B．she used to believe we should not expect much from disabled people C．she hadn’t given the 4-year old with Down Syndrome enough attention D．the documentary about Fialka-Feldman encouraged the disabled 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。这位老师告诉“智障”儿童的父母要实事求是地对待孩子的梦想，不要对他期望
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太高。但看了纪录片以后，她认识到自己错了，这说明她原来认为不应该对“智障”儿童抱太大期望。 7．Which of the following is NOT true about Fialka-Feldman?
A．He was the first cognitively disabled student in mainstream classrooms in Berkley. B．He went to school by public transportation and was helped to pick up classes. C．He benefited from computer software and other people.
D．He received the “Yes，I Can” award for civic involvement and self-advocacy. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段内容可知，D项与文章信息不符，civic involvement是他获得另一个奖项的原因。
8．Which of the following shows the correct order of events of Fialka-Feldman?
a．He received the Michigan “Yes，I Can” award. b．His documentary was shown and welcomed.
c．He was enrolled in a first grade special education program. d．He finished high school with a certificate of attendance.
e．He enrolled at Oakland University through the Transitions Program. A．a-c-d-e-b C．c-d-e-a-b 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章的叙述可知，Fialka-Feldman上一年级应该排在第一个，纪录片上映应该排在最后。故C项正确。
B．b-a-c-d-e D．c-d-b-e-a
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