发动机曲柄连杆机构的设计
摘要
以桑塔纳2000AJR型发动机为例，基于相关参数对发动机曲柄连杆机构主要零部件进行结构设计计算，同时进行强度、刚度等方面的校核，并进行相关运动学分析和机构运动仿真分析，以达到良好的生产经济效益。
目前国内外对发动机曲柄连杆机构的动力学分析的方法很多，而且已经完善和成熟，但仍缺乏一种基于良好生产效益、经济效益上的综合性分析，本次设计在清晰、全面剖析的基础上，有机地将各研究模块联系起来，达到既简便又清晰的设计目的，力求为发动机曲柄连杆机构的设计提供一种综合全面的思路。
分析研究的主要模块分为以下三个部分：第一，对发动机曲柄连杆机构进行运动学和动力学分析，着重分析活塞的位移、速度、加速度以及工质的作用力和机构的惯性力；第二，进行曲柄连杆机构活塞组、连杆组以及曲轴的结构设计，并对其强度和刚度进行校核；第三，应用Pro∕Engineer 建立曲柄连杆机构主要零部件的几何模型，并利用Pro/Mechanism进行机构仿真。
关键词：发动机；曲柄连杆机构；受力分析；运动学分析；机构仿真
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ABSTRACT
In Santana 2000AJR engine, for example, based on the relevant parameters of the engine crank main components for structural design calculations, at the same strength, stiffness and other aspects of the check, and associated institutions kinematic analysis and motion simulation analysis, in order to achieve good production cost.
At home and abroad on the engine crank dynamics analysis in many ways, and has been perfect and mature, but still lacks a well-based production and economic benefits on a comprehensive analysis of this design in a clear and comprehensive analysis of the based on organically linked to each research module, to achieve both simple and clear design purpose, and strive to provide the engine crank linkage is designed to provide a holistic and comprehensive way of thinking.
Analysis of the main module is divided into the following three parts: first, the engine crank kinematic and dynamic analysis, focusing on analysis of piston displacement, velocity, acceleration, as well as the working fluid inertia forces and institutions; Second, the group performed crank piston, connecting rod and crankshaft design group, and its strength and rigidity to be checked; Third, the application of Pro / Engineer to establish the main components crank geometric model and the use of Pro / Mechanism institutional emulation.
Keywords: engine; crank linkage; stress analysis; kinematic analysis; mechanism simulation;
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目录
摘要 ................................................. I ABSTRACT ........................................... III 1绪论 ............................................... 1
1.1 国内外发展现状 ......................................... 1
1.2 研究的目的及意义 ........................................ 2 1.3研究的主要内容 ........................................... 3
2 总体方案的设计 ..................................... 4
2.1原始参数的选定 ........................................... 4 2.2原理性方案设计 ........................................... 5 2.3 结构性方案设计 .......................................... 6 2.4 设计方案的确定 .......................................... 6
3 曲柄连杆机构受力分析 ............................... 8
3.1曲柄连杆机构运动学 ....................................... 8 3.2 曲柄连杆机构中的作用力 ................................. 10
4 活塞、连杆组的设计 ................................ 18
4.1 活塞的设计 ............................................. 18 4.2 活塞销的设计 ........................................... 27 4.3 活塞销座 ............................................... 28 4.4 活塞环设计及计算 ....................................... 29 4.5 连杆的设计 ............................................. 31 4.6 连杆螺栓的设计 ......................................... 39
5 曲轴的设计 ........................................ 41
5.1 曲轴的结构型式和材料的选择 ............................. 41 5.2 曲轴的主要尺寸的确定和结构细节设计 ..................... 42 5.3 曲轴的疲劳强度校核 ..................................... 45
6 曲柄连杆机构的创建 ................................ 52
6.1 活塞的创建 ............................................. 52 6.2 连杆的创建 ............................................. 54
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6.3 曲轴的创建 ............................................. 57 6.4 曲柄连杆机构其它零件的创建 ............................. 59
7 曲柄连杆机构运动分析 .............................. 61
7.1 活塞及连杆的装配 ....................................... 61 7.2 定义曲轴连杆的连接 ..................................... 64 7.3 定义伺服电动机 ......................................... 65 7.4 建立运动分析 ........................................... 66 7.5 进行干涉检验与视频制作 ................................. 66 7.6 获取分析结果 ........................................... 68 7.7 对结果的分析 ........................................... 70
经济可行性分析 ...................................... 70 总结 ................................................ 71 参考文献 ............................................ 73 致谢 ................................................ 74 附录 ................................................ 75
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