strategy, strengthen laws and regulations to safeguard the people's interests, and carry out administration in accordance with the law. We must make decisions scientifically and democratically; establish a sound operational mechanism for decision making, enforcement and oversight to check each other and function in concert; and ensure that power is exercised properly. We must make institutional changes to end the excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power, and resolutely prevent and punish corruption. We must safeguard the people's democratic rights and legitimate rights and interests, and safeguard social fairness and justice. 总之，经过未来五年努力，实现“十二五”规划的各项目标，我国的综合国力就会有更大的提升，人民生活就会有更大的改善，国家面貌就会发生更大的变化。
In short, by achieving all the targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan through hard work in the coming five years, China's overall strength will further increase, people will live better lives, and our country will undergo more profound changes. 三、2011年的工作 Ⅲ. Work for 2011
2011年，是“十二五”开局之年，做好今年的工作对于完成“十二五”各项目标任务至关重要。过去一年，我们的各项工作取得了很大成绩。国内生产总值增长10.3%，居民消费价格涨幅控制在3.3%，城镇新增就业1168万人，国际收支状况有所改善。这为做好今年的工作打下了良好基础。
The year 2011 is the first year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and it is pivotal for us to do a good job this year in order to accomplish all the tasks and objectives set forth in the plan. Last year, we achieved significant results in all our work. GDP rose by 10.3%; the increase in the CPI was held in check at 3.3%; 11.68 million new urban jobs were created; and the balance of payments situation improved. All ofthis laid a good foundation for our work this year.
今年，我国发展面临的形势仍然极其复杂。世界经济将继续缓慢复苏，但复苏的基础不牢。发达经济体经济增长乏力，失业率居高难下，一些国家主权债务危机隐患仍未消除，主要发达经济体进一步推行宽松货币政策，全球流动性大量增加，国际大宗商品价格和主要货币汇率加剧波动，新兴市场资产泡沫和通胀压力加大，保护主义继续升温。国际市场竞争更加激烈，不稳定不确定因素仍然较多。我国经济运行中一些长期问题和短期问题相互交织，体制性矛盾和结构性问题叠加在一起，加大了宏观调控难度。我们要准确判断形势，保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，做好应对风险的准备。
This year, our country still faces an extremely complex situation for development. The world economy will continue to recover slowly, but the foundation for recovery is not solid. Economic growth in developed economies is weak, their unemployment rates are and will remain high, and some countries are still under the threat of their sovereign debt crises. Major developed economies have further eased monetary policies, global liquidity has increased greatly, the prices of major commodities and the exchange rates of major currencies have become more volatile in the international market, asset bubbles and inflationary pressure have grown in emerging markets, protectionism continues to heat up, competition in the international market is becoming mote intense, and there are still many unstable and uncertain factors. Some long-term and short-term problems in Our country's economic activities are intertwined, and institutional incongruities and structural problems are stacked up together, making Our macro-control more difficult. We need to correctly? judge the situation, keep our heads clear, be more mindful of potential dangers, and be prepared to respond to risks.
今年国民经济和社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长8%左右；经济结构进一步
优化；居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4%左右；城镇新增就业900万人以上，城镇登记失业率控制在4.6%以内；国际收支状况继续改善。总的考虑是，为转变经济发展方式创造良好环境，引导各方面把工作着力点放在加快经济结构调整、提高发展质量和效益上，放在增加就业、改善民生、促进社会和谐上。
The major targets for this year's national economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by around 8%, further optimize the economic structure, keep the cpr increase around 4%, create more than nine million new urban jobs, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at 4.6% or lower, and continue to improve the balance of payments situation. Our main purpose is to create a good environment for transforming the pattern of economic development, and to guide all sectors to focus their work on accelerating economic restructuring and raising the quality and results of development as well as on increasing employment, improving the people's wellbeing and promoting social harmony.
实现上述目标，要保持宏观经济政策的连续性、稳定性，提高针对性、灵活性、有效性，处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构、管理通胀预期的关系，更加注重稳定物价总水平，防止经济出现大的波动。
To achieve the above targets, we need to maintain continuity and stability in ourmacroeconomic policies; make them more targeted, flexible and effective; correctly strike a balance between maintaining steady yet rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations; pay more attention to maintaining overall price stability; and prevent large economic fluctuations.
继续实施积极的财政政策。保持适当的财政赤字和国债规模。今年拟安排财政赤字9000亿元，其中中央财政赤字7000亿元，继续代地方发债2000亿元并纳入地方预算，赤字规模比上年预算减少1500亿元，赤字率下降到2%左右。要着力优化财政支出结构，增加“三农”、欠发达地区、民生、社会事业、结构调整、科技创新等重点支出；压缩一般性支出，严格控制党政机关办公楼等楼堂馆所建设，出国（境）经费、车辆购置及运行费、公务接待费等支出原则上零增长，切实降低行政成本。继续实行结构性减税。依法加强税收征管。对地方政府性债务进行全面审计，实施全口径监管，研究建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制。 We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy. We will keep thedeficit and government bonds at appropriate levels. This year, we are projectinga deficit of 900 billion yuan, which consists of a 700 billion yuan central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets. This deficit is 150 billion yuan less than budgeted last year, and the deficit will decrease to around 2% of GDP. We need to focus on optimizing the structure of expenditures. We need to increase expenditures in key areas, such as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers; underdeveloped areas; the people's wellbeing; social programs; restructuring; and scientific and technological innovation. We need to decrease ordinary expenditures; strictly control expenditures of Party and government bodies on office buildings and other facilities; keep the budgets for travel abroad, the purchase and operating costs of motor vehicles, and official entertainment at their present level in principle without any increase; and genuinely decrease administrative costs. We will continue to implement structural tax reductions.We will strengthen tax collection and administration in accordance with the law. We will comprehensively audit local government debt, carry out complete oversight .and control, and establish a standardized financing mechanism for local governments to borrow money.
实施稳健的货币政策。保持合理的社会融资规模，广义货币增长目标为16%。健全宏观审慎政策框架，综合运用价格和数量工具，提高货币政策有效性。提高直接融资比重，发挥好
股票、债券、产业基金等融资工具的作用，更好地满足多样化投融资需求。着力优化信贷结构，引导商业银行加大重点领域和薄弱环节的信贷支持，严格控制对“两高”行业和产能过剩行业贷款。进一步完善人民币汇率形成机制。密切监控跨境资本流动，防范“热钱”流入。加强储备资产的投资和风险管理，提高投资收益。
We will implement a prudent monetary policy. We will keep financing from all sources at an appropriate level, and we have set a target of a 16% increase in the broad money supply (M2). We will improve our policy framework for comprehensively exercising caution and utilize the tools of prices and quantity in an integrated manner to make our monetary policy more effective. We will increase the proportion of direct financing, and make full use of financing tools such as stocks, bonds and private equities to better satisfy the diverse demands for investment and financing. We will strive to optimize the credit structure, guide commercial banks to in crease credit support to key areas and weak links, and strictly control loans to industries that consume large quantities of energy and resources, are highly polluting or have excess capacity. We will further improve the. mechanism for setting RMB exchange rates. We will closely monitor and control cross-border capital flows and prevent the influx of hot money. We will strengthen investment management and risk management over our foreign exchange reserves and increase the returns on our investments. 今年，重点要做好以下几方面工作。
This year, our focus is on doing the following work well. （一）保持物价总水平基本稳定
1. Keeping overall price levels basically stable
当前，物价上涨较快，通胀预期增强，这个问题涉及民生、关系全局、影响稳定。要把稳定物价总水平作为宏观调控的首要任务，充分发挥我国主要工业品总体供大于求、粮食库存充裕、外汇储备较多等有利条件，努力消除输入性、结构性通胀因素的不利影响，消化要素成本上涨压力，正确引导市场预期，坚决抑制价格上涨势头。要以经济和法律手段为主，辅之以必要的行政手段，全面加强价格调控和监管。一是有效管理市场流动性，控制物价过快上涨的货币条件。把握好政府管理商品和服务价格的调整时机、节奏和力度。二是大力发展生产，保障主要农产品、基本生活必需品、重要生产资料的生产和供应。落实“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制。三是加强农产品流通体系建设，积极开展“农超对接”，畅通鲜活农产品运输“绿色通道”。完善重要商品储备制度和主要农产品临时收储制度，把握好国家储备吞吐调控时机，搞好进出口调节，增强市场调控能力。四是加强价格监管，维护市场秩序。特别要强化价格执法，严肃查处恶意炒作、串通涨价、哄抬价格等不法行为。五是完善补贴制度，建立健全社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩的联动机制，绝不能让物价上涨影响低收入群众的正常生活。
Recently, prices have risen fairly quickly and inflation expectations have increased. This problem concerns the people's wellbeing, bears on overall interests and affects social stability. We must therefore make it our top priority in macroeconomic control to keep overall price levels stable. We need to make the most of favorable conditions, such as an ample supply of manufactured goods and our abundant grain reserves and considerable foreign exchange reserves, endeavor to overcome the adverse effects of imported and structural inflation, cushion the upward pressure for costs of factors of production, and correctly guide market expectations to resolutely curb price rises. We need to comprehensively strengthen our work controlling and monitoring prices mainly through economic and legal methods supplemented by administrative means when necessary. First, we will effectively manage market liquidity and control the monetary conditions for commodity prices rising too rapidly. We will decide proper timing, frequency and intensity of price
adjustments for goods and services whose prices are regulated by the government. Second, we will vigorously develop production and ensure the production and supply of major farm products, daily necessities and important means of production. We will effectively implement the system of provincial governors taking responsibility for the \bag\(grain supply) program and city mayors taking responsibility for the \we will develop the distribution system for farm products, actively encourage farmers and stores to link up, and guarantee the unimpeded transport of fresh farm products through \channels,\where vehicles carrying such goods are exempt from paying road tolls. We will improve the reserve system for important goods and the system for temporarily purchasing and stockpiling major farm products, seize the opportune moment for the state to manipulate reserves, adjust imports and exports, and strengthen our ability to control the market. Fourth, we will strengthen oversight and supervision of prices and maintain market order. We particularly need to strengthen law enforcement concerning pricing, and strictly investigate and deal with illegal behavior such as driving up prices through price collusion or market speculation. Fifth, we will improve the system of subsidies and institute a sound mechanism to raise social assistance and social security benefits when commodity prices rise. We cannot allow price rises to affect the normal lives oflow-income people.
（二）进一步扩大内需特别是居民消费需求
2. Further expanding domestic demand, especially consumer demand 扩大内需是我国经济发展的长期战略方针和基本立足点，也是促进经济均衡发展的根本途径和内在要求。
Expanding domestic demand is a long-tenn strategic principle and basic standpoint of China's economic development as well as a fundamental means and an internal requirement for promoting balanced economic development. 积极扩大消费需求。继续增加政府用于改善和扩大消费的支出，增加对城镇低收入居民和农民的补贴。继续实施家电下乡和以旧换新政策。加强农村和中小城市商贸流通、文化体育、旅游、宽带网络等基础设施建设。大力促进文化消费、旅游消费和养老消费。推动农村商业连锁经营和统一配送，优化城镇商业网点布局，积极发展电子商务、网络购物、地理信息等新型服务业态。大力整顿和规范市场秩序，切实维护消费者权益。深入开展打击侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品的专项治理行动。
We will actively boost consumer demand. We will continue to increase government spending used to help expand consumption, and increase subsidies to low-income urban residents and farmers. We will continue to implement the policies of providing subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and subsidies for trading-in old home appliances for new ones. We will strengthen the infrastructure for the distribution of goods, culture and sports, travel, and broadband in rural areas and small and medium-sized cities. We will vigorously promote consumption in the areas of culture, travel and old-age care. We will promote chain-store operations and unified distribution in rural areas, optimize the distribution of urban commercial outlets, and develop new services such as e-commerce, online shopping and the Geographic Information System. We will energetically overhaul and standardize the market, and earnestly protect consumers' rights and interests. We will intensify our efforts to crack down on violations of intellectual property rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods.
大力优化投资结构。认真落实国务院关于鼓励引导民间投资新36条，抓紧制定公开透明的市场准入标准和支持政策，切实放宽市场准入，真正破除各种有形和无形的壁垒，鼓励和引
导民间资本进入基础产业和基础设施、市政公用事业、社会事业、金融服务等领域，推动民营企业加强自主创新和转型升级，鼓励和引导民间资本重组联合和参与国有企业改革，加强对民间投资的服务、指导和规范管理，促进社会投资稳定增长和结构优化。充分发挥政府投资对结构调整的引导作用，优先保证重点在建、续建项目的资金需求，有序启动“十二五”规划重大项目建设。防止盲目投资和重复建设。严格执行投资项目用地、节能、环保、安全等准入标准，提高投资质量和效益。
We will strive to improve the investment structure. We will earnestly implement the State Council's 36 new guidelines for encouraging and guiding nongovernmental investment; work quickly to formulate open and transparent standards and supporting policies on market access; effectively relax restrictions on market access; genuinely eliminate all visible and invisible barriers; encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in areas such as basic industries, infrastructure, municipal public utilities, social programs, and financial services; prod privately run enterprises to strengthen their innovation, transformation and upgrading; encourage and guide the reorganization and mergers of nongovernmental capital and its involvement in SOE reform; strengthen services and guidance for and standardized supervision of nongovernmental investment; and promote its stable growth and structural optimization. We will get government investment to play the leading? role in restructuring, give priority to ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion, and begin construction on the major projects in the Tweifth Five-Year Plan in an orderly manner. We will prevent haphazard investment and redundant construction. We will strictly enforce investment project approval standards on land use, energy conservation, environmental protection and safety, and improve the quality and benefits of investment.
（三）巩固和加强农业基础地位
3. Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation ofthe economy 坚持把“三农”工作放在重中之重，在工业化、城镇化深入发展中同步推进农业现代化，巩固和发展农业农村好形势。
We will steadfastly make agriculture, rural areas, and farmers the top priority of the government's work; carry out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization and urbanization; and consolidate and build upon the favorable situation in agriculture and rural areas.
确保农产品供给，多渠道增加农民收入。要把保障粮食安全作为首要目标，毫不放松地抓好农业生产。稳定粮食种植面积，支持优势产区生产棉花、油料、糖料等大宗产品。大力发展畜牧业、渔业、林业。切实抓好新一轮“菜篮子”工程建设，大中城市郊区要有基本的菜地面积和生鲜食品供给能力。强化农业科技支撑，发展壮大农作物种业，大规模开展高产创建。继续实施粮食最低收购价政策，今年小麦最低收购价每50公斤提高5到7元，水稻最低收购价每50公斤提高9到23元。大力发展农村非农产业，壮大县域经济，提高农民职业技能和创业、创收能力，促进农民就地就近转移就业。提高扶贫标准，加大扶贫开发力度。 We will ensure an adequate supply of agricultural products and increase farmers' incomes through multiple channels. We will make safeguarding food security our primary goal, and work tirelessly to increase agricultural production. We will keep the area planted in grain crops stable, and support the growing of cotton, oilseed and sugar crops in the most suitable areas. We will energetically develop the animal husbandry, fishery, and forestry sectors. We will effectively carry out the new round of the \basket\program and ensure that suburbs of large and medium-sized cities have a basic area for growing vegetables and a basic ability to supply fresh produce for urban residents. We will get science and technology to better support agriculture,