F?1?0.9kN3NkN188?0.925?I??0.9??43.3?1586.1P2?ky3?kq3??0.4619
kN5?ky5?kq5?0.05314kN7?ky7?kq7??0.04077688?(?0.4619)F?3?0.9??43.3??2642?388?0.05314F?5?0.9??43.3?18.245?288?(?0.040776)F?7?0.9??43.3??9.997?2(2)
FA1?1586.1coswtcos? FB1?1586.1cos(wt?120?)cos(??120?)
FC1?1586.1cos(wt?240?)cos(??240?)NkN13I???1586.1?2379.2 P260f60?50??1500rpm,p?2 基波:正转,n1?P2318.24?27.36 5次谐波:F5?F?5?1.5?2n 反转,n5???300rpm,pv?vp?10对极
53(?9.99)??15 7次谐波:F7?F?7?1.5?21500?214.3rpm,pv?vp?14 正转,n7?7 (3)F1?1.35sin(11?30?)?0.5kN11?sin11?75???0.9659???0.12184?sin(11?7.5)3.965888?(?0.1218)F?0.9??43.3??18.98 ?11 11?23F11?F?11?1.5?(?18.98)??28.472 反转,p11?11?2?22对极 n11?1500?136.36rpm 11(4)f1(t,?)?F1cos(wt??)?2379.2cos(wt??)
f5(t,?)?27.36cos(wt?5?) f7(t,?)??15cos(wt?7?)
f11(t,?)??28.47cos(wt?11?) (15)kN1:kN5:kN7:kN11?1:0.0574:0.0441:0.1317
采用短距分布后,5,7次谐波幅大为减少
4.22 一台50000 kW的2极汽轮发电机,50Hz,三相,UN=10.5 kV星形联接, cosфN=0.85,定子为双层叠绕组,Z=72槽,每个线圈一匝,y1=7τ/9,a=2,试求当定子电流为额定值时,三相合成磁动势的基波,3、5、7次谐波的幅值和转速,并说明转向。 I??PN3UNcos?N?5000?3234.55(A)
3?10.5?0.85 ?1?p?3602?360??5? z7272?122?3
72???362q?q?1y2?0.8976kN1?ky1?kq1?sin(1?90?)??qsin12sin(5?30?)kN5?sin5?70????0.03342
12?sin(5?2.5)sin(21?)kN7?sin4?90????0.106112?sin(7?2.5)2pq2?12N?Nc??1?12a2sinF1?1.35n1?NkN1I??52399.71?0.8976?47034 (A/极) P60f?3000rpm 反转 P三次谐波:0
NkN552399.11I???0.03342?350 (A/极) 5P53500n5??600rpm 反转
552399.71F7??0.03342?250.2 (A/极)
73000n7??428.6rpm 反转
7F5?1.35 4.23 (1)图a中通入正序电流:含产生旋转磁场,从超前相A相绕组轴线转向滞后相
B相绕组轴线即A-B-C,所以为逆时针方向。
图a中通入负序电流:含产生旋转磁场,为顺时针方向
图b中通入正序电流:含产生旋转磁场,为顺时针方向 图b中通入负序电流:含产生旋转磁场,为逆时针方向
(2)a图:
fA1?F?A1coswtcos?fB1?F?B1cos(wt?110?)cos(??120?)fC1?F?C1cos(wt?250?)cos(??240?)
NkF?A1?0.9N1IA?100FPF?B1?80FF?C1?90F
f?fA1?fB1?
fC1?50F[cos(w??t?)co?sw?(t)]?40F[cows(t????1?0)cwo?t?s(???230)]
45F[cows(t????1?0)cwo?t?s(??49)]?50F[cows(t???)cwo?st?()]
4.24 在对称的两相绕组(空间差900电角度)内通以对称的两相电流(时间上差900),试分析所产生的合成磁动势基波,并由此论证“一旋转磁动势可以用两个脉振磁动势来代表”。
设A绕组通入的电流为:
iA?2IcoswtiB?2Icos(wt?90?)
则
fA1?F?1coswtcos?fB1?F?1cos(wt?90?)cos(??90?)F?12F?12
因为两相绕组对称,两相电流又对称,所以A相B相产生的磁势幅值相等
f?fA1?fB1?
cos(wt??)?F?1cos(wt??) 为旋转磁势
cos(wt??)?cos(wt???180?)22?F?1cos(wt??)?F?1d??wdt1d?2?n1w 转速:令????
Pdt60P60f?n1?Pwt???0? 方向:从超前相电流所在相位转到滞后相B相即: A-B
可见旋转磁势可分解为空间和时间相位上都差90的两个脉振磁势 4.25 (1)
fA1?F?1sinwtcos? fB1??F?1sinwtcos(??240?)
fc1?0(2)
f?fA1?fB1?fC1?F?1sinwtcos??F?1sinwt(cos?cos240??sin?sin240?)13?F?1sinwt(cos??cos??sin?)2233?F?1sinwt(cos??sin?)22?3F?1sinwtcos(??30?)
4.26 一台三相四极交流电机,定子三相对称绕组A、B、C分别通以三相对称电流iA=10sinωtA、iB=10sin(ωt-120)A、iC=10sin(ωt-240)A,求:
(1)当iA=10A时,写出各相基波磁动势的表达式以及三相合成磁动势基波的表达式,用磁动势矢量表示出基波合成磁动势的空间位置;
(2)当iA由10A降至5A时,基波合成磁动势矢量在空间上转过了多少个圆周?
F?A1?0.9NkN1NkIP?9N1 PP(1)fA1?F?1sinwtcos?
fB1?F?1sin(wt?120?)cos(??120?)fC1?F?1sin(wt?240?)cos(??240?)wt?
当 iA?10A?2
?fA1?F?1cos?
1fB1??F?1cos(??120?)2
1fC1??F?1cos(??240?)2 三相合成: ?f1?3Fwt???1sin(23?)??Fsin(??1223?)?F12?c os(2)当iA从10A降至5A时,在时间上经过60?电角度
即wt??3?t??3w?1 300?四极电机转速为 n1?1500rmp
?
115001?秒转 圆周
300300?6012