单一作为评价疾病预后的指标,但用于大规模人群调查时是较为理想的评价指标。
【正常值】 三头肌皮褶厚度是最常用的评价脂肪贮备及消耗的良好指标美国男性为12.5mm,女性为16.5mm;日本男性为8.3mm,女性为15.3mm。
表7-4-4 我国三头肌皮褶厚度(mm)
年男性/女性 龄 10~ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 21 30 40 5.5/7.0 6.5/7.5 6.0/7.5 5.5/8.0 5.5/9.0 5.0/9.5 4.5/9.0 4.5/10.5 4.5/10.5 5.0/10.5 5.0/12.0 20~ 6.5/8.6 7.4/8.6 7.6/9.6 6.6/9.7 6.6/10.7 6.4/11.7 5.6/10.7 5.4/12.6 5.7/12.7 6.7/13.0 6.8/15.1 30~ 7.7/9.7 8.3/9.7 8.7/10.7 7.7/11.1 7.7/12.1 7.3/13.1 6.7/12.1 6.3/13.7 7.1/14.1 8.1/15.0 8.6/17.4 40~ 8.8/10.8 9.1/10.8 9.8/11.8 8.8/12.6 8.8/13.6 8.1/14.6 7.8/13.6 7.1/14.8 8.6/15.6 9.6/17.0 10.3/19.7 50~ 10.0/12.0 10.0/12.0 11.0/13.0 10.0/14.0 10.0/15.0 9.0/16.0 9.0/15.0 8.0/16.0 10.0/17.0 11.0/19.0 12.0/22.0 60~ 11.7/14.0 12.0/14.4 13.3/15.0 12.3/16.6 12.0/17.0 11.8/18.3 12.1/17.3 9.7/18.8 12.3/19.3 13.8/21.8 14.8/24.8 70~ 13.7/16.0 14.0/16.6 15.6/17.0 14.6/19.1 14.0/19.0 14.7/20.6 15.3/19.6 11.4/21.7 14.6/21.6 16.7/24.7 17.7/27.7 80~ 15.1/18.0 16.0/18.8 17.8/19.0 16.8/21.0 16.0/21.0 17.6/22.8 18.4/21.8 13.1/24.6 16.8/23.8 19.6/27.6 20.6/30.6 90~ 19.0/21.5 21.0/24.5 22.5/22.5 21.5/26.5 20.5/25.0 22.5/27.0 23.5/25.0 17.0/28.5 21.5/28.0 24.5/31.5 25.0/35.5 引自:《肠外瘘》,黎介寿主编,2003年。
【评价标准】 实测值占正常值90%以上为正常,80%~90%为轻度营养不良,60%~80%为中度营养不良,低于60%为重度营养不良。若<5mm,表示无脂肪可测,体脂肪消耗殆尽。如果测得数值超过于标准值120%以上,则为肥胖。我国目前尚无群体调查理想值,但可作为病人治疗前后自身对比参考值。 6. 握力
Grip strength is a long-term predictor of mortality from all-causes, ardiovascular disease, and cancer in men. Muscle size and other indicators of body composition did not explain these associations. Grip strength has been shown to predict all-cause mortality in older people, but less is known about its influence on risk of death from specific causes and on the role of body composition in the grip strength/mortality association.
握力是反映肌肉总体力量的一个指标。握力评价的是受试者肌肉静力的最大力量状况,主要反映前臂和手部肌肉的力量,因其与其他肌群的力量有关,测量握力,也可反应病人上肢肌力情况,间接体现机体营养状况的变化。适用于病人肌力和营养状态变化的评价。连续监测,以评估病人骨骼肌肌力恢复情况。
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