致 谢
时光荏苒，岁月如梭，一转眼，我在合肥工业大学交通运输学院三年的研究生学习生涯即将结束。本文的研究工作是在我的导师逄焕平博士和古劲松、卞国焱高级工程师的精心指导和悉心关怀下完成的。在我的学业和论文的研究工作中，倾注着导师和前辈辛勤的汗水和心血。他们兢兢业业的工作作风，高尚的人格、宽广的胸怀、渊博的知识、严谨的治学态度、对科研工作的严格要求使我终生受益。在此论文完成之际，谨以最崇高的敬意和最衷心的感谢!
感谢侯超群、王蕴文、张卫华等学院老师在平时学习和生活中给与的指导和鼓励！
感谢孙立志、王锡志和王在高等师兄师姐在学习和生活上的帮助和找工作时提供的建议！
感谢我的学校合肥工业大学，提供给了我们良好的学习生活条件，让我遇到许多良师益友，学到了终身受益的知识和做人做事的道理。
作者：许 磊 2015年4月20日
I
摘 要
沥青混凝土路面是我国路面的基本形式之一。沥青混凝土路面在行车过程中对车辆的震动小、噪音低，路面可以分期修建。
工程建设最关键的是质量控制和安全控制。施工中若某一环节或者某一部位出现问题，都会直接影响公路项目的经济效益和使用效益。针对沥青混凝土路面常出现的路基沉陷，路面早期损坏等问题，本文重点从沥青混凝土的设计、施工、检测等多方因素进行阐述，确保路面施工的质量。采用一些新的施工工艺方法，来改造旧路面，通过施工现场的研究和项目的经验，本文归纳总结了沥青混凝土路面施工方法，并绘制了相关的流程图，通过图示更直观的表达了出施工的工艺方法。
机械化施工在我国公路建设上发挥的作用愈发明显。科学合理的管理和施工机械组织是提高施工效率、缩短工期和降低成本、保证施工质量的重要手段。本论文以安徽省206省道拓宽工程为研究对象，以科学合理的施工机械选择和科学管理为主旨，选择施工机械。论文将实践与理论相结合，对实际的工程案例做了计算说明。由于原部分道路路面需要进行翻新，本文也从沥青混凝土路面的旧病防治方面进行了研究，系统的归纳总结了路面病垢的检验和治理方法。
关键词：路面施工；质量控制；施工方案；机械化施工管理
II
ABSTRACT
The asphalt concrete pavement is a basic structure road of our country. The advantages of asphalt concrete pavement is that it can reduce vibration and make low noise when vehicles drive , also the pavement can be constructed by stages.
The key of construction is quality and safety. A certain part of the problem during the construction will directly affect the economic benefits and usages. The problems of subsidence and damages of roadbed are focused on this paper.The design、construction、testing of asphalt concrete , which can ensure the quality of construction,also elaborated in it . We use the method of some new construction technologies to reforming the old pavement. The paper summarizes the construction method of asphalt concrete pavement by the research and the project experience. There are charts and diagrams in the paper to make more intuitive to readers.
Mechanical construction has increasingly significant effcts on highway construction in our country. Scientific management and construction machinery are important means to improve the construction efficiency、shorten the construction period and reduce the cost of construction. The thesis is based on 206 Highway in Anhui Province, a scientific and rational management of construction as the research subject. Under the systematic research and theory with practical, the case for practical engineering calculation instructions are made on this paper. This article from an old disease prevention and control of asphalt concrete pavement summarized research, systematic summary of the inspection and disease control methods pavement scale.
Keywords: Road construction；Quality Control；Construction program；Mechanization Construction Management
III
目 录
第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1研究背景及意义 ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................... 1 1.3本文所研究的项目概况 .................................................................................... 3 1.4主要研究内容 .................................................................................................... 4 第二章 沥青混凝土路面结构层配合比设计 ................................................................ 7
2.1材料的准备与控制 ............................................................................................ 7
2.1.1沥青的准备与控制 ................................................................................... 7 2.1.2碎石的准备与控制 ................................................................................... 7 2.1.3细料的准备与控制 ................................................................................... 8 2.2沥青混合料的配合比设计 ................................................................................ 8
2.2.1目标配合比设计 ....................................................................................... 9 2.2.2生产配合比的设计 ................................................................................. 15 2.2.3生产配合比的验证 ................................................................................. 15 2.3水稳基层配合比设计 ...................................................................................... 15
2.3.1设计强度要求 ......................................................................................... 15 2.3.2矿料配合比设计计算 ............................................................................. 15 2.3.3振动击实试验 ......................................................................................... 15 2.3.4 7d无侧限抗压强度试验 ........................................................................ 16 2.3.5养生 ......................................................................................................... 17 2.3.6试压 ......................................................................................................... 17 2.3.7设计试验结论 ......................................................................................... 18
第三章 路面施工质量控制 .......................................................................................... 19
3.1总体施工方案概要 .......................................................................................... 19 3.2水泥稳定碎石底基层的施工 .......................................................................... 20
3.2.1施工准备工作 ......................................................................................... 20 3.2.2施工方法 ................................................................................................. 20 3.2.3养护 ......................................................................................................... 21 3.2.4质量控制 ................................................................................................. 22 3.3水泥稳定碎石基层的施工 .............................................................................. 22
3.3.1施工准备工作 ......................................................................................... 22 3.3.2施工方法 ................................................................................................. 22
IV
3.3.3养护 ......................................................................................................... 23 3.4沥青混凝土路面的施工 .................................................................................. 24
3.4.1施工准备工作 ......................................................................................... 24 3.4.2施工方法 ................................................................................................. 25 3.5沥青贯入式调平层施工 .................................................................................. 26 3.6下封层的施工 .................................................................................................. 27
3.6.1施工准备 ................................................................................................. 27 3.6.2施工过程 ................................................................................................. 28 3.7施工检测 .......................................................................................................... 28
3.7.1材料、设备的检测 ................................................................................. 29 3.7.2路面弯沉检测 ......................................................................................... 31 3.7.3路面平整度检测 ..................................................................................... 33 3.7.4路面厚度检测 ......................................................................................... 33 3.7.5路面密实度检测 ..................................................................................... 34 3.7.6路面宽度、高程及横坡度检测 ............................................................. 34 3.8沥青混凝土路面主要病害及防治措施 .......................................................... 36
3.8.1路面波浪 ................................................................................................. 36 3.8.2局部推移、松散、隆起、拥包 ............................................................. 36 3.8.3车辙 ......................................................................................................... 36 3.8.5翻浆 ......................................................................................................... 39 3.8.6龟裂、网裂、坑槽等 ............................................................................. 40 3.8.7本项目道路病害的综合治理防范 ......................................................... 41 3.9本项目老路改造方案 ...................................................................................... 42
3.9.1路面修复新材料 ..................................................................................... 43 3.9.2混凝土旧路改造中采用废物利用新办法 ............................................. 43 3.10施工重点和难点 ............................................................................................ 45 3.11本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 46 第四章 沥青混凝土路面施工机械选择与机械化施工组织 ...................................... 47
4.1沥青混凝土路面施工机械选择 ...................................................................... 47 4.2沥青混凝土拌和设备的配置与施工 .............................................................. 48
4.2.1沥青混凝土搅拌机基本分类 ................................................................. 48 4.2.2沥青混凝土搅拌站点选址 ..................................................................... 49 4.2.3沥青混凝土搅拌厂的工艺流程与组成 ................................................. 49 4.3沥青混凝土路面摊铺机械配置与施工 .......................................................... 50
V