Unit 1 Great scientists
(计时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.词汇知识
1．(2014·武穴中学月考) ________ cleaning the yard and making up the beds for the elderly, we also read newspapers for them and had chats with them.
A. Except for C. Instead of
B. Rather than D. Apart from
答案与解析 D 句意：除了为老年人打扫院子，给他们铺床外，我们也为他们读报纸，和他们聊天。apart from“除??之外”，符合句意。except for也表示“除??以外”，但是它指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正。instead of“代替”； rather than “而不是”。
2．Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ________ almost every word her teacher says.
A. put out C. put away
B. put down D. put together
答案与解析 B 句意：玛丽确实很擅长上课时做笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每一个字都记下来。本题考查动词短语辨析。put out“出版；生产；扑灭”； put down“写下；记下”； put away“收起来；放好；储存”； put together“组成整体”。根据句意可知答案为B项。
3．— Ann seems to be upset. What's up?
— She ________ from the voice on the line that her mother was not satisfied with her test scores.
A. included C. suggested
B. concluded D. contained
答案与解析 B 答句句意：她根据电话中的声音断定母亲对她的考试成绩不满意。include“包括”； conclude“断定”； suggest“建议”； contain“容纳；包含”。
4．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ________ the problem.
A. handle C. face
B. raise D. present
答案与解析 A 句意：因为这儿没人知道机器出了什么故障，所以我们必须派人去请一个工程师来解决这个难题。handle“处理；解决”； raise“提出”； face“正视”； present“介绍；呈现”。由句意可知A项正确。
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5．— He is feeling even worse.
— That is because he ________ to follow the doctor's advice then. A. rejected C. objected
B. refused D. led
答案与解析 B 句意：——他感觉更糟了。——那是因为那时他拒绝接受医生的建议。reject后面通常不接不定式； object to doing“反对做”； lead to“导致”； refuse to do“拒绝做”。故B项正确。
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
6．The drunk driver is ________ (blame) for the traffic jam that ________ (occur) yesterday.
答案与解析 to blame; occurred be to blame 表示“被责备”，主动形式表示被动含义。occur“发生”，由yesterday可知应用过去时。
7．There happened a murder case ________ (link) the man ________ to the mayor. 答案与解析 linking 句意：发生了一起谋杀案，把那个人和市长联系起来了。a murder case与link构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。
8．People ________ (expose) to war too long suffered such a lot, losing their relatives, escaping from their homeland and so on.
答案与解析 exposed exposed to为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句who were exposed to ...。
9．The presents ________ (receive) on my birthday moved me a lot.
答案与解析 received the presents与receive之间为被动关系，填过去分词，作定语。
10．The key to ________ (solve) the problem is to meet the demand ________ (make) by the customers.
答案与解析 solving; made the key to“??的关键”，其中to为介词，所以后面应该用动名词形式； make和demand之间构成动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词表被动。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two men were walking their dogs, a Doberman and a Chihuahua. When they said to each other, “I'm __11__ (hunger)”， they saw a nearby bar and walked up to it.
Unfortunately, when they walk much __12__ (close) to it, they found there was a sign on the door, __13__ said: “NO DOGS”. They thought for a while, trying to figure out __14__ they should do with no luck. Suddenly, the man with the Doberman said, “I have __15__ idea! Do what I do.”
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The man put on __16__ sunglasses, walked up to the door and tried to get in, __17__ a big muscular man stopped him. “Where do you think you are going？” asked the big man. “This is my eye-seeing dog，” said the man, hoping __18__ good feedback. “All right, mister, go right in，” said the big man. The Doberman man walked in. The second man __19__ (slip) his sunglasses on and did the same as the first man. “Where do you think you are going？” asked the big man. “I'm going into the bar. This is my eye-seeing dog，” he said. “A Chihuahua？”， asked the big man with suspicion (怀疑). The other man, __20__ (play) his part, yelled, “They gave me a Chihuahua！？”
答案 11.hungry 12.closer 13.which 14.what
15．an 16.his 17.but 18.for 19.slipped 20.playing Ⅳ.阅读理解
To become a doctor in the United States, students usually attend four years of medical school after they complete college. Then these young doctors work in hospitals for several years to complete a training program called a residency (住院医生实习期)．
These medical residents provide hospitals with needed services in return for not much pay. They work under the supervision of medical professors and more experienced doctors. Medical residents treat patients. They carry out tests. They perform operations. They complete records. In hospitals with few nurses, residents also do work formerly done by nurses. Some medical residents work one hundred or more hours in a single week. They often work for more than thirty-six hours at a time before they can rest.
Critics of this system say medical residents work too long and do not get enough rest. They say this young doctors may be too tired to perform their medical duties effectively. Now the government will limit the number of hours of work that residents
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can work. Most doctors in training will be limited to eighty-four hours of work each week. They will have work periods of no more than twenty-four hours at one time. They will have ten hours of rest between work period.
Medical residents welcomed the work limits. Others,_however, said the new policy may interfere with patient care and their own medical education.
21．If a first-year college student in America wants to be a doctor, he may have to wait for ________.
A. 4 years C. over 10 years
B. 6 years D. over 20 years
答案与解析 C 由第一段可知，美国的学生要想成为一名医生，在完成大学学业四年后还要在医学院校学习四年，然后再经过几年的住院实习期，故选C。
22．Medical residents are NOT responsible for ________. A. supervising students C. carrying out tests
B. treating patients D. doing operations
答案与解析 A 由第二段中“Medical residents treat patients. They carry out tests. They perform operations. They complete records.”可知，A项不包括在其职责之内。
23．Why does the government limit the number of hours that residents work? A. There are too many medical residents competing for the job. B. Medical residents should go back to school to study.
C. They don't deserve to work for that long time as the pay is low. D. Medical residents may make mistakes if they work too long.
答案与解析 D 由第三段第二句可知，政府缩短实习生的工作时间是因为过长的工作时间会使他们过于劳累，以至于无法高效率的履行医药工作的职责，导致出现失误。
24．The underlined word “Others” in the last paragraph refers to ________. A. some critics
B. some medical professors C. some experienced doctors D. some medical students
答案与解析 D 此处others与many medical residents相呼应。others指住院实习生中不支持缩短工作时间这一举措的那部分实习生，D项与之最相近。
Ⅴ.七选五 (2014·兰州一中)
We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us
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don't do a very good job. __25__
So, you have to give a speech — and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble (结结巴巴) over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank Goodness, it's over. I'm just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”
Cheer up! __26__ Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. __27__ Dont't talk over their heads, and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.
Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. __28__ And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.
If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet? __29__
A. It doesn't have to be that bad.
B. Take several deep breaths before your speech.
C. This article gives some advice on how to give a good speech. D. Say what you have to say and then stop.
E. Don't give a try to say what you aren't familiar with. F. Never forget your audience. G. Give it a try and see what happens. 答案 25.C 26.A 27.F 28.D 29.G Ⅵ.短文改错
Li Yue and Zhang Hua went to nursing home and did some voluntary work on May Day. At their arrival, they were warm welcomed. They presented the elderly people with flowers and fruits. Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and swept the floor. Everything done, they sit in the yard chatting with the elderly. When it was time for the volunteer to leave, the elderly thanked them for their kindness. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy because of what they did bring joy
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to others. It also enriched our own experience.They made a promise which they would come again to see the elderly whenever they were free.
答案
Li Yue and Zhang Hua went to ∧ nursing home and did some voluntary work on May
a
Day. At their arrival, they were warm welcomed. They presented the elderly people
On/Upon
warmly
with flowers and fruits. Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and swept the floor. Everything done, they sit in the yard chatting with the elderly.
sweeping
sat
When it was time for the volunteer to leave, the elderly thanked them for their
volunteers
kindness. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy because of＼ what they did bring joy
brought
to others. It also enriched our own experience. They made a promise which they would
their
that
come again to see the elderly whenever they were free.
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