暑假集训第一讲
祈使句
祈使句往年真题:
1. Let’s _______ (speak) English in class .
_______(not speak) Chinese. (07年广州市十五校联考试题)
2._____________(not stay) out too late ,Wendy ! ( 10年广州市十七校联考试题 ) 祈使句概念—→ 用来表达请求、命令、建议(劝告、警告)、| 祝愿等句子就叫祈使句
祈使句分类 肯定结构 A Do 型: 动词原形(+ 宾语)+ 其他成分
Open the window ,please ! 请把窗户打开
Sit down , please ! 请坐
Please have a seat here . 请这边坐 Have a good weekend ! (祝您)周末愉快
Go and wash your hands .去洗洗你的手 Come on and join us ! 来加入我们的行列吧 Keep quiet ! 请保持安静
Look out ! The bus is coming !当心,车子来了 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
如:This way, please .==== Go this way ,please .请这边走 B Be型: Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+ 其他成分 Be careful ! It’s dangerous ! 当心/小心,危险 Be quiet , please ! 请安静
Be a good boy ! 要做一个好孩子
Be kind to your little sister ! 对你的小妹妹温和点 C Let型: Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Let me help you .让我来帮你 Let’s go to have a picnic .让我们去野炊吧 Let me show you hao to do it .我来告诉你怎么做 Let him try . 让他试试
否定结构 ⑴ Do 型和 Be型 祈使句变否定时,直接在句首加 Don’t 例句: 1. Don’t forget me ! 不要忘记我 2. Don’t speak to others with your mouth full.. 嘴里有事物时不要和人讲话(那样是没礼貌的) 3. Don’t read in bed .It’s bad for your eyes . 不要躺在床上看书,那样对眼睛不好 4. Don’t open the window!不要打开窗户
5. Don’t be late for school again !不要再次上学迟到
⑵ Let型 祈使句变否定有两种:
① 直接在句首加 Don’t
Don’t let him go !别让他走
②Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + not + 其他成分 Let him not go ! (同上)
★ 有些可用No 开头,以表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking ! 禁止吸烟
No fishing ! 禁止钓鱼 NO parking ! 禁止泊车
NO photos ! 禁止拍照
往年真题解析: (1)Let’t ==let us let 的用法:let 后面接动词原形 ,let sb. do 所以
这里第一个空用动词原形speak 后半句属于否定的祈使句,而且依据Do 型和 Be型 祈使句变否定时,直接在句首加 Don’t的原则,故答案是 Don’t speak
(2)此题考祈使句的用法,祈使句的否定形式只能在动词前面加don’t,故
空白处填Don’t stay
堂上练习:
精讲精练一
牛刀小试
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. _________( put )on your coat ! It’s cold outside !
2. _____________( not be ) late for school ,please ! 3. _____________( not read ) books in the bed !
4. Let’s________( have ) classes .__________ ( not talk ),please ! ※ 5. Yongxian,_________ (not look ) out of the window .
It’s too dangerous !
※ 6. Please _______ ( open ) the door !
7. _______ ( look ) at the blackboard , please !
※ 8. Please ____________( not watch ) TV so much ,Sam! 9. ______( let ) me _______( have ) a look at you new photos ! 10. _______ let the naughty boy _______ ( go ) out at night .
11. Let
the boy ___________ ( not go ) out at night .
复习巩固 回马枪:以上11个小题是不是有一定的难度呢 ? 有些题是不是还很迷惑,
那我们在再回过头去看看上面的讲解吧!看完之后宫老师再来帮
你解答一下。
补充讲解:please在祈使句中的应用
如果在祈使句中加上please , 可使整句话听起来更有礼貌、更客气、更委婉些。
例句: Turn down the radio!把音量调小!(语气中显得稍有不满)
Turn down the radio , please ! 请将收音机音量调小(委婉建议)
Please可放在谓语之前,不用逗号分开:也可放在句尾,但此时要用逗号号隔开 例句: Pass me the ball , please ! 请把球递给我 Please don’t forget the meeting ! 请别忘记开会
按要求该写句子:
精讲精练二 1, Tom is sitting on the desk .(变成否定祈使句)
___________________________________________ 2. Open the window , please .(同上)
____________________________________________ 3. Be standing in the rain . (同上)
_____________________________________________ 4. Please don’t take down the picture . (变成肯定祈使句) ___________________________________________ 5. Please read the text . (变成否定祈使句)
_____________________________________________
小结:
(1)祈使句的肯定形式① 动词原形 + 其他!
② 动词原形……,please!==Please+动词原形
(2) 否定形式 ① Don’t + 动词原形!
②Don’t + 动词原形, please ! Please + don’t +动词原形! (3)祈使句中没有does/doesn’t
(4) Let sb. do sh. / Let sb. not do sh.
考试题型专练:
一、语法巩固
A. a B. an C. the D. /
正确 / 10
1. What ___ __ useful dictionary it is!
2. Mr. Green has little time today, _ ____? A. have he B. hasn’t he C. does he D. doesn’t he 3. They will go to the Great Wall if it ___ __ tomorrow. A. isn’t rain B. rains C. doesn’t rain D. won’t rain 4. This box is __ ___ heavy for me _____ carry.
A. too … to … B. to … too … C. to … to … D. too … too … 5. There __ ___ an English film tomorrow evening.
A. will have B. will has C. is going to have D. is going to be 6. Hurry up, _ ____ we’ll miss the train. A. but B. or C. and D. so
7My brother plays——football very well.
A.a B.the C. all D. /
8.Birds —— when there isn’t enough food for them. A. starve B.are starving C.starved D.starves
9.I can see an apple ________ the apple tree and a bird ________ the banana tree. A.on, in B.in,in C.on,on D.in,on
10.I have a red box.It’s full ________ toys,so it’s very ________. A.of, light B.for,big C.like,small D.of,heavy
二、完形精练