高等数学
一、填空题
2(1)y?的间断点是 x??3 x?3(2)x?0是函数y?x1?x的第 一 类间断点。
(3)若极限limf(x)?a存在,则称直线y?a为曲线y?f?x?的 水平 渐
x??近线。
(4)有界函数与无穷小的乘积是 无穷小
(5)当x?0,函数sin3x与x是 同阶 无穷小。 (6)lim(1?2x)= e2 x?01x(7)若一个数列?xn?,当n 无限增大 (或??) 时,无限接近于某一个常数a,则称a为数列?xn?的极限。
(8)若存在实数M?0,使得对于任何的x?R,都有f?x??M,且milg?x??0,
x?0则limf?x?g?x??
x?0 0
(9)设y?sin3x,则y??? ?9sin3x ?1x (10) lim(1?)= e2 x??2x1
二、选择题
x(1)lim的值为( A )。
x?0sinxA.1 B.? C.不存在 D.0 (2)当x时,与x?100x3等价的无穷小量是( B )。 ?0 A. 3x B x C. x D. x3
(3)设函数f(x)?x?sin,则当x??0时,f(x)为 ( D )
A. 无界变量 B.无穷大量 C. 有界,但非无穷小量 D. 无穷小量
1x2sinx的值为( D )(4)lim。
x?0sinx1xA.1 B.? C.不存在 D.0 (5)下列函数在指定的变化过程中,( D )是无穷小量。 A.e,(x??) B.
1xsinx,(x??)x
x?1?1,(x?0)x
C. ln(1?x),(x?1) D.
(6)当x???时,下列变量中无穷大量是( A )。 A. a B. 0 C. -a D. 不存在 (8)当x?0时,变量( C )是无穷小量。
?112A.lnsinx B.cos C.sin D.ex
xx1(9)x?0是f(x)?1的( D )。 xA. 连续点; B. 跳跃间断点; C.可去间断点; D. 无穷
间断点.
(10)x?0是f(x)?(1?x)的(C )。 A. 连续点; 间断点.
(11)函数f(x)?xsin在点x?0处( C )
A.有定义且有极限 B.有定义但无极限 C.无定义但有极限 D.无定义且无极限 (12)limx?01x B. 跳跃间断点; C.可去间断点; D. 无穷
1xxx?(B )
A. 0 B. 不存在 C. 1 D. ?1
(13)无穷小量是(C )
A 趋于??的一个量 B 一个绝对值极小的数 C 以零为极限的量 D 以零为极限且大于零的量
x2?1(14)lim =( B )
x?1x?1A. -2 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1 (15) 设f(x)?1,则x??2是f(x)的( C) 2x?4A.可去间断点 B.跳跃间断点 C.无穷间断点 D.以上答案都不对
x2?9(16) lim=( B )
x?3x?3A . -6 B. 6 C. 0 D. 2
x2?4(17) lim=( B )
x?2x?2A . -6 B. 4 C. 0 D . 2
sin2x(18) lim(B)
x?0xA. 1 B. 2 C. 0 D. ?1
三、计算题
x2?2x?1x?1x2?2x?1?limlimlim (1) 解: ?0 x?1x?1x?1x?1x2?1x2?1x?2x2?6x?8x2?6x?8?lim(2)lim2 (2) 解:lim2?? x?1x?1x?1x?5x?4x?1x?5x?4(3)lim(x??2?x?1x??x?1?) (3) 解: lim??1??? ?limx??x??x?1x?1x?1????xx?12x?2x?1 ?e2
3tan3x3xtan3x(4)lim 解:lim ?lim ?
x?0x?02xx?022x2x2?2?(5)lim(1?)x?2 解:lim?1??x??x??x?x? (6)limx??0x?2?2? ?lim?1??x??x??x?2?x?2???2x?e?2
sin4xx?2?2 解:limx?0si4xnsin4x? ?limx?0x?2?2?x?2?2
x??limx?04x??x?2?2?82
x? (7)lim(x?112?2)x?1x?1 解:
2??1li?m?2?x?1x?1x?1?? ?limx?1?2
x?1?x?1??x?1??limx?111cosx? ?lim2?0
x??xx?121cosx?0,当时,是无穷小量 cosx?1,cosx为有界函数?x??x??x2x2有界函数与无穷小的乘积仍是无穷小
(8)lim(9)lim(1?x?122?2? ?? ) 解:lim?1?? ?1?limx?1x?1x?1x?1x?1?? (10)
limx?sin2xx?0x?sin5x 解:limx?0x?s2xi
x?s5xinnsin2x1?x?limx?osin5x1?x(11)
1x3x?1)?sin2x?lim?1??x?ox????sin5x?lim?1??x?ox???1?21??1?56
lim(1?x?02解
?16:
?x?lim?1??x?0?2?1?13x?x??lim?1??x?0?2?2?x??1????????1?x?2??3x?
?x??lim?1??x?0?2?2?1x???????x?62??e
x2?x1?1/xx2?x?limlim (12)lim4解: =0 x??x2?3?1/x2x??x?3x2?1x??x4?3x2?13?1?x?x2?313?1(13)lim( ?lim ??) 解:lim?3?23x?1x?1x?11?x?1?x??1?x?x?1?x?1?x1?x??lim?x?1x?2??1
x2?x?1
2x?1?x?4?(14)lim??x??x?1??x2sin?x?4?解:lim??x??x?1??
2x?15???lim?1??x??x?1???x?1?5?2x?1??5x?1 ?e?10
11x2sinx 解:limx?limx?limxsin1?limxsin1 当x?0(15)limx?0sinxx?0x?0x?0sinxxx?0xsinx111x?limxsin1?0 时,x为无穷小, sin?1,sin为有界函数 因此limx?0x?0xxsinxxx2sin(16)lim1arctanx?arctanx 解:lim 当x??时,?0 arctanx?,
x??x??xxx2arctanx为有界函数 因此lim2x6?5x4?2xarctanx?0
x??x2x6?5x4?2x2?5/x2?2/x5lim4(17)lim4解: ?lim x??3x?2x7?5x?4x??3/x2?2x?5/x5?4/x6x??3x?2x7?5x?4=0
12?2x?1?cos2x1?cos2x(18)lim解:lim ?lim22 ?2
x?0x?0x?0xsinxxsinx x1x?x2tanx?sinxtanx?1?cosx?tanx?sinxlim?lim(19)lim 解: ?lim23 333x?0x?0x??0x?0xxxx1x?2c? (20)lim()?8,求c 解:
x???x?c23c???x?2c??lim1? ?e3c?8 3c?ln8?3ln2 c?ln2 lim????x??x??x?c???x?c?sin2x(21)1、lim =2
x?0xxx?c3cx?3cx?c12x?1 (22) lim(1?)x)lim(1?)2?e2
x?0x??2x2x11(23) limx?sinxsin4x =2 (24) lim =0
x??x?sinxx?0tan2x
四、求下列函数的微分
(1)y?x?5?5 解:dy?(5x5155x4x?5ln5)dx 2x?sinx?cosx?11?cosx?1?cosx?dx (2)y? 解:dy???dx ?2(1?sinx)1?sinx?1?sinx?3x2dx (3) y?ln(x?2) (3)解:dy?3x?23 (4)
y?(x3?1)sinxy?3x23x2sinx33sinx3?cosxln(x?1)?sinx3dy?(x?1)[cosxln(x?1)?3]dxyx?1x?1d2yd2x
五、求下列函数的二阶导数 (
1
)
y?2x?x2 (1) 解:
dy?2xln2?2x dx