23. (本小题满分10分)选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程 在平面直角坐标系中,曲线C1的参数方程??x?3cos?(?为参数, 以O为极点,x 轴的正半
?y?2sin?轴为极轴建立极坐标系, 曲线C2是圆心在极轴上且经过极点的圆, 射线??于点D?4,?3与曲线C2交
?????. 3?(1)求曲线C1的普通方程及C2的直角坐标方程; (2)在极坐标系中,A??1,??,B??2,??????2??是曲线C1上的两点, 求
1?12?12?2的值.
24. (本小题满分10分)选修4-5:不等式选讲 已知函数f?x??2x?5a?2x?1,g?x??x?1?3. (1)解不等式g?x??8;
(2)若对任意x1?R,都存在x2?R,使得f?x1??g?x2?成立, 求实数a的取值范围.
河南省禹州市名校2016届高三高考考前适应性冲刺(三模)
数学(理)试题参考答案
一、选择题(每小题5分,共60分)
1-5.DABCB 6-10.CBCAC 11-12.DA 二、填空题(每小题5分,共20分) 13.15 14.380 15.三、解答题
17.解:(1)设?an?的公差为d,由已知得?3?d??3?2d??5?3?2d?,解得d?2或
2 16.1?6 43d??(舍去)
2
1??1??11??11?1??11???1Tn???1???????????...?????????2??3??24??35??n?1n?1??nn?2???1?111? 1?????2?2n?1n?2?3n2?5n?2. 4n?12n?818. 解:(1)由表可知:空气温度指标为0的有A1;
2空气温度指标为1的有A2,A3,A5,A8,A9,A10,空气温度指标为的有A4,A6,A7.
2C6?C3215?32所以空气温度指标z相同的概率P???. 2C10455(2)计算10块青蒿人工种植地的综合指标, 可得下表: 编号 综合A1 1 A2 4 A3 4 A4 6 A5 2 A6 4 A7 5 A8 3 A9 5 A10 3
指标 其中长势等级是一级的???4?有A2,A3,A4,A6A7,A9,共6个,长势等级不是一级的
???4?有A1,A5,A8,A10,共4个.
随机变量X的所有可能取值为:1,2,3,4,5.
111111C3?C2C3?C1?C2?C217, P?X?1??11?,P?X?2???11C6?C44C6?C4241111111111C3?C1?C2?C1?C2?C1C1?C1?C2?C171, P?X?3???,PX?4????1111C6?C424C6?C4811C1?C11,所以X的分布列为: P?X?5??11?C6?C424X P 1 2 3 4 5 17711 242482441771129?3??4??5??所以E?X??1??2?.
424248241219. 解:(1)连结AC、BD相交于O,?四边形ABCD为菱形, 且?BAD?等边三角形,
?3,??ABD为
?A1在底面ABCD上的射影G为?ABD的重心,?AG? 平面1ABCD,?BD?AGAC相交于G,?BD?平面ACC1A1.又BD?平面1,?AG1与
BDD1B1,?平面ACC1A1平面BDD1B1.
(2)?AA1?AC1,AG?32中, 由射影定理知 ?23??2,GC?4,?在Rt?AAC1232AG?AG?GC,求得AG?22,GO?1. 11利用体积法,VA?A1BC?VA1?ABC?中,A1B??3?1?22???12?26, 在?A1BC???3?4?22AG?BG2?8?4?23,AC?GC?AC?4?6?24,?AC?26. 111又BC?23,?S?A1BC1??26?2?23???6?22?6,
d,?d?S?A1BC?设点A到平面A1BC的距离为
131d?6?26,d?6,AA1?23 3设直线AA1与平面A1BC所成的角的夹角?,?sin??d62,?AA1?CC1,?直??AA1232线CC1与平面A1BC所成角的正弦值为
2. 220. 解:(1)由题意得BF1?F1,F2?a?2c,① 又由
PF1?PF2?2a?PF2?2a?PF1,
那么PA?PF2?PA?2a?PF1?PA?PF1?2a,结合图形, 易得PA?PF2的最小值为|AF1|???c?222??2?c2?8,于是, 可得|PA|?|PF2|的最小值为
2②得a?2,c?1从而得b?3,故椭圆的方c2?8?2a,即c2?8?2a??1, ② 由①、
x2y2??1. 程为43(2)由直线l:y?mx?n与圆x2?y2?3相切, 可得n1?m2?3?n2?3?3m2,
?x2y22b?1???3,由?4设M?x1,y1?,N?x2,y2?,由已知可得:CD?,消去y得3a?y?mx?n?2?3?4m?x22?8mnx?4n2?12?0,由?8mn??4?3?4m2??4n2?12??0可得
2n2?4m2?3,
8mn4n2?12,x1?x2?即3m?3?4m?3,解得m?0.所以x1?x2??. 223?4m3?4m22于是x2?x1??x1?x2?28mn?4n2?1243m??4x1?x2????4??, 2?223?4m3?4m3?4m??2?S四边形CMDN?43m11633, CD?x1?x2??3???23223?4m2?4mm当且仅当
362122?4m即m??时, 等号成立, 此时, 由n?3?3m可得n??, 22m
经检验可知, 直线y?321321321和直线y??符合题意(y?和x?x?x?222222y??321与椭圆的交点M,N不在直线CD 的两侧, 故舍去). x?22lnxmx?lnx在?0,???上有解, ?0,即m??xx21. 解:(1)由题可得f?x??设g?x???lnxlnx?222,令g'?x??0,得0?x?e;令g'?x??0,得x?e. ,g'?x???x2xx22?g?x?在?0,e2?上递减, 在?e2???上递增,?g?x?min?g?e2???,?m??,
ee2? 实数m的最小值为?.
e1??m?x?mx?lnx??m1?2xx?,?f'1???1?,?m?1, (2)证明:?f'?x????2x22???f'?x???x?lnx?12,f?x??2xx?lnxx,设h?x????lnx?1,易知h?x?在x2?0,???上递减,
设h?x0??0,?h?1??1?0,h?4???ln4?0(或h?2??0或h?3??0均可),?x0??1,4? 2且lnx0?1?递增, 在
x0.令f'?x??0得0?x?x0;令f'?x??0得x?x0,?f?x?在?0,x0?上2?x0,???上递减,?M?f?x0????x??x0?1?x0x02?x0?22x0, 设
x?2?x?4,?'?x???0, 2x4x21313???x?在?1,4?上递减,????x??, 即?f?x0??,又
22223f?x0??f?1??1,?1?M?.
2
22. 解:(1)?PA为圆的切线,??PAD??ABD,?AC 平分
?DAB,??BAC??CAD,?PA为圆的切线,?PA2?PD?PB,?PQ2?PD?PB.
(2)
??PAD??PBA,?PAPB129?,?PB??8,?PA2?PD?PB,?PD?,
3ADAB82915?AQ?DQ?PA?PD?3??.
88?x?3cos??x2y2?1,?射线??与曲23. 解:(1)?C1的参数方程??C1的普通方程?394?y?2sin?线C2交于点D?4,????3?2x?4?y?16. ,的直角坐标方程?C??2?2(2)曲线C1坐标方程为
?2cos2?9??2sin2?4?1,??2?36, 224cos??9sin???12?362,??2224cos??9sin?3636?, 22??????4sin??9cos?4cos2?????9sin2????2?2???4cos2??9sin2?4sin2??9cos2?13?2?2???. ?1?23636361124. 解:(1)由x?1?3?8得?8?x?1?3?8,??11?x?1?5,得不等式的解集为
?x|?4?x?6?.
(2)?任意x1?R,都有x2?R,使得f?x1??g?x2?成立,?y|y?f?x??y|y?g?x?, 又
????f?x??2x?5a?2x?1??2x?5a???2x?1??5a?1,g?x??x?1?3?3,
3424???5a?1?3,解得a?或a??,?实数a的取值范围是?a|a?或a???.
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