according to Sukhdev?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What are ―water funds‖ (para.4)? For what purposes are the ―water funds‖ set up?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Why does the author say that ―Not everyone thinks using market mechanisms is a good idea.‖ (para.6)?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Questions 8-10
Every fall the professors at Beloit College publish their Mindset List, a dictionary of all the deeply ingrained cultural references that will make no sense to the bright-eyed students of the incoming class. It‘s a kind of time travel, to remind us how far we‘ve come. This year‘s freshmen were typically born in 1991. That means, the authors explain, they have never used a card catalog to find a book; salsa has always outsold ketchup; women have always outnumbered men in college. There has always been blue Jell-O.
In 1991 we were fighting a war in Ira q, and still are; health care needed reforming, and still does. But before despairing that some things never change, consider how much has. In 1991 the world watched a black motorist named Rodney King be beaten by L.A. cops, all of whom were acquitted; a majority of whites still disapproved of interracial marriage. Ask yourself, Would the people we were then have voted for a mixed-race President and a black First Lady?
That year, apartheid was repealed, the Soviet Union collapsed, the Dow broke 3000. The next year, the first commercial text message was sent; now there are more transmitted every day than there are people on the planet. In the time it took for toddlers to turn into teenagers, we decoded the human genome and everyone got a cell phone, an iPod, a GPS and a DVR. As the head-spinning viral video ―Did You Know‖ informs us, the top 10 jobs in demand in 2010 did not exist six years ago, so ―we‘re preparing kids for jobs that don‘t yet exist using technologies we haven‘t yet invented.‖
We have managed, rather gracefully, far more change than we predicted would come; it turns out that our past‘s vision of the future was not visionary enough. This is often the case: reality puts prophecy to shame. ―Sensible and responsible women do not want to vote,‖ declared Grover Cleveland in 1905. Harry Truman, in his 1950 State of the Union address to mark the midcentury, predicted that ―our total national production 50 years from now will be four times as much as it is today.‖ It turned out to be more than 33 times as large. ―It will be gone by June,‖ promised Variety in 1955—talking about rock‘n‘roll. ―It will be years—not in my time—before a woman will become Prime Minister,‖ declared Margaret Thatcher in 1969.
Leaders rely on the future as a vaccine against the present. The Soviets have put a man in space? ―I believe we should go to the moon,‖ President Kennedy announces. ―I have a dream,‖ the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. declares as the world around him burns. Maybe the pr omise is realized, even surpassed; maybe it keeps receding, pulling us along. ―The best thing about the future is that it comes only one day at a time,‖ Abraham Lincoln supposedly observed. Which is true for those in charge of creating it but maybe not for the rest of us. When we pause and look
back, we get to see the past‘s future, know how the story turned out. Did we rise to the occasion? Did we triumph? Did we blink?
The past‘s power comes from experience, the lessons it dares us to dismiss on the grounds that maybe things will be different this time. The future‘s power is born of experiment, and the endless grudge match between fear and hope. We are having a dozen simultaneous conversations right now about change: in our institutions, our culture, our treatment of the planet and of one another.
It‘s tempting to just stand stock-still and squeeze your eyes shut and wait for the moment to pass, or else hoard canned goods and assume the worst. This has been an awfully ugly summer of argument, and you‘d be forgiven for concluding that we‘ve lost our will to face or fix anything. We‘ll just dance with the devils we know, thank you. But if you look past Washington, past Wall Street, turn down the volume and go outside and walk around, you‘ll find the parcels of grace, of ingenuity and enterprise—people riding change like a skateboard, speeding off a ramp, twisting, flipping, somehow landing with a rush of a wind and wheels—and wonder that it somehow hasn‘t killed us yet.
When members of the freshman class of 2027 look back at our future, what‘s likely to surprise them most? Will they marvel that gays were once not allowed to marry—or that they ever were? That we waited while the planet warmed, or that we acted to save it? That we protected the poor, or empowered them, or ignored them? That we lived within our means, or beyond them? We‘ll make our choices one day at a time, but our kids will judge our generation for what we generate, and what we leave undone.
8. Why does the author introduce the Mindset List published by professors at Beloit College at the beginning of the passage?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What does the author mean by saying that ―our past‘s vision of the future was not visionary enough‖ (para.4)?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Explain the statement ―Leaders rely on the future as a vaccine against the present.‖ (para.5) Make your comment.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Translation Part: E-C
So many of the productions currently to be seen on the London stage are concerned with the more violent aspects of life that it is surprising to meet a play about ordinary people caught up in ordinary events. Thomson Sackville's The Visitor is just such a play——at least, on the surface.
It seems to stand well outside the mainstream of recent British drama. In fact the surface is so bland that attention is constantly focused on the care with which the play has been put together,
and the clarity with which its argument develops; it seems natural to discuss it in terms of the notion of ―the well-wrought play.‖
The story is about an unremarkable family evening in middle-class suburbia. The Husband and wife have invited a friend to dinner. the friend turns up in due course and they talk about their respective lives and interests. during this conversion, in which the author shows a remarkable talent for writing dialogue which is entertaining and witty without being so sparkling as to draw too much attention to itself; the characters are carefully fleshed out and provided with a set of credible—if unremarkable—movies.Through innumerable delicate touches in the writing they emerge: pleasant, humorous, ordinary,and ineffectual. and if they are never made vibrantly alive in terms of the real world, one feels that this is deliberate; that the author is content to give them a theatrical existence of their own, and leave it at that.
C-E
年近古稀的我，应该说是饱经风霜、世事洞明了。但依然时而明白，时而懵懂。孔子曰：“七十而从心而欲，不逾矩。” 大概已达到大彻大悟的思想境界了吧。吾辈凡夫，生存在功利社会，终日忙忙碌碌，为 柴米油盐所困，酒色财气所惑，既有追求，又有烦恼，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉！
老年人的从心所欲，不是说可以我行我素，倚老卖老，从心所欲，说白了，就是要有自己的的活法，在心灵深处构筑独自的“自由王国”。海空任鱼跃，天高任鸟飞，悠悠然自得其乐。这种自由，既是无限的，又是有限的，无限的从心所欲寓于有限的生活空间。我想，这大概就是孔夫子所说的“不逾矩”吧。
【参考答案】
【Spot Dictation】
(1) You bet they can(2) help your lungs get stronger(3) professional football(4) Golf and yoga (5) keep going for a long time(6) include long-distance running(7) and ice hockey (8) you really like them(9) right training and medicine(10) under control
(11) symptoms or flare-ups(12) you take all asthma medicine(13) you are feeling OK
(14) skipping outdoor workouts(15) a scarf or a mask(16) a careful warm-up and cool-down (17) need to stop working out(18) knows which steps to take(19) follow these instructions (20) not on the sidelines
【Listening Comprehension】 Listening Comprehension 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.
A. Can you tell me about the different places you‘ve lived, Bill?
B. I grew up in the big city, New York. But I always thought I would want to live somewhere else. A. And did you move？
B. I did. What finally drove me out of New York was the traffic. I feel stuck in the city. Like I was trapped. I always spent summers in the country with my family in Maine,in the woods, on the lake, and I felt free there. But I wasn‘t ready to be in the county full time. So for the next 7 years, we lived in a small town. A. And was that better?
B. No, I never liked it. I moved back to New York because of my kids. I didn‘t want them cheering for different sports teams.
A. Do you feel better about life in the city now?
B. Well, I have my ups and downs. What bothers me most about the urban lifestyle is still the traffic and the parking. Here is an example for you. One time my mother was dropping my daughter off after taking her to a play. This is just a law-abiding grandmother doing what normal grandmothers love to do-hanging out with her grandchildren and taking her to a show. Ok, so she comes to drop my daughter off and of course there is no parking. My mother is 75 and she needs a little break. So despite not having a legal parking spot she steps inside the house before driving another 45 minutes home. She was in the house 5 minutes. and it cost her 50 dollars She got a parking ticket. I mean taking a grandchild to a show doesn‘t cost stress in the suburbs but in the big city, it‘s a big deal. A. how did your wife feel?
B. Well, for my wife, it is the dirt that bothers her. A. Doesn‘t that bother you, too?
B. No, I don‘t really mind the dirt. I suppose I‘m used to it. Other people complain about graffiti. But that doesn‘t really bother me either.
A. So on the whole, would you say you prefer city living to other places?
B. Well, the thing is, I like big cities. I also like wild remote places in the country. I don‘t like anything in-between, like small cities and suburbs. I think small towns are the worst.Ｉmean if you are going to have a lot of building and cars, at least you should have a lot of interesting people. People are the best part of cities. If you are not going to have people on the streets, then please give me some tress, strings, boulders, animals.
A. Well, besides the interesting people, is there any other you like about the city? B. I know it‘s weird, but I especially love the city on grey drizzly days. A. You do?
B. Yeah, it‘s beautiful how the gray of the buildings blends in with the sky. But on bright sunny days, I hate it. I want to be on the mountain , hiking in the woods, something like that. But because of the traffic, I don‘t go anywhere except the park usually. It‘s frustrating on those sunny days. So, I can only be truly happy in the city when the weather is bad. A. So what‘s your idea of the ideal place to live?
B. The ideal place to live would be a big city that ends suddenly and right away you are in the rural area. So on rainy days I stay home and watch the rain. And on sunny days I‘d go mountain climbing. And at night, I have a choice. I could camp out and cook burgers or go home and order a Chinese take-out.
1. For which of the following factors did the man move out of New York city at first? 2. What happens to the man‘s mother when she took her granddaughter to a show? 3. How does the man‘s wife feel about living in the city?
4. Apart from the interesting people, which other thing did the man like about big cities?
5. The man and his family have lived in several places, which of the following is not one of these places?
【答案】B\\D\\C\\A\\C
Listening Comprehension 2
Questions 5 to 10 are based on the following news. London
British Prime Minister Gorden Brown proposed a Copenhagen launch fund to help poorer countries tackle climate change immediately as part of a global climate agreement to be reached in Copenhagen in December. The Prime Minister's office annouced on Friday. Brown said he was optimistic that developed countries would support the measure of ten billion US dollars. Half of the funding would go towards helping developing countries, reduce green house gases. The other half would help developing countries to adapt to climate change, with priority for the poorest and most vulnerable. According to the Prime Minister, the British government would contribute 800 million pounds in total over three years which has already been budgeted for. Toronto
Real gross domestic product, GDP of Canada increased 0.1% in the third quarter,the first quarterly gain since the third quarter of 2008, according to Statistis Canada on Monday. Domestic demand, including consumer spending, housing, government spending and even business investment performed better than the previous quarter. Final domestic demand advanced 1.2 percent as capital investment and personal expenditures both increased. Real GDP was up 0.4 percent in September as most major industrial sectors increased their production according to Statistis Canada. Dubai
Confidence of western investors across the Gulf has been shaken by the Dubai government's shock decision to ask creditor banks for a 6-month delay on its massive debt repayments on Thursday. Western investors turned to the oil-exporting Gulf region for help during the global financial crisis. But now, European stock market dropped sharply on the news, with European exchanges particularly hard hit. The US markets were closed for the Thanksgiving holiday, and the dollar edged up from 14-year lows as renewed risk aversion prompted investors to shed riskier assets. However, a Dubai's senior official said the suspensional payments on Dubai world was carefully planned and done in full knowledge of how the market would react. Geneva
A group of demonstrators protesting against the World Trade Organisation smashed shop windows and set fire to several cars in central Geneva on Saturday, witnesses said. Police in riot gear had to intervene and tried to head off the vandalizing protesters in the city's main shopping street, leading to clashes, they said. An estimated three thousand people took part in the march which meant to protest against a WTO ministerial conference starting on Monday. The conference aims to review all the activities of the world trade body including the long-running Doha Round of global trade negociations. Anti-WTO activists have accused the body of adopting trade policies in favor of multi-national companies while neglecting the intersts of the poor. Similar protests have happened during previous WTO ministerial meetings. United Nations
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon on Monday voiced his heart-felt condolences over the tragic loss of lives in the wake of the derailment of an express train running from Moscow to St. Petersburg in Russia on Friday, November 27, 2009, a UN statement issued here. The statement issued by his spokesperson said: At this moment of grief his thoughts go out to the victims and their families. He wishes the many injured a swift recovery and hopes that investigations currently being conducted will shed more light on the circonstances surrounding this tragic incident. A home-made chemical bomb planted on the tracks in an apparent act of terrorism derailed the high-speed train in Russia, carrying hundreds of people Friday night, killing at least