2014届高考英语新题型原创精品学案系列
七选五阅读理解
【技能数据库】 考点解读
●通读整篇文章，把握整段语脉，理出文章的中心。 ●根据标点符号确定有几个句子。
●除中心词、关键词外，将所有句子按意义分出层次，如果是承接、平列、层进关系，则可分为两个或两个以上的层次，如果是解释、转折一般就可以一分为二。
●再分析各层次之间的关系。
●最后检查核对层次划分有无错误。如一篇文章或语段有几个句子单位，几个层次，特别是长难句构成的语段层次是否明确。
阅读填空题详解分析：
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，我们在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只要层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
阅读填空题的解题策略： 1.理清句际间意义的关系
文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。
2.找出句子之间的连接性的词语 文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系是：
承接关系（如so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等）；
平列关系（如first, second, third…;firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude等）；
转折关系（如however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise等）；
层递关系（如also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, not only…but also等）。
【高端数据库】 考情直播
（2010辽宁卷）
（A）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier（收银台）in her general store. 1 I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying ―thank you.‖
At first I was paid in candy. 2 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account. 3
By the time I was 12, My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics（化妆品）. I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid, women would ask me such things as ― What color do you think I should wear?‖ I took a real interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup（化妆）ideas. 4 The job taught me a valuable lesson: to be a successful salesperson, you didn’t need to be a Rocket scientist—you needed to be a great listener. __5___ Except they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics from me; instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.
A. Later I received 50 cents an hour. B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.
D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers. E. My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility. F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.
G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.
【试题答案及解析】
1. B.从后一句I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying ―thank you.‖可推知，作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学，然后让作者独立工作，所以他很快学会有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。
2. A.前面有at first，和本项中的later一致。
3. G.根据前一句的My father helped me set up a bank account.可确定答案。 4 C.同样根据前一句确定答案。
5.D.上文提到a valuable lesson，这里承接上下文。
（2010北京卷）
该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（B）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将
Muzak www.ks5u.com/gaokao/beijing
The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 1 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.
Quiet background music used to be called \(电梯) music\because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name \for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 2 If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 3 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is
designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 4 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 5 . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A. Some people don't like Muzak. www.ks5u.com/gaokao/beijing
B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is playing in the background. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 【试题答案及解析】
1.C
王道：看前后邻句。找不到再扩大范围找。
此题，前句没看头，看后句：It's similar to the music you listen to…捉住主语it及它对应的music，从7个句子中选出唯一用music开头的C句。 2.B
同样用指代的原则。前句when people are more tired.根据指代原则，确定答案在B和F里面：B. The music gives them extra energy. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. F明显不符合文章发展，提钱，俗！选B 3.F
利用因果关系
前句Why？其他人高兴什么？钱啊！从剩下的A,D,E,F里找原因，只能找出\钱\来。 4.D
这是唯一单纯看一句话找不出答案的题，也是5题中最难的题。
利用并列关系。前一句描述tired office workers，后一句描述supermarket shoppers，后句出现Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.由此推断D为正确答案。Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.主语和百分数都是一一对应关系。
5.A
利用并列原则，后面有But other people enjoy hearing…，故选择A.
【演练数据库】 遴选名题 优化训练
（A）
May the first is an important date in the college admission process in the United States. This is the last day for high school seniors to accept or reject offers of admission in the fall. But according to a recent report, there is a great change. Acceptance rates at the top colleges this year were lower than ever. 1 These days, college applicants are applying to more colleges because online and common applications make the process easier. 2 On the other hand, deciding students for top colleges to accept can be difficult because it takes much time. Students may not like being put on waiting lists. Also, common colleges work more to get the students they accept to accept them. Some colleges hold visiting days that offer a chance to attend classes and stay overnight. Some universities send gifts. 3 For many families, the most important thing colleges can do is show them the money, especially this year; the weak economy makes parents nervous. 4 The recent problems that spread from the housing market to credit markets have even affected student’s loans. So lately, top schools have to spare lots of money to increase their financial aid for students.
5 The Education Department expects the number of high school graduates to start to go down. This will happen as the last of the children of the baby boom generation finish high school. The number is not expected to start rising again until 2015.
A. Besides, top colleges are facing changes in the population. B. What contributes to it?
C. But a mistake can be costly if it happens. D. But top colleges ignore them.
E. They have international students who know English. F. It can mean several acceptances to choose from. G. They cannot afford college as planned.
（B）
A man was driving at 70 miles in a 40-mile-zone, when a police car came behind him with the light on. 1 As the policeman came to him, he said, \limit. I was in a rush to get home, to be with my wife and kids, you know my younger son wasn't feeling too well when I left home this morning.\
The policeman said, \I guess so,'' and started writing something in his notebook. ____2 . A few moments later, the policeman came to his window and handed him a paper, and returned to his car without saying a single word. The man started to wonder, how much this ticket was going to be as he began to look at the paper. 3
\you. He got a fine, a few months in prison, and was free, free to hug two other daughters. 4__ I have tried to forgive that man a thousand times, and I thought I had. Maybe I really did forgive