全站仪建筑测量外文翻译文献
原文：
Application of total station instrument in measuring in
housing construction
Abstract: Application of total station instrument in measuring in housing construction, puts forward some matters needing attention in the use of total station instrument.
Keywords: Total station, housing construction, construction surveying, application
With the development of science and technology, human labor is not only fast in the breadth and depth of development, and more concise and efficient. The emergence of optical rangefinder to greatly improve the measurement range and measurement speed, electronic theodolite appear not only makes the measuring accuracy is improved, the visualization is brought great convenience for measurement, electronic total station is set distance, angle, measuring height and automatic data processing of intelligent instruments in one, widely used in construction survey of high-level, large-scale housing construction. A. Total station.
The total station instrument, namely the total station electronic tacheometer. Is a set of light, machine, electricity as one of the high-tech measuring instruments, is the set of horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance (distance,
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全站仪建筑测量外文翻译文献
horizontal distance), height measurement functions in one instrument of Surveying and mapping system. The total station instrument has the advantages of high measuring precision, instrument integration, automation and intelligent degree and other advantages, has been widely used in various engineering in construction survey. Total station 3D coordinate measuring system is composed of electronic measurement, electronic distance measuring, computing and data storage unit, the measurement results can be displayed automatically, and multifunctional measuring instrument and equipment trade places. Because the total station electronic tacheometer is perfect to achieve electronic and integration of measurement and process, so people also often referred to as the total station electronic tacheometer or total station. B. Characteristics of two, the total station instrument
1, Total station with its own data processing system, as long as a sighting reflecting prism; can quickly detect horizontal angle, vertical angle and slant range, automatically calculate the coordinates and elevation measurement, and can record the measurement and calculation of data.
2, Through standard communication interface of total station instrument host, can realize data communication electronic total station and computer or other peripheral devices, which makes the measurement data acquisition, management, calculation and drawing form a perfect automatic measurement system.The measurement and calculation to control total station
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全站仪建筑测量外文翻译文献
3, With total station instrument microprocessor, can realize the meteorological correction, traverse, ago, resection, detail survey and construction lofting calculation task. And because the calculation is done automatically by the total station; i.e. line process is not at all affected by man-made factors.
4, The total station instrument can automatically read distance value, as long as the erecting prism alignment of total station total station instrument lens, we can read the measured distance, and can automatically calculate the theoretical data, with distance automatic and fast characteristics.
5, In the use of coordinate, the angle difference and setting-out length will be shown on the instrument screen, operation is very convenient, especially in leveling, total station a station can complete the traditional level 10 station and 50 station work, than \measuring instruments\can save 2\\/3 time, manpower can be saved 1\\/2.
C. Application of three, the total station instrument in housing construction in the construction survey 1. The composite initial data
The first step is to review the measurement work, city of the proposed building wire around the coordinates and elevation of initial data. At this stage, two test back angle, distance to city traverse points can be a total station
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全站仪建筑测量外文翻译文献
instrument, measurement data accuracy can meet the measurement requirements, can be used as reference plane control network layout of the project construction and initial data. Specific methods are as follows:
(1) Two N1, N2 selects the city control network. N1 as the test site and on the erection of total station instrument, the N2 as the goal point, erecting prism in the above.
(2) Of the total station of, leveling, and set the parameters of the instrument. (3) The instrument sighting direction value is set to zero. Total station for many times ranging and horizontal angle measurement and display its average value according to the requirements of the times.
In general, covers an area of broad, huge amount of city buildings between initial conductor control data of the distance between the two wires, when the distance of 200-300 meters, using common optical instrument to observe the easy to cause the error, if the observation is not only convenient to use total station, and the precision is high.
2. Through the establishment of plane coordinate control
Plane control network is the basis of building location, its principle is the overall local control, high control precision and low accuracy. Coordinate lofting function using the total station instrument can be accurate, convenient location out of plane control network of the whole building, and then encrypted into
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全站仪建筑测量外文翻译文献
architectural grid square. The specific methods are as follows:
(1)Aaccording to the construction drawings, calculate the coordinates of the control points and other points to be lofting.
(2) Two city control network N1, N2 selection, the known coordinates. The N2 as a test site, N1 as a viewpoint. The total station instrument rack at point N2, a prism holder in the view N1 point, prism another with rod to the placement of a measuring staff, their locations should follow the operator command.
(3) Of the total station to neutralize the leveling, set the instrument parameters.
(4) Coordinate lofting mode, input the measured coordinates of the site, equipment, high.
(5) Into the set state azimuth coordinate point of view, after the input. After the accurate view prism center, instrument according to the measurement site and point coordinate, will be automatically completed view azimuth equipment. (6) Once again into the coordinate lofting mode, input coordinates lofting points.
(7) Rotating instrument alidade, the display so that horizontal angle reading is zero. At this point, take the alidade direction is the direction of the point to be measured. Sighting with measuring prism (near the setting-out point), by measuring the control time, instrument display input in advance to be setting
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