阅读理解组合练(四)
(限时30分钟)
A
(2017·南京市高三模拟)The following ads come from UW (the University of Washington) newspaper called The Daily.
CLASSIFIED ADSHelp Wanted RART-TIME PIZZA DELIVERY driver, base pay Rooms 1 BLOCK TO UW — Clean, quiet non-smoking ＋tips. Our vehicle. Must be over 26 for room, private refrigerator. Month to insurance purposes. Dellino's Pizzeria, month agreement，$425 includes all University Village, 5553466. RESTAURANT — SUMMER JOB in Alaska! Experienced, presentable waitresses and cooks needed for busy restaurants in Valdez, Alaska. Fax your résumé/ application to 9075442877, at: Mike. WASHINGTON ATHLETIC CLUB, a private hotel and athletic club in downtown Seattle, has openings for part-time lifeguards and swimming instructors. Please call Stuart at 2065553989. Business Opportunities utilities. 5552488. BRAND NEW BUILDING close to UW. Furnished rooms with private baths and decks. Starting at $355. 5608 15th Ave. (206)5551435. FROM $260－ $280. Rooms, 1 block north of UW. Clean and quiet residence. No smoking, no musical instruments. Deposit needed. (206) 555-6608. The Daily makes every effort to ensure you are responding to a reputable job opportunity. REMEMBER: lawful employers do not ask for money as part of the application process. Do not send money, especially out of state, or give any credit card information. The majority of our Business Opportunities are at least in part commission-based opportunities. A small investment may be required, and you may be asked to work from your home. CHILDCARE NEEDED during summer in Childcare BABYSITTER WANTED: CARING and responsible babysitter for adorable good-natured 21-month-old boy. 15 hours/week. Days/times negotiable. Experience preferred. 5551293. If you have responded to an ad that seems Wallingford for three great children. 25deceptive, please call The Daily at －30 hours/week, Monday, Wednesday, 5552390. Friday. $9/hour. Begins 6/28. (206) 5552375. Parking EARN NEW COMPUTER and make money at the COVERED PARKING CLOSE TO UW, Secure same time. $2,000 in your first two weeks garage, $65 per month, 5608 15th Ave. with unlimited income potential. This NE, 2065551435. offer is going fast. Call and get the PARKING NEAR UW. 3 locations, $58/month. fact. 18005558948. Secured Garage, $85/mo-nth. (206) 5552944. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有关在华盛顿大学的报纸The Daily上所登的广告的内容。
1．If you are looking for a job only for the summer, how many choices do you have?
A．One. C．Three.
B．Two. D．Four.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据Help Wanted中的“SUMMER JOB in Alaska！”和Childcare中的“CHILDCARE NEEDED during summer in ...”可知，如果你只想寻找夏季的工作的话，你有两个选择。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the ads?
A．If you are good at swimming, you can try a job at 2065553989. B．All the companies advertising on The Daily are trustworthy. C．As a student, you don't need to pay a deposit when renting rooms. D．The fees for parking near the University of Washington are the same. 解析：选A 细节理解题。根据Help Wanted中的“openings for part-time lifeguards and swimming instructors”“2065553989”可知，如果你擅长游泳的话，你可以试着拨打2065553989来找份工作。
B
(2017·盐城市高三模拟)Weather is a famously boring conversation starter — until you drop a name like Sandy, Katrina, Juno, or Irene. Even without a hurricane or “snowmageddon” on the horizon, weather reports on channels like CNN have high viewer ratings. Sometimes, the Weather Channel itself beats the rest of the
competition. But why are people so fascinated by storms, even when they're nowhere near them? When the weather turns bad, why can't we look away, even after we've gotten the information we need to get through it?
We may be addicted to the danger. Humans didn't evolve to be safe, risk-minimizing citizens; because our early experiences involved constantly dangerous conditions, we developed a certain baseline expectation of risk. Even if you stayed inside your camp or your cave, the world was full of unpredictable, potentially dangerous things. And actively taking risks could be rewarded; that might have been the only way to get food. In the modern environment, we aren't exposed to natural risks in the same way. But the underlying neural mechanisms haven't gone anywhere. Some people have a natural bent for high-risk situations. They run extreme races, BASE jump, or invest in changeable stocks. Most of us, though, enjoy a certain thrill without losing our heads. We like roller coasters. We'll ski the black-diamond trail but may not go off track. It's a phenomenon that the sociologist Stephen Lyng calls edgework. We feel like we're living on the edge, but we know that there's a safety net.
Edgework is precisely what extreme weather is. A winter storm — or any storm, really — approximates this thrill. It's powerful and even dangerous. But safely settled inside and in front of our computer screens, we don't think it will really hurt us. The power might go out, but then we would be able to share a picture of a car buried in a snowdrift. And then, soon, it will be over. You will have had the thrill, and you might have gained control over it by capturing a moment of “danger”， but in all, it seems a relatively minor risk. We satisfy our inner risk seeker without going into dangerous territory.
As for the people on the West Coast who followed the winter storm Juno in 2015 as eagerly as any New Yorker or Bostonian, risk can well be experienced vicariously (代理地). We stay glued to forecasts of gloom and doom for the same reason we watch the latest X Games. They capture our attention and emotion. The media know this all too well. There is one major exception: those who suffered an extreme weather catastrophe in the past. We learn differently from description than from experience. If you were in a record-breaking storm in the past and nothing bad happened, you will likely dismiss the current danger. But if you experienced a major loss — the destruction of a house, say, or a multiweek-long loss of power — you likely won't do much rubbernecking this time. Unlike everyone else, you realize the danger
probably isn't worth massive media coverage.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。人们聊天时往往从天气开始，电视上天气预报节目有着很高的收视率，且人们对和风暴有关的恶劣天气着迷。这是为什么呢？
3．Which of the following is TRUE about edgework mentioned in the passage? A．People won't take any risk without consideration.
B．Taking risks has been a type of lifestyle in people's life. C．People tend to expect the arrival of extreme weather. D．Facing danger can satisfy people's inner desire for risk.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，我们喜欢危险的事物，但我们也知道自己是安全的，接着第三段对此进行进一步的论证。故选A项。
4．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Evolution of human beings weakens people's awareness of taking risks. B．People who once suffered from storms show less curiosity about them. C．The contents from the media lead to people being addicted to the danger. D．People on the West Coast with New Yorkers went through the winter storm Juno. 解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There is one major exception: those who suffered an extreme weather ... But if you experienced a major loss ... you likely won't do much rubbernecking this time.”可知，那些真正经历过恶劣天气并遭受损失的人是不太会再关注这样的天气的。故B项正确。
5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Why we love superstorms
B．How extreme weather influences our life C．Why people like taking risks D．How we deal with weather forecasts
解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文作者主要分析了人们喜欢关注与风暴有关的恶劣天气的原因。故选A项。
C
(2017·江苏省高三六校联考)One hundred years ago, “Colored” was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for “Negro”. By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by “Black”. And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that “African American” was the term to welcome. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as “Italian Americans” and “Irish Americans”， that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.
A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term “Black” carried connotations (含义) that were more negative than those of “African American”．
But if it was known that “Black” people were viewed differently from “African Americans”， researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that “Black” people are viewed more negatively than “African Americans” because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result, “Black” people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.
The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discrimination permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a CV, it appears, can tap into recruiters' (招聘人员的) discrimination. A job application might mention affiliations (关系) with groups such as the “Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers” or the “National Black Employees Association”， the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.
In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as “African-American”， and another was told he was “Black”. With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams' salary, professional standing, and educational background.
The “African-American” group estimated that he earned about $37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The “Black” group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $29,000, and guessed that he had only “some” college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.
Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use “African American”， though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois' original, idealistic hope: “It's not the name — it's_the_Thing_that_counts.”
语篇解读：本文探讨了非洲血统的美国人被称为“黑人”和“非裔美国人”时人们的不同态度。