This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday.
This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/who/that) we have often talked about.
We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。
注意：
1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for.（正） 这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking .（误）
The babies (whom/who/that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.（正）那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（误）
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that.关系代词是所有格时用whose.
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.（正） 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。 The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.（误）
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.（正）我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.（误）
3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。。
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大城市。
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life. 迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村生活的。
学位英语语法基础知识：关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
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Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。 The man (whom/who) you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film (which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
4.That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning？ 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。 5.Whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名科学家。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
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The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
学位英语语法基础知识：定语从句-定义及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有三个作用： A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，\是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
学位英语语法基础知识：宾语从句
（1）从属连词that.
如：He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。 I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.（that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。）对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
（2）从属连词if/whether.
如：I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。 I don't know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。 （3）Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。I'll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
（4）介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
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难点释疑：
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他已表明他不会屈服。
2.He is a good student except that he is careless. 他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
3.连词whether (?or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
4.宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。
I don't think you are right. 我认为你错了。
I don't believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。 I don't suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？ 5.宾语从句的时态变化规律：
（1）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
（2）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
学位英语语法基础知识：表语从句
1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that.
如：The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if.
如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday.
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这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。 如：It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词where, when, how, why.
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 难点释疑：
1.连词because可引导表语从句。
如：I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
学位英语语法基础知识：主语从句
1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.
如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。
（2）从属连词whether。如：Whether he'll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词where, when, how, why.如：
What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home-my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 难点释疑：
1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
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