电大行政管理学形成性考核册作业(3)

2019-02-16 18:10

complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revision, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and 必须正确处理好政府与社会、政府与市场、政府与企业、政府与事业单位、政府与社会组织以及政府与公民之间的关系。

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(1)正确处理政府与社会之间的关系。政府与社会之间的关系是政治学的核心问题,也是公共行政学研究的重要问题。管理的目的和宗旨都是为社会服务,任何背离这一根本价值的政府行为都必然削弱政府的合法性。因此,政府在社会中的作用应当定位在除了政府必须行使政治统治职能之外,社会管理职能是有限度的,政府只管理社会依靠自身力量无法解决的社会事务,而那些凡是社会能够进行自我管理的领域,政府放手让他们自己去管。这就要求政府不能垄断所有的社会权力,不能包揽所有的社会事务,必须分权给社会,否则政府就会既管不了,也管不好。

& g6 `* D# f5 | (2)正确处理政府与市场之间的关系。政府与市场之间的关系是政府与社会之间的关系的重要内容。政府与市场在各自领域所起的作用是不能互相代替的。市场是以利润为基础的,它在资源配置方面优于政府;政府是以权力为基础的,它在规范市场和公平方面优于市场。政府对市场的管理是依法管理,是宏观控制和间接管理,是按市场规律进行管理,是低限度的干预。同时,政府必须弥补市场的失效,不能经常用行政手段去干预市场,否则,社会主义市场经济就不可能建立起来。

(3)正确处理政府与企业之间的关系。社会主义市场经济必须要求企业作为独立法人资格进入市场,面对激烈的市场竞争,企业必须有灵活的应变能力,要有自主权和自决权。政府除了管理国有资产的保值增值之外,其他的权力都应该归还给企业。政府与企业分开,政府不再扮演企业经营者的角色,有利于廉政建设。政府一般不直接从事以赢利为目的生产经营活动,因为行政权力进入市场是没有竞争对手的,必然造成垄断。

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(4)正确处理政府与事业单位之间的关系。事业单位是我国比较特殊的现象,这些年来,政府对它们进行了改革。在我国除了确保基础教育和基础科学研究之外,其余的都可以走入市场。事业单位面临的老大难问题是单位制。就是单位办社会。现在必须进行改革,不改革就没有出路。随着我国社会保障制度的建立,这些问题将会逐步得到解决。

+ O- ^. k( h$ E; Q' (5)正确处理政府与社会组织之间的关系。这里所说的社会组织是指除了企事业单位之外的其他社会组织。在改革开放之后,这类社会组织发展很快,在社会中的作用也越来越大,能够减轻政府的负担。许多政府管不了也管不好的社会事务都由它们承担。它们是社会自组、自助、自理的组织。尤其是社会中介组织,起着沟通与桥梁的作用。既减轻了政府的负担,又方便了公众。政府放手让中介组织承担一些社会责任。这些社会组织虽经授权有行政管理职能,但它们并不是政府,也不是变相的政府。

(6)、正确处理政府与公民的关系。在任何社会中,政府为公民提供服务,公民离不开政府。尤其是现代社会,许多事情公民更无法离开政府,必须靠政府予以解决或给予帮助。但政府对公民的责任是有限的,不能像在全能政府条件下,政府包揽一切事务,政府必须摆脱那些不应该由其管理的而应该由公民自理的事情,只有那些确实依靠自身力量不能解决的,不能自理自立的,政府应该给予帮助。政府不能对公民负责一切,公民也不能事事依赖政府。政府责任有限,公民必须自立自理。

complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revsion, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and 2、如何理解行政领导责任和其职位、行政职权是统一的?期末复习31

- Z+ a& @) P' ]- Z% x答:首先,行政领导者要有行政职位,即行政领导者在国家行政机关所处的法律地位和担任的行政领导职务,这是行政领导者行使职权、履行责任的前提。其次,行政领导者要有行政职权,即来自于行政职位的权力,它是行政职位所具有的一种由法律规定的权力,是行政领导者履行责任的必要依据。第三,行政领导者要履行行政领导责任:行政领导者在国家行政机关中处于一定的职位,具有一定的职权,就要承担国家所委托的一定工作任务,并对国家负有责任,这就是行政领导者的行政领导责任。

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作为领导者,责任是第一位,权力是第二位的,权力是尽责的手段,责任才是行政领导的真正属性。行政领导者决不仅仅是掌权者、管人者,而首先要对自己的本职工作负责,忠实于自己的责任,以工作成绩和贡献表明自己的责任心,表明自己对工作的胜任,否则,就不是一个称职的行政领导者。行政领导者履行责任,完成工作任务,也是对国家应当承担的一种义务,对渎职、失职和不称职的行政领导者要追究其责任,并做出必要的处理,在行政领导者中树立起责任观念。

公共行政学作业3

一、名词解释

* @- V, S9 F2 \\9 N1.行政诉讼管辖:是确定各级人民法院之间以及同级人民法院之间的权限划分。在级别管辖问题上,着重于中级人民法院的管辖范围;一般地域管辖以最初作出具体行政行为的行政机关所在地为标准,特殊地域管辖涉及不动产、限制人身自由、复议改变原具体行政行为三个方面;人民法院裁定的管辖有移送管辖、指定管辖和管辖权转移三种。P296 2.招标性采购:274

3.标杆管理:是指公共组织通过瞄准竞争的高目标,不断超越自己,超越标杆,追求卓越,成为强中之强的组织创新和流程再造的过程。标杆瞄准的类型有内部标杆瞄准、外部竞争对手标杆瞄准、行业内部标杆瞄准、跨行业标杆瞄准、内外部综合标杆瞄准。P320

6 k& F. N 4.行政诉讼。294二、单项选择题

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1.整个行政执行过程中最具实质意义的、最为关键的阶段是( C )。 A.协调阶段 B.总结阶段 B.实施阶段 D.准备阶段

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2.对具有公务员身份的中国共产党党员的案件,需要给予处分的,由( D )给予处分。

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7 x+ T* I\, g; U1 q. { A.检察机关 B.行政监察机关

* u) x9 m0 X/ p0 C.党的纪律检查机关 D.党的纪律检查机关和行政监察机关 3.国家预算中占主导地位的是( A )。 A.中央预算 B.县级预算 C.省级预算 n市级预算

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complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revision, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and 4.根据《立法法》,行政法规和规章应当在公布后的( B )天内报有关部门备案。 A.15 B.30 C.45 D.60

5.批准是一种约束力较强的( A )监督方式。其内容包括:要求监督对象报送审批材料、审查和批准(含不批准)三个基本步骤。辅导书P51 A.事先 B.事中

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C.事后 D.全面

\6.从20世纪( C )年代开始,西方发达国家相继开始进行行政改革,然后许多发展中国家因为实行市场化也进行不同程度的行政改革。

A.50 B.60 C.70 D.80

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7.为了解决在实施决策的过程中出现的而一时又难以查清原因的问题的决策方案,称为 ( D )。 辅导书P40

, I\4 m# _2 f A.积极方案 B.追踪方案

b5 p; o! n/ |3 R C.应变方案 D.临时方案

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8.行政决策体制的核心( D )。

A.信息支持系统 B.公民磋商与参与系统

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9.行政评估准备阶段,评估工作的第一步是( D )。 A.明确评估目的 B.选择评估标准

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C.培训工作人员 D.确定评估对象

10.平行沟通是一种同级部门或同事之间的信息沟通,亦称 ( A )。 A.横向沟通 B.纵向沟通 C.无反馈沟通 D.网上沟通

, l+ }6 }- s& `2 j4 三、多项选择题

' t! U* r! l0 L7 t0 @1.按照行政计划的主体划分,行政计划的类型可以分为( ABD )。 A.地方计划 B.中央计划 C国防计划 D.基层计划 E.资源计划

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2.按照税收的征收办法或税额的确定方法,可分为( BD )。 A.印花税 B.定率税 C.房产税 D.配赋税 E.耕地占用税

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3.行政复议的合法性审查包括( ABCD )。

E( }' L\ e5 D A.法定依据的审查 B.滥用职权的审查 C.法定程序的审查 D.法定权限的审查 E.权力腐败的审查

4.从决策对象的结构性程度来讲,行政决策可以分为( AB )。

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complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revsion, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and A.程序性决策 B.非程序性决策 C.理性决策 D.科学决策 E.直觉决策

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1 ?1 T! [6 | 2 ]5.工作控制是对具体执行工作的各方面的控制,它包括( ABCDE )。 A.计划控制 B.标准控制 C.程序控制 D.成本控制 E.质量控制 四、简答题

1.行政决策程序应该包括哪些步骤?期末复习40

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答: (1)、认识问题,界定问题,找出差距; (2)、确定决策目标;

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(3)、确定决策标准,确定每个标准的权重; (4)、拟定决策方案; (5)、分析方案;

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(6)、选择方案;

(7)、实施决策方案,完善决策; (8)、评估决策。

2.简述测定行政效率的标准。期末复习60

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答:(1)测定行政效率的量的标准; (2)测定行政效率的质的标准; (3)测定行政效率的社会效益标准; (4)测定行政效率的规范性标准。 五、论述题

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1.试述行政协调的作用主要体现在哪些方面?期末复习44

答:行政协调是指调整行政系统内各机构之间、人员之间、行政运行各环节之间的关系,以及行政系统与行政环境之间的关系,以提高行政效能,实现行政目标的行为。 行政协调的作用主要体现在:

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(1)、行政协调可以使各行政部门和行政人员在工作上密切配合,和谐一致,避免内耗和互相冲突,从而达到齐心协力、团结一致的目的。现代行政既要求高度的专业分工,又要求高度的协作配合。

(2)、行政协调可以促进各行政部门合理配置和有效利用人力、物力、财力和时间等行政资源,精简和优化办事程序和环节,提高行政效率。在行政执行过程中,可供利用的人力、物力、财力和时间等行政资源都是有限的。如果行政部门之间互设关卡,推诿扯皮,必然会造成人力、物力、财力和时间的巨大浪费,造成工作过程的重复或脱节,从而延误工作的进程,降低工作效率。

complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revision, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and (3)、行政协调有助于各行政部门和行政人员树立整体观念和全局观念,并从整体和全局立场出发,充分认识本职工作的意义,努力完成本职工作,从而有利于公共行政管理活动的有序进行。公共行政管理活动应当是一个有序的过程,各项工作环环相扣,相互制约,因此,所有行政机关和行政人员必须做到放眼全局,搞好本职工作。

\ (4)、行政协调有助于将分散的力量集中起来,使每个部门和个人的努力成为集体的努力,单独的行动成为合作的行动,从而产生整体的“合力”。搞好公共行政管理,离不开每个部门和个人的努力,行政协调正是行政合力赖以形成的重要基础和源泉。

2.你认为应从哪些方面理解行政改革?期末复习62

答:行政改革是指政府为了适应社会环境,或者高效公平地处理社会公共事务,调整内部体制和组织结构,重新进行权力配置,并调整政府与社会之间关系的过程。

' N7 ?5 {5 A- l2 s( i6 c 理解行政改革,应注意:

(1)行政改革是个政治过程。行政体制是政治体制的组成部分,政治决定行政。在西方发达国家,行政也必须从属于国家政治的要求,在我国政治与行政更是密不可分。因此,行政改革过程不是纯技术实施的过程,政治的各种因素决定了行政改革的复杂性。 (2)行政改革的目的是为了适应社会环境,提高行政效率,高效公平地处理社会公共事务。公共组织与社会环境是输出输入的关系,两者必须保持动态平衡。行政改革以适应社会环境为取向意味着公共组织必须适应社会变迁,它的组织结构、规章制度和运行方式必须随着社会变化而变化,但行政改革不是消极地适应社会环境的变化,而是积极而高效地管理社会公共事务。行政改革要注意行政效率问题,同时又不能忽视社会公平和公众利益的实现程度。

(3)行政改革必须改革内部体制和组织机构,重新配置行政权力。行政改革要对行政权力体制、行政领导体制、行政区划体制、组织机构、人事制度等进行改革,它是一个系统工程。因此,行政改革应该进行科学地论证,严密地计划,强有力地组织,有步骤、有重点地开展,而不能盲目进行。

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(4)行政改革必须正确处理政府与社会之间的关系。政府必须不断地调整与社会的关系,界定自己在社会中的角色,必须对政府的行政权的行使的范围、程度和方式进行调整。从总的发展趋势来看,政府的行政权对社会的干预逐步减少,社会的自主权和自治权越来越多,社会团体和非营利组织以及市场的作用越来越大。但政府必须对社会进行干预,无政府主义是不可取的。

complete temporary tasks assigned by the Manager. Second, characteristic functions 1, according to the company, \bility of three\quirements of the management system, responsible for \bility of three\nd the formulation of major rules and regulations, and is responsible for training, implementation, inspection and guide its operation; 2, the company responsible for the Department (workshop) annual and monthly economic responsibility economic responsibility system and various special formulation, revsion, inspection, evaluation, internal evaluation, summary, approved and communicated, audits, surveys, feedback from senior Department assessment; 3, responsible for the company's long-term plan, annual plan of work; 4, is responsible for the company's monthly operating conditions analysis and monthly focus assessment focus; 5 rules and regulations, the company responsible for the development, examination, inspection and training, Discovery Manager. 10 quality accidents of work, the company responsible for the Department of investigation, judge, processing, analysis, summary and reporting; 11, and is responsible for implement implementation implementation national of financial system, and financial discipline, according to company \bility three of\s, developed company financial management and financial supervision system (including funds costs approval system, and borrowing approval system, and settlement system cash management system,), by Manager approved Hou seriously organization implementation, and implementation, and


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