ξ P
∴E???100?-100 900 9900 990 100011 16001 320990111495?900??9900??? ?????????100016003208?12分
18.(本小题满分12分)
如图,四边形ABCD中(图1),E是BC的中点,DB?2,DCDACDC?1,BC?5,AB?AD?2.将(图1)沿直线BD折起,使二面角A?BD?C为60(如图2) (1)求证:AE?平面BDC; (2)求二面角A—DC—B的余弦值。 18.解:
(1) 如图取BD中点M,连接AM,ME。∵AB?AD?2220AEEB图1B图22.?AM?BD
∵DB?2,DC?1,BC?5 ?DB?DC?BC,
所以?BCD是BC为斜边的直角三角形,BD?DC, ∵E是BC的中点,∴ME为?BCD的中位线ME//1CD , 2?ME?BD,ME?1 20 ??AME是二面角A?BD?C的平面角??AME=60 ??????????3分
?AM?BD,ME?BD且AM、ME是平面AME内两相交于M的直线
?BD?平面AEM?AE?平面AEM?BD?AE
∵AB?AD?2.,DB?2??ABD为等腰直角三角形?AM?1BD?1, 2
AE2?AM2?ME2?2AM?ME?cos?AME?1?1133?2?1??cos60???AE?4242?AE2?ME2?1?AM2?AE?ME(2)如图,以M为原点MB为x轴,ME为y轴,建立空间直角坐标系M?xyz, 则由(1)及已知条件可知B(1,0,0),E(0,
?BD?ME,BD?平面BDC,ME?面BDC?AE?平面BDC ??????6分
1,0), 213A(0,,),D(?1,0,0),C(?1,1,0),
22133DA?(1,,),DC?(0,1,0), AE?(0,0,?) ???????8分
222设平面ACD的法向量为n?(x,y,z)
?13?n?DA?0?z?0?x?y?则? ? ?22??y?0?n?DC?0?令x?3,则z??2?n?(3,0,?2)又?AE?平面BDC?AE为平面BDC的法向量设平面BDC与平面ADC所成的角为?,则cos??n?AEn?AE?37?32?277??????????12分
19. (本小题满分12分) 已知数列?an?满足a1????????????10分
1?a1?a2?????an??an?1(1)求数列?an?的通项公式an;
1(2)当??时,数列?an?中是否存在三项构成等差数列,若存在,求出来; 3若不存在,请说明理由解:由题意 1?a1?a2?????an??an?1?0 ① 1?a1?a2?????an?an?1??an?2?0 ② 由②-①得(1??)an?1??an?2?0,又??0,???1,n?N*
1??an?1,故数列?an?从第二项开始为等比数列??????????3分 ∴an?2??1?a11?将n?1代入①式,1?a1??a2?0,a2? ?7?11??n?2() ∴n?2时,an?7???6?,n?1??7∴数列?an?的通项an??
11???()n?2,n?2??7?? ??????????6分
6, 7?0,(??0,???1,n?N*),
?6?,n?1?1?7(2)??? ∴an??
33??4n?2,n?2??7 ∵假设存在任意三项am,ak,ap成等差数列 ①不防设当m?k?p?2
?当n?2时,数列?an?单调递增,?2ak?am?ap333?2?()?4k?2??4m?2??4p?2777?2?4k?p?4m?p?1由上式知:左边?偶数?右边?奇数?当n?2时,数列?an?不存在三项成等差数列??????????9分
②假设存在成等差数列的三项中包含a1时
不妨设m?1,k?p?2且ak?ap(?当n?2时,an?a1)
?2ap?a1?ak3632?()?4p?2???()?4k?2777?2?4p?2??2?4k?2∴?2(2p?3)?22(k?2)?2
?k?p?2?当且仅当k?3,p?2时成立?数列?an?存在a1,a2,a3或a3,a2,a1成等差数列?????????12分
20.(本小题满分13分)
设不在y轴负半轴的动点P到F(0,1)的距离比到x轴的距离大1 (1)求P的轨迹M的方程;
(2)过F做一条直线l交轨迹M于A,B两点,过A,B做切线交于N点,再过A,B做y??1的垂线,垂足为C,D,若S?ACN?S?ANB?2S?BDN,求此时点N的坐标.
解:(1)设动点P的坐标为(x,y)?PF?y?1 ?x?(y?1)?y?122y
B ?P的轨迹M的方程x2?4y(2)由题意知直线l的斜率存在设为k,A C O N D x ?x2?4y???y?kx?1?x2?4kx?4?0,设A(x1y1)B(x2y2)?x1?x2?4k,x1?x2??4?x2?4y?y'??y'?x1,y'2x2?
x2x?x1x?x222x1x?过A的切线方程为y??1(x?x1)42xx同理过B的切线方程为y?2?2(x?x2)42????????6分
设N点坐标为(a,b)则
x1,x2是方程x2?2ax?4b?0的两根?x1?x2?2a?4k,x1?x2??4?b??1??????????8分
由(1)知x1?x2?4k,所以N为线段CD的中点,取线段AB的中点E, ∵F是抛物线的焦点,∴AF?AC,BF?BD,∴AC?BD?AB, ∴S?ANB?S?ANE?S?BNE?111EN?CN?EN?DN?EN?(CN?DN) 222AC?BDAB?CN, ?EN?CN??CN?22AC?CNAF?CN,BD?DNBF?CN, ?S?BDN??2222又?S?ACN??S?ACN?S?ANB?2S?BDN
AF?CNAB?CNBF?CN∴,即2BF?AF?AB ??????????11分 ??2?222即2(x2?0)?(0?x1)?(x2?x1),所以x2?2x1?2x2,x2??2x1,
∴x1?x2??2x1??4?x1??2,
222 2当x1??2时,x2?22?a?22∴所求点N的坐标为(?,?1)??????????13分
2当x1?2时,x2??22?a??21.(本小题满分14分)设函数f(x)?x?sinx数列?an?满足0?a1?1,an?1?f(an)(1)证明:函数f(x)在(0,1)是增函数; (2)求证:0?an?1?an?1
(3)若a1?12,求证:an?n(n?2,n?N*)
22证明:(1)∵x?(0,1)时,∴f'(x)?1?cosx?0恒成立, ∴函数f(x)在(0,1)是增函数;??????????3分 (2)?a2?f(a1)?a1?sina1?a2?a1??sina1又?0?a1?1,?a2?a1,?0?x?,?sinx?x恒成立2?a2?a1?sina1?0?0?a2?a1?1下面用数学归纳法进行证明:???????????5分
① 当n=1时0?a1?a2?1 命题成立
② 假设当n=k时命题成立,即0?ak?1?ak?1
?0?f(0)?f(x)?f(1)?1?sin1?1 恒成立??????????8分
?f(0)?f(ak?1)?f(ak)?f(1),即0?ak?2?ak?1?1?sin1?1?当n?k?1时命题成立根据①②可知对于任意n?N*命题均成立
2
?3?证法一:先证明an?12a?n2aa?an?1?n?an?sinan?n,an?(0,1)22
2x2令?(x)?x?sinx?,x?(0,1).则?('x)??x?1?cosx2令g(x)??'(x)??x?cosx?1,0?x?1?g'(x)??1?sinx?0?g(x)在(0,1)上单调递减,即?‘(x)在(0,1)上单调递减又?0?x?1??'(x)??'(0)?0??(x)在(0,1)上单调递减又?0?x?1??(x)??(0)?0恒成立又?0?an?1a??(an)?0,即an?sinan?n22an?an?1?221再证明a1?时,an?n222anaa由an?1??n?1?n2an2又?an?an?1?an?2???a2∵
?02?a1naaaaaaaaaaa1当n?2时,an?a1?2?3?n?a1?1?23??a1?1?11?1?na1a2an?122222222?1?2?1???2?1??n?1??2?22n?12n1?an?n2??????????14分
n?1证法二:利用数学归纳法和当x?(0,)时,y?sinx?x单调递增?ak?1?f(ak)?621ak?sinak?ak2