Module5
⊕liquid n. a substance that is not a solid or a gas, for example water or milk液体 Eg. Add a little more liquid to the sauce.
Boil for 20 minutes until the liquid has reduced by half. ⊕expand vi. to make sth. become larger 膨胀
Eg. Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as expected. Water expands as it freezes.
⊕contract vi. to become smaller or narrower 收缩;缩小；缩短 Eg. Metal contracts as it cools.
The economy has contracted by 2.5% since last year.
⊕substance n. a type of solid, liquid or gas that has particular qualities 物质 Eg. The leaves were covered with stranger sticky substance.
Police found an illegal substance in his car.
⊕mixture n. a combination of substances that are put together but do not mix with each other 混合物; 混合；混合体
Eg. The town is a mixture of the old and the new. She felt a strange mixture of excitement and fear.
⊕oxygen n. a colorless gas that exists in large quantities in the air. All plants and animals need oxygen in order to live. 氧气 Eg. · Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.
Water can be reduced to oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis.
⊕electricity n. the power that is carried by wires, cables etc, and is used to provide light or heat, to make machines work etc电
Eg. The farm was very isolated, but it had electricity.
We moved into a cabin with electricity but no running water.
⊕stage n. a particular time or state that something reaches as it grows or develops时期；阶段
Eg. We’re getting to the stage where we hardly ever go out together. It’s a good move at this stage in his career.
⊕conclusion n. something you decide after considering all the information you have结论 Eg. These are the report’s main conclusions.
It is still too early to reach a conclusion on this point.
There are perhaps two main conclusions to be drawn from the above discussion. ⊕aim n. something you hope to achieve by doing something目标，目的，意图 Eg. The main aim of the course is to improve your writing. Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.
⊕reaction n. what you do, say or think as a result of sth that has happened反应；回应 Eg. What was his reaction to the news?
My immediate reaction was one of shock.
⊕electrical adj. relating to electricity or using electricity与电有关的; 用电的 Eg. The fire was caused by an electrical fault.
⊕equipment n. the tools, machines etc that you need to do a particular job or activity装备;设备 Eg. A lot of money was spent on the equipment of the new hospital. Make sure all equipment is properly labeled.
⊕react vi. To change or behave in a particular way as a result of or in response to sth.反应
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Eg. The calcium reacts with sulphur in the atmosphere.
Calcium reacts with water but less violently than sodium and potassium do. ⊕boil vt. to cook something in boiling water煮; 煮沸 Eg. Put the spaghetti into plenty of boiling salted water. We were advised to boil the water before drinking it.
⊕ordinary adj. average, common, or usual, not different or special普通的; 平常的 Eg. Art should be part of ordinary life.
It is good because it is written in friendly, ordinary language.
⊕steam n. the hot mist that water produces when it is boiled蒸汽，水气 Eg. Steam rose from the hot tub. The engines are driven by steam.
⊕form vi. to start to exist, or make something start to exist, especially as the result of a natural process形成
Eg. By midnight ice was already forming on the roads.
Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide combine to form acid rain.
⊕balance n. a situation in which different things exist in equal or correct amounts均衡；平衡 Eg. Try to keep a balance between work and play. Pesticides seriously upset the balance of nature.
⊕lecture n. a talk that is given to a group of people to teach them about a particular subject, often as part of a university or college course演讲； 讲座；讲课 Eg. He left during the lecture
The room emptied rapidly after the lecture.
⊕department n. one of the groups of people who work together in a particular part of a large organization such as a hospital, university, company, or government科，系，处，部 Eg. He moved to the sales department.
The department offers four specialities.
⊕facility n a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry设备；工具
Eg. The hotel has special facilities for welcoming disabled people. What recreational facilities are now available?
⊕astonished adj. very surprised about something吃惊的，惊愕的
Eg. We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. I was astonished by the result.
I’m astonished that you should even think such a thing! Module6
⊕contain vt. if something such as a bag, box, or place contains something, that thing is inside it包含；容纳；装盛
Eg. The thieves stole a purse containing bank-notes. The museum contains a number of original artworks.
⊕access n. the way you use to enter a building or reach a place通路;接近 Eg. Access is by means of a small door on the right. Access to the restrooms is through the foyer.
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⊕crash vi. If a computer or a computer program crashes, it fails suddenly. (计算机或系统) 崩溃 Eg. The computer crashed for the second time in 10 days.
The system crashed and I lost three hours’ worth of work.
⊕keyword n. a word that you type into a computer so that it will search for that word on the Internet秘密；口令;关键词
Eg. You can find the site by entering the keyword “Quark”. ⊕log vt. to put information in an official record记录； to allow sb to begin using a computer system登录 Eg. The police log all phone calls.
The system is unable to log you on.
⊕software n. the sets of programs that tell a computer how to do a particular job软件 Eg. She loaded the new software .
The company deals in both hardware and software.
⊕breakdown n. an occasion when a vehicle or machine stops working 故障
Eg. Always carry a phone with you in case you have a breakdown on the motorway. Her old car was unreliable, so the trip was plagued by the breakdown. ⊕source n. a place, person or thing that you get sth from 来源；出处 Eg. Your local library will be a useful source of information. What’s your main source of income?
⊕accessible adj. a place, building, or object that is accessible is easy to reach or get into; something that is easy to use可进入的；可使用的
Eg. There is a church which is easily accessible from my home.
Computers should be made readily accessible to teachers and pupils. ⊕data n. information or facts(复)数据
Eg. The research involves collecting data from two random samples. It’s possible to store a lot more data on a DVD.
⊕defence n. the act of protecting something or someone from attack 保护；防卫 Eg. The first line of defence is a smoke detector.
In Britain, the defence of the country has historically been left to the navy.
⊕create vt. to make something exist that did not exist before or to invent or design something创造； 发明
Eg. Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion. This dish was created by our chef Jean Richard.
⊕network n. a system of lines, tubes, wires, roads etc that cross each other and are connected to each other网络
Eg. I want to upload data to the computer network storage from my office computer. It’s important to build up a network of professional contacts.
⊕percentage n. an amount expressed as if it is part of a total which is 100百分比;百分率 Eg. Interest rates fell by percentage points
The percentage of school leavers that go to university is about five per cent. ⊕ design vt. to make a drawing or plan of something that will be made or built设计 Eg. The tower was designed by Gilbert Scott. She designed a new logo for the company.
⊕document n. a piece of paper that has official information on it文件
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Eg. When you are finished typing, remember to save your document. This document includes many articles.
⊕invention n. a useful machine, tool, instrument etc that has been invented or the act of inventing something发明
Eg. The dishwasher is a wonderful invention.
The invention of the computer has revolutionized the business world.
⊕permission n. If someone who has authority over you gives you permission to do something, they say that they will allow you to do it. 许可 Eg. He asked permission to leave the room.
They cannot leave the country without permission.
⊕military adj. connected with soldiers or the armed forces 军事的；军队的 Eg. We may have to take military action.
The United States is prepared to use military force to achieve its aims.
⊕concentrate vi. to think very carefully about something that you are doing集中(注意力、思想 等）
Eg. Adrian was finding it difficult to concentrate. Be quiet – let me concentrate on my homework. ⊕definite adj. clearly known, seen, or stated 明确的 Eg. It’s impossible for me to give you a definite answer.
He had shown definite sign of resigning himself to the situation. ⊕fantastic adj. extremely good, attractive, enjoyable etc极好的; 美妙的 Eg. You look fantastic!
It’s a fantastic place, really beautiful! ⊕independent adj. not governed or controlled by another country or organization; confident and able to do things by yourself in your own way独立的
Eg. We need a central bank that is independent of the government. I quite like living alone. It’s made me more independent.
⊕essay n. an essay is a short piece of writing on a particular subject 文章 Eg. He got a good grade for his English essay.
We asked Jason to write an essay about his hometown. ⊕pass vt. to go past a particular number or amount 超过
Eg. They became the first company in their field to pass the $2 billion turn-over mark. Contributions to the disaster fund have already passed the $2 million mark. ⊕frequently adv. very often or many times时常；经常 Eg. He was frequently drunk.
The actor needed to be prompted frequently.
⊕disadvantage n. something that causes problems, or that makes someone or something less likely to be successful or effective不利条件；缺点；劣势
Eg. The disadvantage of the material is that it fades in strong sunlight.
There are some big disadvantages to marriage – you do lose a lot of your freedom.
⊕average adj. the average amount is the amount you get when you add together several quantities and divide this by the total number of quantities平均的
Eg. The average cost of making a movie has risen by 15%. The cars were being sold at an average price of $11,000.
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⊕statistics n.a collection of numbers which represent facts or measurements(复）统计数字 Eg. Statistics show that35% of new businesses failed in their first year. Statistics on illness are used in planning health care.
⊕shorten vt. to become shorter or make something shorter缩短 Eg. His name is often shortened to Pat. Smoking can shorten your life.
Module1
⊕academic
那位作者已确定采用更为学术的方法。
不同的学校有不同的教学计划，从高度学术的到普通职业教育的，不一而足。 ⊕province
对这种不幸境况负有直接责任的人是该省的省长。 铁路网已遍布全省. ⊕enthusiastic
教师们很热情并且很有决心 观众热情高涨。 ⊕amazing
大自然最让人惊叹的是它的无限多样性。
这个小国家拥有令人惊叹的丰富的地貌类型。 ⊕information
帕特拒绝向她提供任何关于萨拉的消息。 每个中心都会提供技术与培训方面的信息。 ⊕website
欲知详情，请访问我们的网站www.cobuild.collins.co.uk。 我在他们的网站上发现了这一信息。 ⊕brilliant
如果你有机会去看那个演出，你一定要去——棒极了！ 我的姐姐给了我这本非常好看的书。 ⊕comprehension
我无法理解乔克的所作所为。 这个问题 超出 我的理解力. ⊕instruction
他对老师的教导塞耳不闻.
应当不折不扣地执行这个指示. ⊕method
借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法，他获得了成功。 她认定搭便车是自己最好的逃跑方法。 ⊕bored
我开始对这整件事情感到非常厌倦。
结婚16年后，他们已经渐渐彼此厌倦了。 ⊕embarrassed
我认为整个场面让她极其尴尬。
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