3. \In the ceremonies of mourning, it is better that there be deep sorrow than a minute attention to observances.\
Chapter 5
子曰：“夷狄之有君，不如諸夏之亡也。”
The anarchy of Confucius's time. The Master said, \rude tribes of the east and north have their princes, and are not like the States of our great land which are without them.\
Chapter 6
季氏旅於泰山。
子謂冉有曰：“女弗能救與？” 對曰：“不能。” 子曰：“嗚呼！曾謂泰山不如林放乎？”
On the folly of usurped sacrifices.
The chief of the Ch? family was about to sacrifice to the T'ai mountain. The Master said to Zan Y?, \you not save him from this?\He answered, \'ai mountain is not so discerning as Lin Fang?\
Chapter 7
子曰：“君子無所爭，必也射乎！揖讓而升，下而飲。其爭也君子。” The superior man avoids all contentious striving.
The Master said, \student of virtue has no contentions. If it be said he cannot avoid them, shall this be in archery? But he bows complaisantly to his competitors; thus he ascends the hall, descends, and exacts the forfeit of drinking. In his contention, he is still the Chün-tsze.\
Chapter 8
子夏問曰：“‘巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮，素以爲絢兮。’何謂也？” 子曰：“繪事後素。” 曰：“禮後乎？”
子曰：“起予者商也！始可與言詩已矣。”
Ceremonies are secondary and merely ornamental.
1. Tsze-hsia asked, saying, \-- 'The pretty dimples of her artful smile! The well-defined black and white of her eye! The plain ground for the colors?'\
2. The Master said, \preparation of) the plain ground.\
3. \then are a subsequent thing?\The Master said, \is Shang who can bring out my meaning. Now I can begin to talk about the odes with him.\
Chapter 9
子曰：“夏禮，吾能言之，杞不足徵也。殷禮，吾能言之，宋不足徵也。文獻不足故也。足，則吾能徵之矣。”
The decay of the monuments of antiquity.
The Master said, \but Ch? cannot sufficiently attest my words. I could describe the
ceremonies of the Yin dynasty, but Sung cannot sufficiently attest my words. (They cannot do so) because of the insufficiency of their records and wise men. If those were sufficient, I could adduce them in support of my words.\
Chapter 10
子曰：“禘，自旣灌而往者，吾不欲觀之矣。”
The sage's dissatisfaction at the want of propriety in ceremonies. The Master said, \libation, I have no wish to look on.\
Chapter 11
或問禘之說。子曰：“不知也。知其說者之於天下也，其如示諸斯乎！” 指其掌。
The profound meaning of the great sacrifice.
Some one asked the meaning of the great sacrifice. The Master said, \do not know. He who knew its meaning would find it as easy to govern the kingdom as to look on this\
Chapter 12
祭如在，祭神如神在。子曰：“吾不與祭，如不祭。”
Confucius's own sincerity in sacrificing.
1. He sacrificed to the dead, as if they were present. He sacrificed to the spirits, as if the spirits were present.
2. The Master said, \as if I did not sacrifice.\
Chapter 13
王孫賈問曰：“與其媚於奧，寧媚於竈，何謂也？”子曰：“不然！獲罪於天，無所禱也。”
That there is no resource against the consequences of violating the right. 1. Wang-sun Chia asked, saying, \is better to pay court to the furnace than to the southwest corner?'\2. The Master said, \whom he can pray.\
Chapter 14
子曰：“周監於二代，郁郁乎文哉！吾從周。”
The completeness and elegance of the institutions of the Chau dynasty. The Master said, \had the advantage of viewing the two past dynasties. How complete and elegant are its regulations! I follow Chau.\
Chapter 15
子入大廟，每事問。
或曰：“孰謂鄹人之子知禮乎？入大廟，每事問。” 子聞之，曰：“是禮也。”
Confucius in the grand temple. The Master, when he entered the grand temple, asked about everything. Some one said, \propriety! He has entered the grand temple and asks about everything.\The Master heard the remark, and said, \
Chapter 16
子曰：“射不主皮，爲力不同科，古之道也。”
How the ancients made archery a discipline of virtue.
The Master said, \is the principal thing;-- because people's strength is not equal. This was the old way.\
Chapter 17
子貢欲去告朔之餼羊。
子曰：“賜也！爾愛其羊，我愛其禮。”
How Confucius cleaved to ancient rites.
1. Tsze-kung wished to do away with the offering of a sheep connected with the inauguration of the first day of each month.
2. The Master said, \
Chapter 18
子曰：“事君盡禮，人以爲諂也。”
How the princes should be served:-- against the spirit of the times. The Master said, \full observance of the rules of propriety in serving one's prince is accounted by people to be flattery.\
Chapter 19
定公問：“君使臣，臣事君，如之何？” 孔子對曰：“君使臣以禮，臣事君以忠。”
The guiding principles in the relation of prince and minister.
The duke Ting asked how a prince should employ his ministers, and how ministers should serve their prince. Confucius replied, \prince should employ his minister according to according to the rules of propriety; ministers should serve their prince with faithfulness.\
Chapter 20
子曰：“《關睢》，樂而不淫，哀而不傷。”
The praise of the first of the odes.
The Master said, \licentious, and of grief without being hurtfully excessive.\
Chapter 21
哀公問“社”於宰我。
宰我對曰：“夏后氏以松，殷人以柏，周人以栗，曰，使民戰栗。” 子聞之，曰：“成事不說，遂事不諫，旣往不咎。”
A rash reply of Tsai Wo about the altars to the spirits of the land, and lament of Confucius thereon.
1. The duke ?i asked Tsai Wo about the altars of the spirits of the land. Tsai Wo replied, \ about them; the men of the Yin planted the cypress; and the men of the Chau planted the chestnut tree, meaning thereby to cause the people to be in awe.\