王林：不同改性粉煤灰对含铬废水吸附影响的研究
Different Chemical modi?cation of coal ?y ash for the removal of
chromium from aqueous solution
Abstract
Fly ash is a solid waste discharged by coal-fired power plants,A large amount of fly ash is accumulated in the ash field, is not only a waste of resources, but also on the surrounding environment and human health produced serious effect.And pollute the air, soil, groundwater and potential harm, for the economy and the environment will be affected [1], and the wastewater containing chromium is important one of industrial emissions of pollutants, common processing method has a biological treatment method, ion exchange method, chemical method, membrane separation, electrodialysis method, adsorption method [2]. The adsorption has a wide range of trial, simple operation, fast processing speed, good effect, simultaneously can recover useful materials, because in the sewage treatment process is very important in current sewage treatment has become one of the most popular methods, while searching for a low cost high efficiency adsorbent is a current research focus. Treatment of chromium containing wastewater by fly ash, is to treat waste environmental protection and economical means. Based on the previous powder coal ash adsorption of chromium containing wastewater by experiments at the same time, the impact of various factors analyzed, finally by various factors of orthogonal test, Obtain the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater optimal scheme..
The experiment is divided into two major groups: the single factor experiments part and orthogonal test part. On three groups of single factors are: the modified fly ash group, Hcl modified fly ash group, NaOH modified fly ash group. The orthogonal test was elected the best group of chromium-containing wastewater treatment; optimize the various effect conditions of the gradient experiment. Effects of conditions: chromium containing wastewater by pH, fly ash dosage, temperature, adsorption time.
The experiments showed that the treatments of chromium-containing wastewater optimal conditions are: the addition of 3gHcl modified fly ash, pH = 6, reaction conditions of 45 degrees30 minutes chromium removal rate reached99.2
Key words: chromium waste water；fly ash；single factor experiment；orthogonal test
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安徽工程大学毕业设计（论文）
目 录
摘 要 .................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 表格清单 ................................................................................................................................... V 插图清单 ................................................................................................................................. VI 引言 ..................................................................................................................................... - 1 - 第1章 绪论 ......................................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.1 课题研究的由来和意义 .............................................................................................. - 2 - 1.1.1 粉煤灰对环境与人体的危害 .............................................................................. - 2 - 1.1.2 含铬废水的由来和危害 ...................................................................................... - 3 - 1.2 文献综述 ...................................................................................................................... - 3 - 1.2.1 粉煤灰的来源与性质 .......................................................................................... - 3 - 1.2.2 粉煤灰的国内外利用现状 .................................................................................. - 4 - 1.2.3 含铬废水的处理现状 .......................................................................................... - 5 - 1.3 本课题研究的目的、意义和研究内容 ...................................................................... - 5 - 1.3.1 本课题研究的目的和意义 .................................................................................. - 5 - 1.3.2 课题研究的主要内容 .......................................................................................... - 6 - 第2章实验部分 ................................................................................................................... - 7 - 2.1 仪器和药品 .................................................................................................................. - 7 - 2.2 模拟废水的配制 .......................................................................................................... - 7 - 2.3 改性物质和改性方法的筛选 ...................................................................................... - 7 - 2.3.1 粉煤灰的筛选 ...................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.3.2 粉煤灰改性实验初选 .......................................................................................... - 8 - 2.4 实验方案 ...................................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.4.1 单因素实验方案 .................................................................................................. - 8 - 2.4.2 正交试验方案 ...................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.5 测定方法 ...................................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.5.1 吸光度的测定方法 .............................................................................................. - 8 - 2.5.2 显色剂的制配 ...................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.5.3 吸光度的测定 ...................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.5.4 计算方法 .............................................................................................................. - 9 - 第3章 实验结果及分析 ................................................................................................... - 10 - 3.1 铬的标准曲线 ............................................................................................................ - 10 - 3.2 PH对铬吸附的影响 ................................................................................................ - 10 - 3.3 温度对铬吸附的影响 ................................................................................................ - 12 - 3.4 粉煤灰投加量对铬吸附的影响 ................................................................................ - 14 - 3.5 铬的吸附平衡时间 .................................................................................................... - 15 -
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王林：不同改性粉煤灰对含铬废水吸附影响的研究
3.6 验证FREUDLIEH吸附等温线 ................................................................................... - 17 - 3.7 正交实验结果分析 .................................................................................................... - 19 - 3.7.1 极差分析 ............................................................................................................ - 19 - 3.7.2 方差分析 ............................................................................................................ - 19 - 结论和展望 ......................................................................................................................... - 21 - （一）实验结论............................................................................................................... - 21 - （二）展望 ....................................................................................................................... - 21 - 致谢 ................................................................................................................................... - 22 - 参考文献 ........................................................................................................................... - 23 - 附录1：题录 ...................................................................................................................... - 24 - 附录2：外文文献原文 ...................................................................................................... - 26 - 附录3：外文文献翻译 ...................................................................................................... - 39 -
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安徽工程大学毕业设计（论文）
表格清单
表2-1 药品清单 ................................................................................................................... - 7 - 表3-1 含铬废水标准曲线测定原始数据 ......................................................................... - 10 - 表 3-2 未改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ............................................. - 10 - 表 3-3 NAOH改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ..................................... - 11 - 表 3-4 HCL改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ......................................... - 11 - 表 3-5 未改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ............................................ - 12 - 表 3-6NAOH 改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 .................................... - 13 - 表 3-7 HCL改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ........................................ - 13 - 表 3-8 未改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ........................................ - 14 - 表 3-9 NAOH改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ................................ - 14 - 表 3-10 HCL改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 .................................. - 15 - 表 3-11 未改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 .......................... - 15 - 表 3-12 NAOH改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 .................. - 16 - 表 3-13 HCL改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响数据表 ...................... - 16 - 表3- 14验证FREUDLIEH表格 ....................................................................................... - 17 - 表3-15 正交实验极差统计量表 ....................................................................................... - 19 - 表3-16 正交实验单因素统计量表 ................................................................................... - 20 - 表3-17 正交实验方差分析结果表 ................................................................................... - 20 -
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王林：不同改性粉煤灰对含铬废水吸附影响的研究
插图清单
图 3-1 铬的标准曲线 ........................................................................................................ - 10 - 图 3-2 未改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ................................................. - 11 - 图 3-3 NAOH改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ......................................... - 11 - 图 3-4 HCL改性粉煤灰组PH对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ............................................. - 12 - 图 3-5未改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ................................................. - 12 - 图 3-6 NAOH改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ........................................ - 13 - 图 3-7 HCL改性粉煤灰组温度对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ............................................ - 13 - 图 3-8 未改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ............................................ - 14 - 图 3-9 NAOH改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 .................................... - 15 - 图 3-10 HCL改性粉煤灰组投加量对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ...................................... - 15 - 图 3-11 未改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 .............................. - 16 - 图 3-12 NAOH改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 ...................... - 16 - 图 3-13 HCL改性粉煤灰组吸附平衡时间对含铬废水吸附影响曲线 .......................... - 17 - 图3-14 验证FREUDLIEH方程 ....................................................................................... - 17 -
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