rehabilitation 再训练, 再培训
holidays, holiday, vacation 假期
labour costs, labour input 劳力成本
fluctuation of labour 劳力波动 (美作:of labor) worker 工作者
permanent worker 长期工, 固定工
personnel, staff 人员 employee 职员
clerk, office worker 办公室人员
salary earner 雇佣工人 workman 工人
organized labour 参加工会的工人
skilled worker 技术工人 unskilled worker 非技术工人 specialized worker 熟练工人 farm worker 农场工人 labourer worker 农业工人 day labourer 日工 seasonal worker 季节工 collaborator 合作者 foreman 工头
trainee, apprentice 学徒工 apprenticeship 学徒 artisan, craftsman 工匠 specialist 专家 night shift 夜班
shortage of labour, shortage of manpower 缺乏劳力 working class 工人阶级 proletarian 无产者 proletariat 无产阶级 trade union 工会 (美作:labor union)
trade unionist 工团主义者 trade unionism 工团主义 guild 行会,同会,公会
association, society, union 协会
emigration 移民,移居 employer 雇主,老板
shop steward (工厂的)工会代表 (美作:union delegate) delegate 代表 representative 代表 works council 劳资联合委员会
labour law 劳工法
working day, workday 工作日 full-time employment, full-time job, full-time work 全天工作 part-time employment, part-time job, part-time work 半日工作
working hours 工作时间 overtime 业余时间 remuneration 报酬 pay, wage, salary 工资 wage index 工资指数 minimum wage 最低工资 basic wage 基础工资 gross wages 全部收入 net, real wages 实际收入 hourly wages, wage rate per hour 计时工资 monthly wages 月工资 weekly wages 周工资 piecework wage 计件工资 maximum wage 最高工资 (美作:wage ceiling)
sliding scale 按物价计酬法 payment in kind 用实物付酬 daily wages 日工资 premium, bonus, extra pay 奖励
payday 发工资日, 付薪日 pay slip 工资单 payroll 薪水册
unemployment benefit 失业救济
old-age pension 退休金,养老金
collective agreement 工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议 retirement 退休
claims 要求 strike 罢工 striker 罢工者
go-slow 怠工(美作:slow-down) lockout 停工(业主为抵制工人的要求而停工)
staggered strike 阶段性罢工 strike picket 罢工纠察队员 strike pay 罢工津贴(由工会给的)
strikebreaker, blackleg 破坏罢工者
down tools, sit-down strike 静坐 demonstration, manifestation 示威 sanction 制裁 unemployment 失业 seasonal unemployment 季节性失业
underemployment 不充分就业
unemployed man 失业者(个人) the unemployed 失业者(集体) to discharge, to dismiss 辞退,开除,解雇
dismissal 开除,解雇
to terminate a contract 结束合同,结束契约 negotiation 谈判
collective bargaining 劳资双方就工资等问题谈判 receptionist 接待员 typist 打字员
key puncher 电脑操作员
stenographer 速记员 telephone operator 电话接线员
programmer 电脑程序员 system analyst 系统分析员 shorthand typist 速记打字员 office girl 女记事员 public servants 公务员 national public servant 国家公务员
local public service employee 地方公务员 nation railroad man 国营铁路职员
tracer 绘图员 illustrator 汇稿员 saleswoman 女店员 pilot 驾驶员
simultaneous 同时译员 publisher 出版人员
graphic designer 美术设计员 delivery boy 送报员 secretary 秘书 policeman 警察 journalist 记者 editor 编辑 interpreter 通译者 director 导演 talent 星探 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 photographer 摄影师 scholar 学者 translator 翻译家 novelist 小说家 playwright 剧作家 linguist 语言学家 botanist 植物学家 economist 经济学家 chemist 化学家 scientist 科学家 philosopher 哲学家 politician 政治学家 physicist 物理学家
astropologist 人类学家 archaeologist 考古学家 geologist 地质学家
expert on folklore 民俗学家 mathematician 数学家 biologist 生物学家 zoologist 动物学家 statistician 统计学家 physiologist 生理学家 futurologist 未来学家 artists 艺术家 painter 画家 musician 音乐家 composer 作曲家 singer 歌唱家 designer 设计家 sculptor 雕刻家 designer 服装设计师 fashion coordinator 时装调配师
dressmaker 女装裁剪师 cutter 裁剪师 sewer 裁缝师 tailor 西装师傅 beautician 美容师 model 模特 ballerina 芭蕾舞星 detective 刑警
chief of police 警察局长 taxi driver 出租车司机 clerk 店员 mailman 邮差 newspaper boy 报童 bootblack 擦鞋童 poet 诗人 copywriter 撰稿人 producer 制片人 newscaster 新闻评论人 milkman 送奶人 merchant 商人 florist 卖花人 baker 面包师 greengrocer 菜贩 fish-monger 鱼贩
butcher 肉贩 shoe-maker 鞋匠 saleswoman 女店员 stewardess 空中小姐 conductor 车掌 station agent 站长 porter 行李夫
car mechanic 汽车修理师 architect 建筑师 civil planner 城市设计师 civil engineer 土木技师 druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师 guide 导游 oil supplier 加油工
(public) health nurse 保健护士
dentist 牙科医生 supervisor 监工 forman 工头 doctor 医生 nurse 护士
雅思口语词汇：中国独特概念词 1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses） 八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao（cf. logo） 江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits' world） e.g. You can't control everything in a traits' world. (人在江湖，身不由己) 道 Daoism（Taoism） 上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism
红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on...
合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post's; guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）
国庆节 National Day 中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival
春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Children's Day
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
妇女节 Women's Day
泼水节 Water-Splashing Day
教师节 Teachers' Day 五四青年节 Youth Day 3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）
馄饨 wonton
锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)
花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 米粉 rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of
sugar-coated haws (or apples, etc.)
火锅 chafing dish
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice
pudding
粉丝 glass noodles
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）
中国电信 China Telecom 中国移动 China Mobile
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan
中国电脑联网 Chinanet 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
希望工程 Project Hope
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty
Project
菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project 安居工程 Economy Housing
Project
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign
5 、特有的一些汉语词汇 禅宗 Zen Buddhism
禅 dhyana; dhgaya 混沌 chaos
道 Daosim, the way and its power
四谛 Four Noble Truth
八正道 Eightfold Path
无常 anity
五行说 Theory of Five Elements 无我 anatman
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata 虚无 nothingness
双喜 double happiness(中), a doubled stroke of luck(英)
小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk
噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people; night-owls
本命年 this animal year of sb. 处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）
还愿 redeem a wish (vows) 6 、具有文化特色的现代表述 大陆中国 Mainland China
红宝书 little red book
红色中国 socialist China
四化 Four Modernizations
终生职业 job-for-life
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
大锅饭 communal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、
讲秩序、讲道德)：
the Five Merits focus on
decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、
环境美）：
the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）
宣纸 rice paper
衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius
牌楼 pailou；pai-loo
武术 wushu (Chinese Martial Arts)
功夫 kungfu; kung fu 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means) 中和 harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son
家长 family head
三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲
three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常：仁、义、理、智、信
five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity
八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to
support one in one?s old age 8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译
基层监督 grass-roots supervision
基础税率 base tariff level
婚介所 matrimonial agency 婚外恋 extramarital love
婚纱摄影 bride photo 黑心棉 shoddy cotton 机器阅卷 machine scoring 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
价格听证会 public price hearings
甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
家政服务 household management service 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel 矫情 use lame arguments 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence
借调 temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
扩大内需，刺激消费expand
domestic demand and consumption
雅思听力必备分类词汇
RENTING A HOUSE land/lord,
land/lady,
surroundings(rural areas,
suburb,
downtown),rooms(single room, double bedroom, bathroom, kitchen,
balcony)facilities(heater, radiators, refrigerator,
carpet, telephone,
stove, microwave
oven),
prices(cheap, expensive), bed facilities(bed linen, spread, pillow, mattress,
sheet, blanket), personal information of boarders, entrance hall(lobby, porch), lease,
utilities,
unfurnished/furnished, apartment/flat, blackout GEOGRAPHIC SITUATION City
names,
population,
advantages/disadvantages (pros/cons, merits/ demerits, strong/ weak points), climate and
weather,
language
(accent, dialect), whether like it or not, main attraction (miss, long for, love, like, look forward to, enjoy) RESEARCH Hypothesis, survey, investigation,
interview,
questionnaire, data, result, analysis,
interpretation,
make/draw the conclusion
VACATION
Scenery, book the room (make
a
reservation), currency (Canadian dollars, Australian
dollars,
Pound,
Japanese Yen), country, and language (French, Cantonese, Mandarin, Russian, Italian, German, Portuguese,
Japanese,
Arabic), names of people and places, credit card (Visa, Master, American Express) COURSE SELECTION courses(mathematic, literature, history, psychology, physics, philosophy, anthropology), level of courses(elementary,
primary, intermediate, secondary, advanced),
enrolment, course number, credits,
hour,
full-time/part-time student, required/compulsory courses, elective/selective/optional
ORIENTATION Surroundings,
history
of
school, teachers and faculty, buildings, their functions and places,
COMPUTER LAB
Lab rules, printer, copier, fax machine, modem, Macintosh, network, access to the net