--> He was seen to play football on the playground. 二、情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。
Eg: Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.
三、表示\据说\或\相信\的词组：believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that? 据说
It is reported that? 据报道
It is believed that? 大家相信 It is hoped that? 大家希望
It is well known that? 众所周知 It is thought that? 大家认为
It is suggested that? 据建议 It is taken granted that? 被视为当然 It has been decided that? 大家决定 It must be remembered that?务必记住的是
Eg: It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday. 四、不用被动语态的情况
1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. Eg: After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。 (错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week. (对) The accident happened last week.
(错) The price has raised. (对) The price has been raised.
(错) Please seat. (对) Please be seated.
2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to Eg: This key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 3) 系动词无被动语态：appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
Eg: It sounds good.
4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, live, life Eg: She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 (对) She likes to swim.
(错) To swim is liked by her.
五、主动形式表示被动意义
1) wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive? Eg: The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2) blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build Eg: I was to blame for the accident. Much work remains.
3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。 Eg: The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. done (要某人做某事)。
六、被动形式表示主动意义：be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married
Eg: He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。 注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。 Eg: He married a rich girl. / He got married to a rich girl. 七、need/want/require/worth
注意：当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动。 Eg: Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 典型例题
The library needs___, but it'll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
答案A. need (实意) +n /to do，need (情态)+ do，当为被动语态时，还可need + doing. 本题考最后一种用法，选A。如有to be clean 则也为正确答案。
一、 单项选择：
1. There are five pairs _____, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing 2. People can’t afford to buy expensive things ____ the prices of daily goods going up. A. as B. for C. with D. since
3. The first text-books _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to write C. writhing D. written 4. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A. have made B. have become C. have got D. have been
5. Shirley _____ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 6. – Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? -- I ____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
7. I _____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 8. The reporter said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been raveling D. was to travel 9. – You’re drinking too much.
-- Only at home. No one _____ me but you. A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw 10. The price _____, but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went down B. will go down C. has gone seen D. was going down 11. After two days, our food _____, and we had to return to the camp. A. gave in B. gave away C. gave out D. gave up 12. –Smoking is bad for your health. --Yes, I know. But I can’t _____.
A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away 13. He _____ his work with animals.
A is famous as B. is famous for C. is well known as D. is well known to 14. One thousand people died in the disaster, two hundred and fifty-five children ____. A. were included B. including C. include D. included 15. This is the third time I ____ the Great Wall.
A. came to visit B. am on C. have come to visit D. am visiting 二、完型填空：
Most nations have a hero who is 16 for his great deeds 17 in saving his country 18 enemies, or in bringing order, by his wise rule, to a land which has previously(曾经) been in disorder. 19 English hero of this kind is King Alfred, 20 ―the great‖ because he did both these things while he was king, at he time 21 England 22 by Danish tribes(部落). He was a brave fighter and a great leader of men in battle so that, although he had only a 23 army he was able to defeat the attackers soon after he became king. He was a great organizer, respected as the English ruler who first built ships to defend the island 24 enemies by sea. He was also a good man who 25 peace to war, and he encouraged learning in his kingdom by translating foreign books 26 English and 27 them all over England. The story most often 28 about Alfred is not heroic. He was escaping(逃脱) after one of the early battles against the Danes 29 his army 30. alone and 31 in borrowed clothes, he asked a poor
man’s wife 32 shelter(避难所，藏身处)in her cottage. She was baking some cakes at the fire and, as she wished to go, she asked the stranger to stay and watch her cakes. She reminded him to turn them 33 they could not burn. But the king 34 the time thinking of plans to defeat the enemy and bring 35 to his unfortunate people, with the result that he did not notice the cakes although he was looking at the fire. When the housewife returned she found that they were very burnt. Since she did not recognize the stranger as her king, she was very angry with him for being so careless as to allow her cakes to spoil.
16. A thought B. considered C. remembered D. minded 17. A. each B. every C. either D. neither 18. A. for B. of C. over D. from 19. A. A B. An C. The D. Certain 20. A. called B. calling C. to call D. to be calling 21. A. as B. when C. that D. where
22. A was attacked B. having attacked C. attacked D. had been attacked 23. A. strong B. large C. powerful D. small 24. A. for B. with C. against D. out 25. A. loved B. preferred C. was interested in D. was fond of 26. A. about B. into C. by D. at 27. A. sending B. sent C. brought D. called 28. A. said B. spoken C. speaking D. told 29. A. in which B. in that C. which D. that 30. A. had defeated B. defeated C. had been defeated D. had been defeated 31. A. dressed B. put on C. worn D. had on 32. A. at B. for C. in D. under 33. A. as for B. so that C. for which D. because of 34. A. wasted B. saved C. spent D. used 35. A. peace B. money C. fond D. clothes 三、阅读理解
A
Christopher Reeve(1952-2004) was an American actor, famous for his film character of Superman.
Reeve was born in New York City and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1974, after which he was selected to study at Juilliard School of Performing Arts under John Houseman.
Reeve worked on the stage, as well as on the soap opera Love of Life, until he was selected to play the role of the Superman in 1978. this film was a great success and inspired three sequels(续集). Ironically(讽刺的是), this was the kind of part Reeve usually looked down upon. He was stage actor at heart who preferred doing classical period plays and films that really required(要求) him to ―act‖. He once said, ―I want to challenge myself in my roles, not run around on screen with a machine gun.‖
In 1980, Reeve started in Somewhere in Time, a time travel romance. Although this film was not popular at the time it was released(公映), it has since enjoyed a nationwide ―cult‖ following, especially among college students in 1984, Reeve won critical cheers for his role as a 19th century southern lawyer in The Bostonians.
On May 27,1995, Reeve was paralysed(瘫痪) from the neck down after being thrown from his horse, and largely retired(退休) from the production of films after his paralysis. With his wife Dana, he opened the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Resource Center, devoted to teaching paralysed people to live more independently(独立的).
36. According to the passage, we can get the conclusion that the play Love of Life ___. A. gained a great success B. changed Reeve’s life completely C. is just a relaxation for most audience D. talks about serious political problems
37. The underlined part in the third paragraph shows that Reeve ______. A. enjoyed different kinds roles related to high technology
B. did not like to play the role of the Superman because of the danger C. was an ambitious actor who intended to play all kinds of characters D. was a peace-loving man, who hates weapons and all the military actions 38. The word ―cult‖ in the fourth paragraph probably means _____. A. popular fashion B. lovely and interesting C. of the present time D. bad-tempered dog 39. On May 27, 1995, Reeve _____.
A. acted out the role of a lawyer in The Bostonians B. fell down during the horse-riding and became paralysed