BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
美式论文、报告写作技巧
编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。
美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。
通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下：
(一) 篇首：
封面(Title) 序言(Preface)
谢词(Acknowledge) 提要(Summary)
目录(Tables and Appendixes)
(二) 本文：
引言(Introduction)
主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释 (Footnotes)
(三)参考资料：
参考书目(References or Bibliography) 附录资料(Appendix)。
进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。题目可以提供研究者： 一.研究的方向 二.研究的范围 三.资料搜集的范围
四.预期研究成果
通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资
BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤， 大纲是论文、报告的骨干， Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。
就算是小报告，也至少应含
(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期 (二)Summary： 即主要的结论
(三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容
(四)Technical Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。 (五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论
(六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项
美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。
论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。
BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：http://www.pacificenglish.cn
BEC Samples
一、BEC中级 Part Ⅰ
1. BEC 2，全真2，p32
To: Mary, Secretary
From: John, Head of Research Date: 13 March, 2005 Subject: Urgent Trip
BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
I’m leaving tomorrow to meet Pierre Blanco in the French branch of our company.
In that case, please subscribe for me a return air ticket and a single room at a hotel around the branch.
Also be sure to maintain the order of all the documents and make notes of all the contacts when I
’m away. 2. BEC中级自测3，p67
To: Chris, Assistant From: John, Manager Date: 19 March, 2005 Subject: Business Trip
A quick note to inform you about my following business trip to London on April 20th and
back on
23rd. Please reserve for me a return air ticket and a suite at the Hilton near Waterloo Bridge in that period.
Thanks,
John
3. BEC 2，全真6，p101
To: All Staff
From: Kelly, Commercial Manager Date: 26 March, 2005 Subject: Transfer Notice
I’m writing to inform all of you about my job transference to the US office, since the
company
has just started up business there.
BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
I’m planned to leave on 15 April, and would probably stay in the US for half a year to
monitor
business development there.
During my absence, Assistant Commercial Manager Mr. Chris Clinton would take my charge. It is my
great pleasure to have worked with you in the past few years and I sincerely hope that you could contact
me through company email. 4. BEC 中级自测2，p47
current job involves frequent presentations to customers, which can be learnt from the seminar.
Please carefully consider my request and I’m looking forward to your favorable reply.
Best, John
5. 2002年1月样题第一篇，讲义p244
To: Erica Young Cc:
Subject: Meeting
To: Chris, Line Manager Cc:
Subject: Seminar on Presentation Skills
I would request time off work to attend a seminar on presentation skills on 22 March as my
I sincerely apologize for not being able to attend the meeting at the head office for the reason
that there is some emergency in the process of an important export order. As a regional sales manager, I
couldn’t leave at this moment but have to stay with it for the company’s benefits. In that case, I hope
BEC剑桥商务英语范文汇总
that you could accept my proposal of sending Mr. Smith in my place.
some of our members would be abroad at that moment. In that case, I would suggest another appointment (Or: I would reschedule/rearrange it) at
9:00AM, 27 April if there is no problem with you.
Any question about the agenda please feel free to contact me (Or: do not hesitate to contact me),
and I would take full account/consideration of it.
6. BEC 2，真题4，p66 (从此篇开始省略title的格式，只有正文内容)
Thanks, John
6．BEC 2真题3，p49
To: Project Team
From: John, Project Team Leader
Date: 19 March, 2005 Subject: Project Meeting
I’m writing to inform you about the cancellation of our next project meeting on 20 April, as
I’m writing to inform you about the visit of the corporation’s Chairman to our company on 21
March, next Monday.
The purpose of his visit is to reward the distinctive/outstanding staff of the past year /
inspect the completion of the first quarter’s assignment/task / settle/handle/tackle/deal with/solve the
emergency arose yesterday / meet a VIP/Premier Customer of our company.
Please wait at the welcome reception before 8:50 next Monday morning for his coming at
9:00. 7． 2002年12月样题第一篇，讲义p248