【分析】答案为B。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词 and,故可排除 A 和 D;又因为 what 不能用于引导定语从句,所以 most of what 也可排除。此处的 most of which 相当于 and most of them,所以若在选项 A 的前加上 and,则也是对的。
比较:
Some managed to vote, but most of them didn’t. 有些人设法投票了,但多数人都没有。 The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
考查above which的一道高考题
下面一题是福建卷的一道高考题:
By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 【分析】答案为D。根据常识可知,rainbow应该是在山的上方,故用above。句中的above which appeared a rare rainbow soon为非限制性定语从句,且该从句是一个倒装句,为便于理解,此句可改写为:and soon a rare rainbow appeared above Mount Qomolangma. 全句意为:所有的奥运火炬手都在9点钟前就到达了珠穆朗玛峰,其后不久,山顶上的天空出现了罕见的彩虹。
请看下面这道定语从句考题:
In fact the man didn’t understand the three questions __________ were asked in French. A. where B. who C. in which D. which
此题应选 D。从句子成分看,修饰 questions 的定语从句缺主语,所以不能选 A(where),C(in which)。又因为这里的先行词(questions)是指事不是指人,所以只能选D(which)不能选B(who)。
考生在做定语从句试题时,大体上要分清以下几点:
1. 是定语从句还是其他从句( 从句意和句法功能等方面去考虑)。
做定语从句试题的基本方法
2. 是用关系代词还是关系副词。关系代词和关系副词的选择主要看关系词在句中的句法功能。一般说来,关系代词(that,which,who,whom 等)主要用作主语和宾语;关系副词(when,where,why)主要用作状语;作定语时用whose。
3. 受定语从句修饰的先行词是指人(who,whom,that) 还是指物(that,which);是作主语(who,that,which)还是作宾语(which,whom,who)等。
4. 关系代词可否省略(在通常情况下,只有限制性定语从句中用作宾语的关系代词才能省略)。
5. 是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句 (关系代词that以及关系副词why等均不能引导非限制性定语从句)。
6. 在“介词+which”结构中,介词的正确选择(主要看相关名词和动词的习惯搭配)。
whose引导定语从句可以指物吗
请看下面这道题:
I saw some trees __________ leaves were black with disease.
A. its B. whose C. his D. the
分析:此题应选B。容易误选A。许多考生认为,关系代词whose和who,whom一样,只能指人,不能指物。
事实上,用作关系代词的 whose 与 who,whom不一样,它不仅可以指人也可以指物(用作定语):
There are some students whose questions I can’t answer. 有些学生的问题我不能回答。 Can you see the mountain whose top is covered with snow? 你看得见山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山吗?
Here is a word whose meaning escapes me. 这里有一个词,我一下想不起它是什么意思了。
当先行词为物时,其后引导定语从句的 whose+n. 也可换成 the+n. +of which / of which+the+n.:
■窗户破了的那座房子是空的。
正:The house whose windows are broken is empty. 正:The house the windows of which are broken is empty. 正:The house of which the windows are broken is empty.
但是如果 whose所修饰的名词中心词之前有数词或其他限定词,则不用 whose,而用of which:
There I saw a large table,two legs of which were broken. 在那里我看见有一张大桌子,其中有两条腿断了。
the way后可接how引导的定语从句吗
请看一道题:
That is __________ the boy spoke to the teacher.
A. how B. the way how C. that D. which
分析:此题应选 A。容易误选B。误认为the way(表方式)后应接how引导的定语从句(因为how可用来表方式)。
其实考生只要回忆一下我们学过的关系副词便知道:在现代英语中关系副词只有when(表时间),where(表地点),why(表原因)等几个,根本没有how这个关系副词,所以它自然就不能引导定语从句。要表示类似本题的意思,可用以下句型:
■那就是他说话的样子。
正:That’s how he spoke. (表语从句) 正:That’s the way he spoke. 正:That’s the way (that) he spoke. 正:That’s the way (in which) he spoke. 误:That’s the way how he spoke. ■我不喜欢他那样笑她。
正:I don’t like the way he laughs at her. 正:I don’t like the way(that) he laughs at her. 正:I don’t like the way (in which) he laughs at her. 误:I don’t like the way how he laughs at her. ■他同我们说话的方式值得怀疑。 正:The way he spoke to us was suspicious. 正:The way (that) he spoke to us was suspicious. 正:The way (in which) he spoke to us was suspicious. 误:The way how he spoke to us was suspicious.
此题是考查非限制性定语从句吗
【典型题】
If a book is in English, _________ means slow progress for you. A. as B. which C. what D. that
【看分析】此题容易误选 A或B,想当然地根据空格前的逗号认为这是非限制性定语从句。这样分析的同学,主要是忽略了前一句句首的if。其实此题应选D,逗号前是一个条件状语从句,逗号后是该状语从句的主句,that 在此代表前文所述的意思,用作主句的主语。
同样地,下面几题也应选 that,而不选 which:
(1) If he’s only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that (2) If you want to go, _________is quite all right with me.
A. that B. which C. and it D. so (3) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that (4) If you want a double room , _________ will cost another £15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (5) If you have the money, _________ will be OK.
A. as B. which C. and it D. that 下例也选 that 而不选 which,其中 that 表示“那”:
Unless I’m very much mistaken, _________ is my watch you’re wearing! A. as B. which C. what D. that
定语从句还是强调句
请看看这道题:
—Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday? —It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting. A. where B. which C. that D. when
【分析】很可能误选C,认为这是一个强调句,强调地点状语 in the hall。假若选C,即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting,该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”,单独看这一句,无论是其意思还是其语法均未错,但若将其与上文联系起来看,则不通,因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor,则完全可以。
其实,此题的最佳答案是A,where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句,用以修饰其前的名词 the hall,句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”,这样语意就通顺了。
含有定语从句的一系列难题
■请看下面的题:
How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last. A. to has come B. to have come C. to having come D. has come
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道,短语 look forward to意为“盼望”,其中的 to 是介词,而不是不定式符号,所以后接动词要用动名词,许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是,句中介词 to 的宾语不是have come,而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是:the holiday为句子主语,we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that,被省略),has come 是句子谓语。
请做以下类似试题:
■The man you referred to _____ just now. A. comes B. come C. coming D. came
【分析】答案选 D,句子主语为 the man,you referred to 为修饰 the man 的定语从句,空白处填 came,为句子谓语。
■The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies. A. proves B. prove C. proving D. be proved
【分析】答案选 A,he sticks to 是修饰主语 the theory 的定语从句,句子的基本结构为 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.
■The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising. A. was B. be C. being D. been
【分析】答案选 A,he devoted his time to 是修饰主语 the work 的定语从句。句子的基本结构为 The work was worth praising.
■I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped