2.句子英译汉
（1） There are estimated to be more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain.
（2）Of these 20,000 , just under 2,000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.
（3） The sad condition of w omen w orking as domestics around the w orld received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.
（4）A Filipino maid w as executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder, despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.
（5）She used to w ork for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.
（6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children, she accepted a job working as a domestic in London.
（7）So if they do complain , they risk being deported. （8）This included increasing the minimum age of employees to 18, getting employees to read and understand an advice leaflet, getting employers to agree to provide adequate maintenance and
conditions, and to put in writing the main terms and conditions of the job (of which the employees should see a copy).
（9）For the main problem facing overseas maids and domestics who try to complain about
cruel living and w orking conditions is that they do not have independent immigrant status and so cannot change employer.
UNIT 4-3
（10）It is, they say, the right to change employers w hich distinguishes employment from slavery. 3.句子汉译英
（1）处理有关事务的政府部门没有做统计。
The government department that deals with relevant affairs does not keep statistics. （2）正因为她无法养家才同意做家仆。
It w as because she found it difficult to feed her family that she accepted a job w orking as a domestic.
（3）她是一名沙特外交官直接从菲律宾雇到伦敦来工作的。
She w as hired by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to w ork in London . （4）家仆的工作状况得到了新闻媒介的关注。
The conditions of w orking as domestics have received media attention . （5）雇主们总是威胁要把我们遣送回国。
The employers alw ays threatened to send us back to our countries.
16
四、历年试题
1. When they get out of prison, they _ _(increase) the level of their criminal beh avior. 答案：will increase . 考点：时间状语从句中主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。从 句谓语动词是 get 一般现在时，所以从句用 will increase 。
2.At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measure to help __domes tic workers from abuse by their employers. A. protect B. suspect C. expect D. inspect
答案是：A . 考点是：protect … from 保护… 免受 …
3. __ _ _their differences, they fell passionately in love with each other. A. As for B. Owing to C. Despite D. Through
答案：C . 考点：despite 表示让步的关系。本句的意思是：尽管他们之间有分歧，但他们彼此 深爱对方。
Translation
1. 许多家庭佣人受到雇主的剥削和虐待。
答：Many domestic servants are exploited and abused by their employers. 2. 自去年以来，女佣们的悲惨境况已受到媒体密切关注。
答：The bad condition of the woman servants has received much media attention
since last year.
3. 他经常威胁我，说要将我遣送回国。
答： He always threatened that he would send me back to my country. 4. 她曾在一家茶叶厂工作，工资很低。
答： She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory. 5. 据估计有两万多名外国家佣在英国工作。
答： It is estimated that there are more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants wor king in Britain.
UNIT 5-1
一、word study
transformation,originate,penetrating,take over,take on ① transformation n.1、变化，转化；2、改造，改革
His brain operation caused a great transformation in his character. 脑手术大大改变了他的性格。
The transformation of a backward country into country requires the painstaking efforts of several generations. 将一个落后的国家改变为发达国家需要几代人的艰苦努力。
an
advanced
The social and political transformation of a country is essential to the development of the society.
一个国家的社会和政治改革对社会的发展非常重要。 ② originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起
All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.
17
所有的理论都来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。 The use of steam originated many other reforms. 蒸汽的使用引起了许多其它的革新。 ③ penetrating
a.1、穿透的，贯穿的；2、深刻的，透彻的 They w alked against the penetrating w ind. 他们迎着刺骨的寒风行走。
Her penetrating voice frightened the little boy. 她刺耳的嗓子把小男孩吓坏了。
Swift‘s w orks were most penetrating and pow erful. 斯威夫特的作品极为深刻有力。 ④ take over
1、接管，接任；2、把。。。从一处运到另一处
The young doctor has taken over duties of the old. 年轻医生已接替了老医生的工作。
When Mr.Green retired, his son took over the business from him. 格林先生退休后，由他儿子接管他的生意。
Mr.Brow n took me over to the island in his steamboat. 布朗先生用他的汽艇把我送到该岛。 ⑤ take on
1、具有，担任（工作等）；2、雇佣
The disease took on some special characteristics. 那种疾病具有一些特殊的特征。 He has taken on a new job. 他已承担了一项新工作。
The employer takes on twenty more w orkers. 那位雇主又雇佣了 20 名工人。 二、重点句型
1、新音乐是从已有的音乐中产生的。P1
The new music w as built out of materials already in existence. 2、民间音乐，既有古老又有现代的，在大学生中颇为流行。P1
Folk music, old and modern, w as popular among college students. 3、他们自由地吸收爵士乐、美国乡村音乐的成分。P2
They freely took over elements from jazz, from American country music.
UNIT 5-2
4、在家里欣赏唱片的时候，听众尽力模仿照明效果。P4
With records at home, listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 三、习题
（一）单词、词组英译汉
musician rhythmic distinct consciousness originate readily instrument electronic thereby passive participant
18
1.The new music w as built out of materials already in existence. 2.Folk music, old and modern, w as popular among college students.
3.They freely took over elements form jazz, from American country music.
4.With records at home, listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 5.In a sense, men of this kind begin not so much w ith a musical theme as w ith a completed composition.
6.Most composers since Beethoven's day belong to this second type. 7.Men like Palestrina and Bach belong in this category. （三）汉译英 这一章是关于热能转化成动力的。
The chapter is about the transformation of heat into pow er. 一群人自发地聚集在事故现场。
A group of people got together spontaneously at the scene of the accident. 这次争吵是由误会引起的。
The quarrel originated from a misunderstanding. 1949 年后，军队接管了这个城市。
The army took over this city after 1949. 为了你的健康，你不应该承担太繁重的工作。
For your health,you should avoid taking on too much work. 四、历年试题
1. In the process of composition , it isn‘t easy to be inspired in a spontaneous w ay for long periods_ _ a stretch.. A. at B. for C. over D. in
答案是 a 。 考点：词组 at a stretch 一口气，连续不断的 2.汉译英 新音乐是由业已存在的材料构建出来的。
答案：The new music was built out of material already in existence. 3. 汉译英：那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐。
答案：It was folk music that was popular among college students at that time. 4. 汉译英：不用说我们现在已不是生活在传统社会。
答案： It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society. 1. 新音乐起源于布鲁斯、摇滚乐和民间音乐。
答： The new music originated from blues, rock and roll and folk music. 2. 民间音乐表现和平、友谊和希望。
答： Folk music expresses peace, friendship and hope. 3. 他们已不再是被动的听众而是积极的参与者。
答： Instead of passive audience, they have become active participants. 4. 他们自由地从不同的音乐来源中吸取元素。
答： They freely took over elements form diverse music sources. 5. 新音乐采取多种形式，几乎具有无限的表现力。
答：The new music may take on various forms and be capable of expressing an almost limitless range.
19
UNIT 6-1
一、word study
spray,cast,expose,switch,critical ① spray n.1、水花，浪花；2、喷雾，喷雾状物 The spray of the waterfall is very beautiful. 瀑布的水花飞溅，非常漂亮。
A spray of bullets hit the tree behind which he w as hiding. 一阵喷射的子弹打中了他藏身其后的那棵树。 vt.喷，向。。。喷射，喷涂 Fruit trees are sprayed regularly. 果树应定期喷上杀虫剂。
The students sprayed questions at the teacher. 学生们连珠炮似的向老师提出一个又一个问题。 ② cast vt.1、投，扔，抛，掷（at）；2、投射（光，影，视线等）（on,at）；3、浇铸，铸造 The boy cast a stone at the dog. 那个男孩向那条狗扔了块石头。
His w ords cast a new light on the problem.
他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。 The robot can cast steel after being reprogrammed. 在重新设定程序之后，机器人能浇铸钢材。 n.1、投，掷；2、模具；3、演员（阵容）
The Beijing Theatre of People‘s Art has a very strong cast. 北京人民艺术剧院有很强大的演员阵容。
③ expose vt.1、使暴露，使面临；2、揭露，揭发 The w orks w ere exposed to all kinds of w eather. 工人们经受风吹雨打。
We should be aw are of the dangers of exposing children to violence on T V. 我们应当意识到儿童接触有关暴力电视节目的危害。
He has been widely exposed to the public on the television. 他经常在电视上向公众露面。
The mistakes of the past must be exposed w ithout any reserve. 对以前的错误一定要毫无保留地揭发。 ④ switch n.1、开关，转换器；2、（思路、话题等的）转换
It is two-way switch. 这是个双向开关。
He has made a switch of support from one political party to another. 他已从支持一个政党转而支持另一个政党。 vi.1、转换，改变（思路、话题等）；2、接通。。。电流（on），切断。。。电流（off） We switched the discussion to another topic. 我们换了一个讨论题目。
E ntering the room, he sw itched the light on. 一进房间，他就把灯打开了。 vt.转换，变换（switch(over)to）
He switched (over) to medicine and graduated in 1980.
20