3. 结语
由于抗菌方式不同,与无机或有机抗菌剂相比,高分子抗菌剂在安全性上具有突出优势,因此,有望在对安全性要求更高的抗菌领域获得应用。高分子抗菌剂具有速度快,加工方便,颜色稳定性好,抗菌谱明确,部分有机抗菌剂对霉菌有特效等优点,但低分子有机抗菌剂存在耐热性差、使用过程中易析出、易挥发等缺点,因此高分子有机抗菌剂将会有很大的发展空间。特别是将具有抗菌功能的基团通过化学反应组装到基体树脂分子链上得到的抗菌材料,这类抗菌材料克服了普通有机抗菌剂不耐热、与基体相容性差,不耐浸泡洗涤、渗出物安全性等缺点,具有高效、广谱、安全无毒、抗菌效果持久、优良的热稳定性、与树脂良好的相容性、优良的加工性、价格低廉等特点;随着人们环保意识提高,易生物降解、环境友好的抗菌剂也将是今后国内研究的热点。总之,随着人们生活水平和健康环境意识的提高,发展长效、低毒、广谱、易生物 降解的抗菌材料将是人们奋斗的目标。
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