德国ATV标准
ATV-DVWK-A 131E
单级活性污泥污水处理厂的设计
2000年5月
发行：ATV-DVWK的水、污水及垃圾的GFA出版社， 电话：+49-2242/872-120 ? 传真: +49-2242/872-100
E-mail: vertrieb@gfa-verlag.de ? Internet: http://www.gfa-verlag.de
ATV-DVWK-A 131E
准备
本 ATV标准由 ATV-DVWK 的KA 5 和 KA 6专家委员会精心编制。 KA 5 “沉淀工艺”专家委员会有以下成员：
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthert, München (C主席) Prof. Dr.-Ing. Billmeier, K?ln Dipl.-Ing. Born, Kassel
Dr.-Ing. Andrea Deininger, Weyarn Dr.-Ing. Grünebaum, Essen Dr.-Ing. Kalbskopf, Dinslaken
Dr.-Ing, Resch, Weissenburg
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rosenwinkel, Hannover Dr.-Ing. R?lle
Dr.-Ing. Schulz, Essen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Seyfried, Hannover Dr.-Ing. Stein, Emsdetten
KA 6“ 污水好氧生物处理工艺”专家委员会有以下成员：
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kayser, Braunschweig (主席) Dipl.-Ing. Beer, Cottbus Dr.-Ing. Bever, Oberhausen Prof. Dr.-Ing. Bode, Essen Dr.-Ing. Boll, Hannover Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gujer, Zürich
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Huber, München Prof. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Imhoff, Essen Prof. Dr.-Ing. Krauth, Stuttgart
Dr. Lemke, Leverkusen
Dr. Hilde Lemmer, München
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Londong, Wuppertal Prof. Dr. Matsché, Wien
Dipl.-Ing. Peter-Fr?hlich, Berlin
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rosenwinkel, Hannover Dipl.-Ing. Schleypen, München Dr.-Ing. Teichgreber, Essen Dipl.-Ing. Ziess, Haan-Gruiten
? GFA (ATV-DVWK出版社, 水，污水，垃圾), Hennef 2000) 原始德国版由DCM, Meckenheim出品。
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目录
页码
预备…………………………………………………………………………………… ……2 注意事项 .................................................................................................................... 7 前言 ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 2 3
应用领域 ........................................................................................................ 8 符号 ............................................................................................................... 9 工艺描述和设计步骤 .................................................................................... 16 3.1 概述 ............................................................................................................ 16 3.2 3.3 3.4 4
生物反应池 ............................................................................................ 17 二沉池 .................................................................................................... 20 设计程序 ................................................................................................ 20
计算流量和负荷 ............................................................................................ 23 4.1 4.2
污水负载 ................................................................................................ 23 上清液和外部污泥负荷 ........................................................................... 25
5 生物反应池设计 ............................................................................................ 25 5.1 5.2
以中式为基础的设计 .............................................................................. 25 根据经验设计 ......................................................................................... 26 5.2.1 5.2.1.1 5.2.1.2 5.2.1.3
要求的污泥泥龄 ......................................................................... 26 没有硝化反应的处理厂 .............................................................. 26 硝化工艺设计 ............................................................................ 27 硝化、反硝化工艺的设计 ........................................................... 28
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5.2.1.4 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4
厌氧污泥稳定污水厂的设计 ....................................................... 29 反应池中反硝化池容积的计算 ................................................... 29 磷的去除 .................................................................................... 32 污泥产量计算 ............................................................................ 33
5.2.5 SVI和MLSS浓度的假定 ................................................................. 35 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 5.3 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9
生物反应池容积 ......................................................................... 36 回流量和周期时间 ..................................................................... 37 氧转移率 .................................................................................... 38 碱度 ........................................................................................... 41
好氧选择池的设计 .................................................................................. 42 二沉池的设计 ......................................................................................... 42 限制条件和出水水质 .............................................................................. 42 污泥体积指数和允许的浓缩时间 ............................................................ 43 污泥回流率和二沉池进水的SS .............................................................. 44 表面负荷率和污泥负荷率 ....................................................................... 45 沉淀池表面积 ......................................................................................... 46 沉淀池深度 ............................................................................................ 46 现有二沉池的测试和验算 ....................................................................... 49 除泥系统的设计 ..................................................................................... 49 6.9.1 6.9.2 6.9.3
除泥和刮泥设备的设计 .............................................................. 49 污泥短流的流量和固体物平衡 ................................................... 50 幅流式二沉池的排泥 .................................................................. 50
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6.9.4 6.9.5
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矩形池中泥的去除 ..................................................................... 51 固体物物料平衡的验证 .............................................................. 52
规划和运行 ................................................................................................... 53 7.1
生物反应池(曝气池) ............................................................................... 53 6.4.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.2
池设计 ....................................................................................... 53 泡沫及漂浮污泥的聚集 .............................................................. 53 内回流泵的调节 ......................................................................... 53 非硝化污水厂中产生的亚硝酸盐 ................................................ 53
二沉池 .................................................................................................... 54 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3
概述 ........................................................................................... 54 平流池 ....................................................................................... 54 竖流池 ....................................................................................... 55
7.3 7 9 10
回流污泥 ................................................................................................ 55
动态模拟 ...................................................................................................... 56 造价及环境影响 ............................................................................................ 57 相关的 [德国] 规范，指标及标准 .................................................................. 57
参考文献 [译者注： 所见的版本是英文的，而方括号里给出了中文名字。] ...................................... 60 附录 ......................................................................................................................... 62
根据COD决定除碳用的耗氧量和污泥产品 ...................................................... 62 A1 A2 A3 2013-7-26
设计原则 ................................................................................................ 62 COD的物料平衡 .................................................................................... 62 污泥产量的计算 ..................................................................................... 64
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