初中从句讲解(3)

2019-03-15 19:46

不久我们将会让你知道详情,以便你们能够做出安排。(目的)

5.比较:so和 such

其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so 是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用,形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool

so nice a flower such a nice flower

so many / few flowers such nice flowers

so much / little money. such rapid progress

so many people such a lot of people

( so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用such搭配。)

so?that与such?that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school 难点

so+形容词或副词

so+形+a(an)+单数可数名词

so +many 或few+复数可数名词 +that

+much或 little+不可数名词

so that ,such?that 都可以in order that两者皆可引导目的地状语从句和结果状语从句,

当他们引导目的状语从句时,从句的谓语里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次。

so +adj或adv.+ that, such +n.+ that 以上两种句型都表示结果,其中so为副词,后接形容词,副词原型,当可数名词前有many, few;不可数名词前有much, little修饰时,应采用句型:so many (few, much, little )+n. 。 such为形容词, 后只能接名词。这名词既可以地可数的,

也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数的,则必须在名词前加不定冠词a(an). 常见的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.

1。I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.

我跌了很多跤,浑身数摔得清一块紫一块.

2。there are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.

笔记本太少了,我一本也给不了你.

3。It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk.

天气是如此只好,以致于我想去散散步.

4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.

麦克是如此诚实的一个人,以致于大家都相信他

(=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)

5。The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk.

天气是如此只好,以致于我想去散散步.

五、让步状语从句

让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子

连接词: though, although.,whether?or not

难点:

though, although当“虽然”讲, 都不能和but连用. Although/though?but的格式是不对的.但是他们都可以同yet (still) 连用. 所以thought (although)?yet(still)的格式是正确的.

Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.

Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.

虽然他很富有, 然而他并不快乐.

Right : Although we have grown up, our parents treat us as children.

Right : Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children.

尽管我们已经长大了,可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩.

although, though 辨析

although 不能though 那样用作副词, 表示强调时要用even though.

1、He is looking fit, though.

但是,他看上去很健康. 考点

2、Even though I didn’t under a word, I kept smiling.

尽管我一个字也不懂,我还是一直微笑着。

3、He is quite experienced, he is young, though.

尽管他很年轻,他很有经验。

典型例题

1) ___she is young, she knows quite a lot.

A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless

答案:C。意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。

3) ever if, even though. 即使

We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

尽管天气很坏,我们仍将要去旅行。

4) whether?or not 不管??都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.

不管你信不信,那是真的

第三讲no matter 从句

结构:\特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序\或\特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序\

No matter what happened, he would not mind.

Whatever happened, he would not mind.

替换:no matter what = whatever

no matter who = whoever

no matter when = whenever

no matter where = wherever

no matter which = whichever

no matter how = however

注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。

(错)No matter what you say is not useful now.

(对)Whatever you say is not useful now.

你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)

(错)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,

(对)Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么

第四讲 定语从句

定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分,如:I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后,如:I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.

定语从句的连接词:

1.连接代词:who、which、whom、whose、that

2.连接副词:when、where、why

选用连接词的关键是看先行词,先行词是指定语从句所修饰的名词或代词,如:The boy who is playing football is my brother. (这里the boy 就是先行词)

一、连接代词的选用:1.who指人,先行词为人,在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人,先行词为人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

3.which指物,先行词为物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语,译成\的\

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替

(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?


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