毕 业 论 文
中美贸易摩擦新特点及对中国出口贸易
的影响及对策研究
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中北大学2015届本科毕业论文
中美贸易摩擦新特点及对中国出口贸易的影响及对策研究
摘要：近年来，中美贸易摩擦愈演愈烈，中美摩擦已经成为了阻碍中美贸易以及经济发展的绊脚石。因此，本文尝试对近年的中美贸易摩擦现状和特点进行综述，找出中美贸易摩擦产生的主要原因并提出相应的对策建议。
经研究发现中美贸易摩擦又呈现出了新的特点。首先，美国针对人民币对美元汇率的立法不断出台。其次，中美贸易摩擦呈现出多样化、综合化和隐蔽化的特点。再次，反补贴已经成为了我国面临贸易摩擦的焦点。
中美贸易摩擦的产生是我国、美国和世界环境因素共同作用的结果，导致中美贸易摩擦问题的中方因素主要有：我国政府提供各种各样的鼓励措施，使我国企业出现恶性竞争现象；我国行业协会应对贸易摩擦的机制不完善；我国企业一味追求外贸商品数量上的扩张，“薄利多销”现象广泛存在，自我保护意识差及战略缺乏。美方因素有：美国国内长期存在“中国威胁论”的论调，担心中国的崛起可能会触动美国自身的利益，因而寄希望与通过一些措施来遏止中国的发展；美国利益集团对中美贸易摩擦的产生起到了推波助澜作用。另外，这也是由世界经济形势造成的。
因此，需要两国政府和企业及国际社会共同努力来应对中美贸易摩擦的问题。最根本的解决措施是促使世贸组织贸易规则公平化，我国政府应加强与美国政府及相关利益集团的协商及联系，同时调整完善经济贸易政策，扩大内需，发展内向型经济，学会运用WTO贸易规则。
关键词：中美贸易摩擦；贸易保护主义；WTO
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中北大学2015届本科毕业论文
The new characteristics of the Sino US trade friction and impact on China export trade and the Countermeasures Research
Abstract：
Sino-US trade frictions are becoming more and more fierce in recent years. Sino-US trade friction has become the barriers of the development of Sino-US trade and economic.This paper attempts to describe the Sino-US trade friction status and characteristics in recent years so as to identify the main reasons for the Sino-US trade friction and find out the corresponding countermeasures.
After the study,we found that Sino-US trade frictions are showing new features.First，,the The yuan to the dollar exchange rate legislation have been introduced by the US.Second, Sino-US trade friction are showing diverse,comprehensive, and concealed features. Third,anti-subsidy has become the focus of Sino-US trade friction.
Sino-US trade friction is the result of the comprehensivation of China ,the U.S and environmental factors of the world. Factors from China leading to Sino-US trade friction are as following:Our government offers a variety of incentives, Vicious competition in China's enterprises are brought out due to our government offering a variety of incentives.Our trade association’ systems dealing with trade frictions are not very adequate.Our enterprises are on the blind persuit of the increase of goods numbers,and ”a large number of goods are for sale at low prices ” are widespread. The sense of self-protection and strategy of our enterprises are very poor.Factors from the US are:\ the development of China will affect the intrests of their country.They take some measures to curb China's development.Some intrests group in the US are playing a important role in promoting Sino-US trade friction. In addition,Sino-US trade friction is also caused by the world economic situation.
So the efforts paid by two countries, orgnization,enterprises and the world are needed. The key measures to ease Sino-US are: WTO promote the fairness of the trade regulation; Our government should strengthen cooperation with the U.S. government and relevant interest groups in consultation.At the same， our government should adjust and improve economic an
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中北大学2015届本科毕业论文
d trade policies.our government also should expanse domestic demand and develop inward-looking economic.Besides,we should learn how to use the WTO trade rules.
Key words： Sino-US trade fliction； trade protectionism； WTO
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中北大学2015届本科毕业论文
目 录
1 引言 ................................................................... 1 2 中美贸易摩擦现状、特点及产生的原因 .................................... 1 2.1中美贸易摩擦的现状 .................................................... 2 2.2中美贸易摩擦具有阶段性的特点 .......................................... 4 2.3产生的原因 ............................................................ 8 2.3.1 造成中美贸易摩擦的美方原因 ........................................ 8 2.3.2 造成中美贸易摩擦的中方原因 ........................................ 9 3 中美贸易摩擦对中国出口贸易的影响 ..................................... 10 3.1积极影响 ............................................................. 10 3.1.1中美贸易摩擦有利于加速产品的结构升级 ............................... 10 3.1.2有利于培养我国的竞争优势产业 ....................................... 10 3.1.3推动我国对外直接投资的发展 ......................................... 10 3.1.4有利于我国推动出口市场多元化战略 ................................... 11 3.1.5有利于提高中国整体国民福利，建设社会主义和谐社会 ................... 11 3.2消极影响 ........................................................... 11 3.2.1中美贸易摩擦对我国的出口有较大的限制 ............................... 11 3.2.2美国对华经济制裁破坏了双边的正常经贸关系 ........................... 11 3.2.3增强了美国对中国崛起的防范心态 ..................................... 12 3.2.4贸易摩擦具有“溢出效应” ........................................... 12 3.2.5中美经贸关系的不对称将会长期影响双边经贸关系发展 ................... 12 4 我国对于中美贸易摩擦的解决对策 ....................................... 12 4.1我国应促进国际贸易规则公平化 ....................................... 12 4.2我国政府方面应加强与美国的平等协商 ................................... 13 4.3我国政府方面完善经济贸易政策 ......................................... 13 4.4行业协会方面的作用应该加强 ........................................... 14 4.5企业方面应采取的措施 ................................................. 14
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