21世纪大学英语自学教程 第一册 5. 6. 7.
They say that they can learn from their failures, and as they get smarter, so will Dante. (Line 42-43) They say that they will try to find out where they failed and make some improvement on Dante. to exact measurement (Line 57)
according to exact measurement 根据精确的计算
Can science and technology take us too far by programming intelligence into machines? (Line 61-62) As we make machines more and more intelligent, will we walk further from our original intension and make it worse?
Text C
The Internet
【课文详解】
1. 2.
The 1990s have brought on a revolution in the electronic media. (Line 1-2) In the 1990s, a revolution in the electronic media has taken place. The following questions and answers center on the Internet. (Line 12-13) center on: have somebody or something as a center 以??为中心 ◆ The dispute centers on the question of overtime pay. ◆ 3.
Her research is centered on the social effects of unemployment. Some individual networks consist of thousands of computers. (Line 18) consist of: be made up of 由??组成
◆ The committee consists of ten members from different departments of the company. ◆ 4.
The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Originally designed as a high-speed communications network for universities and military research, the Internet has now expanded to include private and commercial clients. (Line 28-31)
At first, the Internet was designed for universities and military research as a high-speed network to communicate, but now it has been improved and enlarged for both personal use and commercial use. 5.
although the ability to use Windows software or the Macintosh operating system is a definite plus. (Line 54-56)
although the ability to use Windows software or the Macintosh operating system is sure to bring some advantages.
【练习答案】
Text A I 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
（略）
(Line 1-5): About 20 years ago, when he was a college sophomore, he learned about it by reading Popular Electronics magazine in Harvard Square.
(Line 11-17): He refers to the upcoming communications revolution. (Line 20-24): It will be the foundation for the next revolution.
(Line 25-26): At first the mass media showed very little interest in the PC revolution.
(Line 33-35): There has been an unbelievable amount of interest in this subject during the last few years, both inside and outside the computer industry.
(Line 42-46): Some people think the highway is simply today?s Internet or the delivery of 500 simultaneous channels of television. Others hope or fear it will create computers as smart as human beings. (Line 53-57): It is because he thinks the highway is to serve the purposes users want. II (P. 216)
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21世纪大学英语自学教程 第一册 8.
(Line 60-61, 94-96): He hopes it can serve as a travel guide for the forthcoming journey, and will stimulate understanding, debate and creative ideas about how people can take advantage of what is to be happening in the decade ahead. III (略) IV 1. 2. 3. 4.
(P. 216)
Not satisfied with her present job, Mary is thinking of finding a new one. 玛莉不太满意目前的工作，她考虑换一份新工作。
The history of early American is that / one of people eager to explore new lands. 美国早期的历史就是一部关于人们努力开拓新土地的历史。 This T-shirt is much more expensive than the one I was wearing yesterday. 这件T恤比我昨天穿的那件要贵很多。
I have many interests to keep me from being bored, but playing football and collecting stamps are the ones that I enjoy most.
我有许多兴趣爱好可以使自己免于烦闷，但踢足球和收集邮票是我最喜欢做的。 5. 6. V 1. 2. 3.
The study of culture is as important as that of language, so we should pay equal attention to both. 对文化的研究和对语言的研究一样重要，所以我们应该给予同等的重视。
The cells of the body, especially those of the brain, can live only a few minutes without circulating blood. 体细胞，特别是脑细胞，离开了循环的血液只能存活几分钟。 (P. 217)
As the Chinese saying goes, a timely snow promises a good harvest. 正如谚语所说，瑞雪兆丰年。
In the Information Age, we ought to develop a selective mind to determine reliable sources of information. 在信息时代，我们应培养自己有选择性地决定信息来源是否可靠。
The big project of writing a treatise on communications has made it impossible for the professor to take up other interests.
写一篇关于通信的大作使教授无暇从事其他事情。 4. 5.
It is freezing cold. My hands have gone numb and I can barely feel my toes. 天很冷。我的手已经麻木了，脚指头也快没有知觉了。
If tests are to be abolished, what will be used to let both the student and the teacher know how much he has learned?
如果取消了考试，我们用什么方法让学生和老师了解他学会了多少？ 6. 7.
The theatre is a unique one because it provides simultaneous translation in both English and Chinese. 那个剧院非常特别，因为它能同时提供英语和中文的翻译。
Whether the egg comes before the chicken or the other way round will turn out to be an endless debate with no answer ever to be found.
不管是鸡生蛋，还是蛋生鸡，这都将是一场没有结果的无休无止的争论。 8. 9.
Although research is important, the university exists and operates primarily for the students. 尽管科研很重要，但大学存在和开办下去的根本原因都是为了学生。
Some words, such as “caribou”, can only be found in American English. They have no British equivalents. 一些词，例如“北美驯鹿”，只出现在美式英语中。他们在英式英语中没有对应词。
10. Technical schools prepare their students for the application of practical skills they learn in class to their
work.
技校教学生如何将课堂学到的实用技术应用在工作中。
11. Her written English was first-class, and she had an incredible vocabulary for a sophomore. 7
21世纪大学英语自学教程 第一册
她的英文写作很不错，而且她的词汇量对一个大二学生来说大的惊人。
12. It is painful to memorize large numbers of words without knowing exactly how to use them. And what?s
more, I can?t see what purpose this could serve. 大量的背单词却不知道怎么使用它们是件很痛苦的事。而且，我看不出这样做有什么用。 13. Einstein?s theory was too difficult to gain broad acceptance in the beginning.
起初爱因斯坦的理论太深奥以至无法被广泛接受。
14. Dr. Wilson wrote the book in the hope of stimulating discussion of the problem of global warming. 威尔逊博士写这本书的目的就是希望能够激发人们讨论全球变暖这一问题。 VI 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
(P. 218)
After the company ran into the problem of unfair competition, its sales figures dropped to a record low. 在该公司遇到非正当竞争的问题后，其销售额跌至最低记录。
The United Nations serves as a forum for exchanging different ideas and opinions. 联合国是供大家交换不同意见看法的论坛。
With the help of the computer, this project was completed well ahead of schedule. 有了电脑的帮助，这个项目提前完工。
The author believes that misunderstanding between nations arises primarily from their cultural differences. 作者认为国家间的误解基本上是由其文化差异引起的。
E-mail is a modern convenience that helps people far apart to communicate with each other. 电子邮件是一种现代的便利手段，它使相距甚远的人们得以互相联系。
The contributions of some major companies have brought about much improvement in the teaching and learning environment in this university.
一些大公司的赞助使得这所大学的教学环境得以改善。 7. 8.
It is crucial that we take advantage of what we can find locally to develop our economy. 至关重要的是，我们应该充分利用本地资源发展我们的经济。
A teacher who is alert to the needs of individual students is sure to achieve some success. 一个能敏锐地觉察到每个学生的需要的老师，一定能有所成就。 VII (P. 218) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
The foreign spokesperson dismissed the reports about the President?s health as rumors. 那个外交发言人否认对总统健康状况的不实报告。
The purpose of taking a job is not confined only to bread-winning. 工作的目的不仅限于糊口。
I feel terribly sorry that during the holidays I didn?t get around to reading any English books. 我感到很羞愧，放假期间我没有抽时间读任何英语书籍。
The media?s speculations about the film star?s marriage turned out to be uninformed. 媒体对那位影星婚姻的猜测证明是毫无事实依据的。
Scientists have spent years studying the way the brain retains information. 科学家们花费多年时间研究大脑是如何保存信息的。 Strictly speaking, plays are meant to be acted, not to be read. 严格地讲，剧本是要用来演的，而非用来读的。 VIII (P. 219) 1. 5. IX 1.
unhappy (P. 219) unforgettable
2.
enjoyable
3.
questionable
4.
unimaginable
2. 6.
unnoticed unfair
3. 7.
unprepared unknown
4. 8.
unanswered unclear
unforeseen
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21世纪大学英语自学教程 第一册 5. X 1. 2.
unbearable (P. 220)
In the Information Age, education requires that powerful computers be introduced in schools. 在信息时代，教育要求我们将强大的计算机引入学校。
As the computer can meet the different needs of learners, it is suggested that new teaching methods involving the computer be tried.
因为计算机可以满足学习者的不同需求，建议尝试包含计算机在内的新教学手段。 3.
It is necessary that educational material for students of various abilities be designed and programmed so that they can work at their own speeds.
有必要针对能力各异的学生计划并编写不同的教材，这样他们就能按照各自的进度学习。 4. 5.
Gates says it is important that everyday computer users contribute to planning the information highway. 盖茨说，重要的是，计算机的日常用户都为信息高速路的规划献计献策。
Computers will never replace teachers in courses such as creative writing because it is necessary that a teacher be there to provide personal attention.
在一些课程的教授中，计算机永远也无法取代教师，例如需要创造力的写作，因为必须要有一个老师在那里提供个人意见。 6. XI 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
It is essential that you change your study habits if you expect to do well in college. 如果你想在大学很出众，你有必要改变你的学习习惯。 (P. 221)
What she really hopes for（就是父母和老师的鼓励）. （在字典中查一下这个单词你就会发现） what it means.
（自从发明了计算机，用户们就想出各种方法以充分利用）what it can offer them. （在课堂上你必须专注于）what the teacher says.
（记得写信给你的父母告诉他们）what you are doing and what is going on at school.
（过去人们做出的一些关于??的预测）what this modern world would be like （证明是可笑的）.
6.
regrettable
7.
changeable
8.
foreseeable
XII (P. 221)
incredible, in, essential, crucial, communicate, Internet, revolution, territory, about / on, bring, make, debates, stimulate, least, met XIII (P. 222) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
No scientist knows exactly where the information highway will lead us in the decade ahead.
It is crucial that developed countries and developing countries should increase mutual understanding and respect through more communication.
From the very beginning, the mass media has paid special attention to this treatise on the PC.
My nephew had thought that Japanese was similar to Chinese in many ways and was easy to learn, but it did not turn out that way.
You should have known better. The way college professors teach is not just confined to telling students basic facts. They also stimulate discussions and debates.
It was originally estimated that the project would take five years. But because of the creativity of the workers and the engineers, it was finished well ahead of schedule.
It took the American writer more than three years to think about and write his autobiography. During this time period, he ran into many unimaginable difficulties.
Doctors are not sure what illness he is suffering from, which is the reason why he has decided to retire ahead of schedule. XIV (P. 222)
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21世纪大学英语自学教程 第一册 1.
Words and phrases of the “computer technology” as a metaphor: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 2. XV
It is certain that the computer revolution is not a political or military one. No one uses a gun and no one is killed. But as the main meaning of the word “revolution” is to turn things upside down, it is a very good word to illustrate the way computers have affected our society in recent years. The Internet and e-mail have completely changed the ways in which people talk and communicate, making access to information much faster. Moreover, the computer has changed the way people do business. Almost all businesses now use computers to keep track of information and transactions and with the invention of small, portable computers people can do their jobs almost anywhere. Finally, we can see that computers have created a revolution in the fact that so many people are afraid of them. Such people say that they want to live in the past because it was a better time, but I don?t think this is right. I think they are afraid of learning how to use computers because they are afraid of change. Change certainly can be frightening, but it is also a necessary part of life. If there is one thing that computers certainly do, it is change and improve the world. In fact, their effect is revolutionary. Text B
Exercise A (P. 228) 1. A 3. 4. 1. 6. 1. 6. Text C
Exercise A (P. 234) 1. A 1. 2. 3. 4.
2. D
Exercise B (P. 235)
the computer, telephone, fax, and television computerized collections of information electronic mail
that is not intended to make money ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸
2. B
A “smart” machine would be capable of helping people in a variety of professions. The robot Dante.
Some robots of the future may also do ordinary jobs. Some dangers that people fear “smart” machines might bring. (略)
The past twenty years have been an incredible adventure for me. It has led us to places we had barely imagined. We are all beginning another great journey. We aren?t sure where this one will lead us either. … This revolution will …take us all farther. There is never a reliable map for unexplored territory. It stands for artificial intelligence. C A D C
2. 7. 2.
D A B
3. 8. 3.
A D A
4. 9. 4.
B C A
5.
D
Exercise B (P. 229)
10. B 5.
B
Exercise C (P. 231)
10