and a friendship is likely to be formed.
2She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence. 她向后退着，看上去很吃惊，举起双手好像在防御。 句型公式：as if从句 学情诊断
(1)He cleared his throat，as_if_to_speak. 他清了清嗓子，好像要说话。 (2)单项填空
①He has just arrived, but he talks as if he________all about that. A．know
B．knows D．knew
C．known 答案 D
解析 此处as if引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用一般过去时。 ②The man opened his eyes and moved his lips as if________that he had something to tell the doctor. A．saying C．to say 答案 C
解析 as if后省略掉了he was。 归纳拓展
?1?as if可引导状语从句也可用在look， seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。
?2?as if 还可用于省略句中。如果as if 引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略 主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词?短语?、介词短语或分词。 ?3?as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生 或存在的事实时。
?4?as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能 发生或存在的情况时。
3单元语法：v.-ing作定语和状语 学情诊断
用-ing形式改写下列句子
(1)The man who is speaking to the teacher is his father. →The man speaking_to the teacher is his father. (2)In the years that followed，he worked even harder. →In the following years，he worked even harder.
B．having said D．to have said
(3)While he was waiting for the bus，he read a copy of China Daily. →While_waiting_for_the_bus，he read a copy of China Daily. (4)Her mother died in 1990，and left her with her younger brother. →Her mother died in 1990，leaving_her with her younger brother. (5)If you use your head，you will find a way. →Using_your_head，you will find a way.
Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词
1．dash：to run or travel somewhere in a great hurry
2．association：group of people organized for a special purpose 3．cheek：either side of the face below the eye
4．flight：the act of flying，especially scheduled on a plane 5．hug：to put your arms around sb. and hold them tightly Ⅱ.语境填词
represent，easy，function，approach，defend
1．The protesters represented only a small section of public opinion. 2．You have a right to defend yourself if you are being attacked. 3．The College Entrance Examinations are approaching.Let’s be ready for it. 4．Nurses do all they can to make patients feel at ease. 5．I couldn’t ring you because the phone wasn’t functioning. Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分
1．I was crossing the street when I saw a truck coming_closer with great speed.approaching 2．Dark clouds are gathering.It may rain soon.is_likely_to 3．He put his hands over his head to_protect_his_head.in_defence 4．While she_was_cleaning her room, she received an unexpected call.cleaning 5．I went up to say_“hello”_to him, but he ignored me.greet Ⅳ.微写作(19)
写作素材
1．一般说来，不同文化的人们有着不同的打招呼的方式。 2．有的拥抱，有的握手。 3．有时有可能引起误会。
4．当我们身处异国，我们要记得我们代表着自己的国家，不要给国家丢脸。 5．在国内时，要尽可能让异国他乡的人感觉舒适。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
In general, people from different cultures have different ways to greet each other.Some hug and some shake hands.They are likely to have misunderstanding.So when abroad, we should know we are representing our country and try not to lose face；while at home, we should try to put foreigners at ease.
Ⅴ.微语法(19)——非谓语动词作宾语 (课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________in the South China Sea. (2012·福建，28) A．attacking
B．having attacked D．having been attacked
C．being attacked 答案 C
解析 根据题干中出现的“prevent Chinese fishing boats from________”可知此处考查prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.结构。根据句意可判断渔船应该是“被攻击”，故应选择动名词的被动形式，从而排除表示主动形式的A、B两项；D项having been attacked为动名词的完成被动式，表示动作已完成，而题干句意并未表明渔船已经受到了攻击，故排除D项。正确答案为C项。
2．We’ve had a good start，but next，more work needs ________ to achieve the final success.
(2012·湖南，21)
A．being done C．to be done 答案 C
解析 句意为：我们已经有一个好的开始，但是下一步更多的工作需要去做以取得最后的成功。need作实义动词后接动词作宾语有两种结构： need doing意为“需要被做”，可以用 need to be done转换。
3．If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but ________ an even greater challenge.
(2012·陕西，22)
A．meets 答案 D
解析 考查非谓语动词。所填词与前文构成固定句型have no choice but to do sth.，故选D项。
4．—Is there any possibility of the film________in the festival? —Not in the least，because the audience generally think little of it.
B．meeting
C．meet
D．to meet
B．do D．to do
A．trying out C．to try out 答案 D
B．tried out D．being tried out
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词的复合结构作介词of的宾语。又根据句意可知，介词of后的名词the film为try out的逻辑主语，且它们之间为动宾关系，故应用动名词的被动式。
5．I’d like ________ the games with you but I had extra work to do. A．to enjoy
B．to be enjoyed D．to have been enjoyed
C．to have enjoyed 答案 C
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。表示“本想去做却没做”，用would like to have done。句意为：我原来打算和你一块去看比赛的，但是我得加班。