Description
Adversenaturalphenomenasuchasflood,drought,hailstorm,heat
Naturaldisasterwave,forestfore,hurricanesor
typhoons,tornado,tsunami,landsidesandmudslides,orvolcaniceruption.Theyarerelatedtoeachother.Anunderseaearthquakemayresultina
RelationshipBetweenTwoDisasterstsunami.Whilethereisalongdry
spellInonearea,theremaybeagreatfloodinanother.
Duringadrought,foodandwatersuppliescanrunlow,andothercondition,suchasfamine,canresult.Droughtareparticularly
Droughtdamaginginareasinwhichtheresidentsdependonagricultureforsurvival.Floodscanbecausedbylongrainfallfromastorm,includingthunderstorms,rapidmeltingofalargeamountsofsnow,orriverswhichswellfromtoomuchprecipitationupstream,causingwidespreaddamagetoareasdownstream.Anothercauseofafloodistheburstingofman-madedams.
Flood
VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTask1:DescriptionofaTsunamiScript
Astrangehissingnoisefilledtheair,saidwitnessestothedisaster,andthatwasfollowedbyanear-shatteringroar.Racingtowardtheshoreatspeedof450kilometersperhourwasavastblackwallofwatermorethan20metershigh.
Forsunbathersonthebeachesanddinersatoutdoorbeachfrontcafestherewasnoescape.Alongwithfishingboats,automobiles,trams,trains,early-morningshoppersandbeachbungalowstheyweresmashedtothegroundandsweptasfarastwokilometersinlandbytheforceofthetsunamithatcameafteraforce9earthquakedeepundertheseaoffthecoastofSumatra.
Manylocalresidents,includingnumerouschildren,rushedontothebeachtopickupfishthrownashorebythefirstgiantwave.Beforetheycouldreturntosafety,asecondpowerfulwavestruckandsweptthemtotheirdeathsatsea.
Whentheworstofthewatersfinallyretreatedbackintotheocean,bodieslayeverywhere,andmanyhungfromtrees.Atleast140,000peoplediedinthefloodingaroundtherimoftheIndianOceanandasfarawayasKenyaandSomalia.Stillmissingaremorethanathousandpeople,amongthen200Indonesianfishmen.HundredsoffishingvillageinIndia,Indonesia,SriLankaandThailandarecutofffromsuppliesofcleanwater,foodandmedicines.Reliefeffortsfromacrosstheglobearerushingtowardsthedisasterarea.Whethertheywillbeabletopreventfurtherdeathsfromdiseaseremaintobeseen.
8.Whathappenedaftershoppersweresmashedtotheground?
9.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedafterthefirstgiantwave?10.Howmanypeoplearemissinginthedisaster?
11.Whatmayfollowimmediatelyafterthedisaster,accordingtothepassage?12.Whatidthepassagemainlyabout?
Keys:1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A
Task2:DroughtinSouthAfricaScript
SouthAfricaisheadingforadisasterinthenewyearbecauseofadrought.Thewaterlevelatsomedamshavedroppedbelow20%whilethegroundwatertablehasdroppedbyasmuchs30meters
Emergencymeasurehavebeenintroducedensurethatmillionsofpeoplehaveenoughwatertosurvive.Inruralareaswithoutdams,thegovernmenthastosendwaterbytruckandsinknew,deeperwellstoprovidedrinkingwater.Tankedwaterisprovidedabout3.5millionSouthAfricans.Peopleherenormallyusebarely30litersaday,andisimpossibletofurtherlimittheirusage.Thatiswhyagriculturalusehastoberestricted.
Morethan100,000farmworkersmightlosetheirjobsifitdoesnotrainsoon.Waterrestrictions,whichhaveanegativeinfluenceontheagriculturalsectorinparticular,havealreadybeenimposedinseveraldistricts.Farmershavebeenforcedtostopirrigatingtheircropstoensurethatenoughwaterisavailablefordomesticuse.Maizefarmersintheeasternpartsofthecountryhavealmostnohopeofplantingtheircropintime.Theyneedrainwithinthenexttwoweekstobeabletostartplanting.Wherefarmersdidsow,theseedlingshavebeenscorchedunderthesun.
Anestimated40,000headoflivestockhavediedbecauseofthedryspell.Thousandsofstockfarmerswillhavetoslaughtertheirlivestockonalargescalebecausethereisnograssleft.
Thepartssufferingthemostwereruralareaswithoutdams.Ifitdoesnotrain,thepeopletherewillfaceahugecrisis.Keys:FFTFT
Task3:Script
BravefiremenAfirestartedonsomegrasslandnearafarminAlberta,Canada.Thefiredepartmentfromthenearbytownwascalledtoputthefireout.Thefireprovedtobemorethanthesmalltownfiredepartmentcouldhandle,sosomeonesuggestedthataruralvolunteerfirecompanybecalled.Sincethecompanywascomposedentirelyofmenover65,therewasdoubtthattheywouldbeofassistance.Butwithnootherhelpavailable,thefarmercalledthefirecompanyaway.
Thevolunteerfirecompany’smenarrivedinadilapidatedoldfiretruck.Thetruckdrovestraighttowardthefireand,insteadofstoppinginfrontofthefire,droverightontothemiddleoftheflames.Thevolunteerfiremenjumpedoffthetruckandstartedsprayingwaterinalldirections.Soontheyhadputoutthecenterofthefire,breakingtheblazeintotwoeasilycontrollableparts.Afteranhourofintensefighting,theyhadextinguishedthefire.Thefarmerwasimpressedbythebravevolunteerfiremenandtheirwork.Hewassogratefulthathisfarmhadbeensparedthathepresentedthevolunteercompanywithacheckfor$10,000.
Alocalnewsreporteraskedthevolunteerfirecaptainwhatthecompanyplannedtodowiththefunds.Thefiremanlookedhimrightintheeyeandsaid,“Thatshouldbeobvious.Thefirstthingwe’regoingtodoistogetthebrakesfixedonthatstupidfiretruck.”
ForReference
1.Sincethecompanywascomposedentirelyofmenover65,therewasdoubtthattheywouldbeofassistance.Butthefarmercalledthefirecompanyawaybecausethefireprovedtobemorethanthesmalltownfiredepartmentcouldhandle,andtherewasnootherhelpavailable.
2.Thetruckdrovestraighttowardthefireand,insteadofstoppinginfrontofthefire,droverightontothemiddleoftheflames.
3.Afteranhourofintensefighting,theyhadextinguishedthefire.4.Hepresentedthevolunteercompanywithacheckfor$10,000.
Thecaptainsaid,“Thefirstthingwe’regoingtodoistogetthebrakesfixedonthatstupidfiretruck.”Thatsuggeststhattheydroverightintothemiddleoftheflamesbecauseofuselessbrakesratherbravery.
Ch
NewsReportAustralianWaterspoutScript
AbigtwisterstrucktheSydneytoHobartyachtracelateonWednesday,nearlyknockingouttheteamhighlyfavoredtowin,Nicorette.
DisasterstrucktheSwedishmaxiyachtofftheeastcoastofAustralia,tearingitsmainsailandnearlycarryingawayskipperLuddeIngvall.
Whenaskedabouthisencounterwiththewaterspout,Ingvalldescribedtheexperienceas“surreal”.
Ingvall,aseasonedsailor,saidthathe’sseentwistersbeforebuthadalwaysmanagedtoavoidthem.Thisone,however,seemedtobefollowingthemandtheyhadnochoicebuttogorightthroughthemiddleofit.
TheencounterwiththetwisterforcedNicorettetodropintofifteenthplaceovernight.
Crewmembervaliantlybattledextremeweatherwhileattemptingtokeeptheyachtocourse.
SkipperIngvallreportedthattheteamwasnowinsixthplaceandmakingupgroundwiththeuseofitsbackupmainsail.
NicorettemanagedtogetbackontrackonThursday,closingthegaponteamIllbruckofGermany,thecurrentleader.
ThisfootagefromvideotakenaboardtheNicoretteshowstheterribleconditionstheyexperiencedastheystruggledtostayintherace.
Ittookrealteamworktogettheunluckyyachtbackintothisposition.Evenundertheseharshestofconditions,theNicoretteteammanagedtoworktogethertomakeamiraculousrecovery.Buttheteamhasahistoryofsuccessfulteamwork.Lastyear,Nicoretteachievedthesecond-fastestlinehonorsvictoryinthe57-yearhistoryofthe630nauticalmileSydneytoHobartrace.TheonlyyachttosurpassNicorette’stimewasthe60-footDanishNokia,settingtherecordof1day,19hours,48minutes,and2secondsin1999.
EarlieronThursday,8ofthe75entrantsdroppedoutoftheraceafteranightofthunderstormactivityandwindsofupto30knots.
TeamIllbruckistheoverallwinnersofaraftertwolegsotherace,butthereisstillmoreracetogo.
BoatarecurrentlyenroutetoAuckland,NewZealandastheybeginthethirdlegofthearoundtheworldrace.
Nicorettestillhasachancetofinishinoneofthetopspotsdespitetheincredibleobstaclethatalmoststoppedthem.