目 录
摘要………………………………………………..…………………………….I Abstract…………………………………………..……………………………..II
第1章 绪论 ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究的背景 .............................................................................................. 1
1.1.1 大学校园的巨型化 ....................................................................... 1 1.1.2 城市与大学的关系日趋紧密 ....................................................... 2 1.1.3 快速建设背景下的校前区景观雷同 ........................................... 2 1.2 研究的意义 .............................................................................................. 4 1.3 国内外相关研究理论 .............................................................................. 5
1.3.1 大学校园景观设计理论 ............................................................... 5 1.3.2 校前空间设计理论 ....................................................................... 6 1.3.3 环境心理学理论 ........................................................................... 6 1.3.4 环境生态学 ................................................................................... 6 1.4 研究的方法和论文框架 .......................................................................... 7
1.4.1 论文框架 ....................................................................................... 7 1.4.2 研究的方法 ................................................................................... 8
第2章 校前空间概述与解析 ............................................................................. 9
2.1 校前空间的相关概念 .............................................................................. 9
2.1.1 入口区 ........................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 校前区 ........................................................................................... 9 2.2 校前空间的功能 .................................................................................... 12
2.2.1 校前空间起联系城市与校园的纽带作用 ................................. 12 2.2.2 校前空间为社会开放校园资源、提供综合服务 ..................... 12 2.2.3 师生认同感与归属感的营造 ..................................................... 12 2.3 校前空间设计发展历程 ........................................................................ 14
2.3.1 国外大学校前空间发展历程 ..................................................... 14 2.3.2 国内大学校前空间发展历程 ..................................................... 15
2.4 高校校前空间的发展趋势 .................................................................... 16
2.4.1 校前空间功能的复合化 ............................................................. 16 2.4.2 校前空间规模的扩大化 ............................................................. 16 2.4.3 校前空间设计的人性化 ............................................................. 16 本章小结： ................................................................................................... 16 第3章 校前空间景观构成 ............................................................................... 17
3.1 自然景观 ................................................................................................ 17
3.1.1 山体景观 ..................................................................................... 17 3.1.2 水体景观 ..................................................................................... 18 3.1.3 植被景观 ..................................................................................... 19 3.2 人造景观 ................................................................................................ 20
3.2.1 建筑小品 ..................................................................................... 20 3.2.2 景观设施 ..................................................................................... 21 3.3 人为活动景观 ........................................................................................ 22 本章小结： ................................................................................................... 22 第4章 不同空间的景观设计 ........................................................................... 23
4.1 校门入口区 ............................................................................................ 23
4.1.1校门的设计 .................................................................................. 23 4.1.2 校园与城市的界面的设计 ......................................................... 26 4.2 校前区建筑 ............................................................................................ 28 4.3 公共开敞区 ............................................................................................ 29
4.3.1 校前广场 ..................................................................................... 29 4.3.2 开放绿地 ..................................................................................... 30 4.4 道路交通景观设计 ................................................................................ 30
4.4.1 车行道景观 ................................................................................. 30 4.4.2 步行道景观 ................................................................................. 31 本章小结： ................................................................................................... 32 第5章 校前空间的景观设计方法与原则 ....................................................... 33
5.1 校前空间景观设计方法 ........................................................................ 33
5.1.1 从研究校园文化、地域特色到景观设计创新 ......................... 33 5.1.2 师生和周边居民的公众参与 ..................................................... 34 5.1.3 大学校园人文尺度理想模型的建立 ......................................... 36 5.2 校前空间景观设计原则 ........................................................................ 37
5.2.1 生态化原则 ................................................................................. 37 5.2.2 以人为本原则 ............................................................................. 38 5.2.3 开放性原则 ................................................................................. 39 本章小结： ................................................................................................... 39 第6章 青岛理工大学黄岛新校区校前区景观设计 ....................................... 40
6.1 项目概述 ................................................................................................ 40
6.1.1 项目背景 ..................................................................................... 40 6.1.2 项目区位 ..................................................................................... 40 6.1.3 基地地理条件分析 ..................................................................... 41 6.2 青岛理工大学黄岛新校区总体规划布局 ............................................ 41
6.2.1 规划布局结构 ............................................................................. 41 6.2.2 绿地景观系统 ............................................................................. 42 6.3 黄岛新校区校前空间景观设计 ............................................................ 43
6.3.1 对于校园文化与地域特色的分析解读 ..................................... 43 6.3.2 新校区建设中的师生参与 ......................................................... 46 6.3.3 校前空间尺度模型的建立 ......................................................... 46 6.3.4 校前空间景观设计总体构思 ..................................................... 48 6.3.5 校门和校前区建筑设计 ............................................................. 50 6.3.6 校前区主要景观节点 ................................................................. 56
结语 ....................................................................................................................... 59 参考文献 ............................................................................................................... 60 攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文及科研工作 ............................................... 61 致谢 ...................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
摘 要
随着经济知识时代的到来，高等教育体制发生了重大变革。开放式办学理念的推行，使得大学和城市的关系日益密切。作为大学校园与城市内外联系的通道，校前空间的环境质量越来越受到师生和城市居民的重视。
高校的扩招导致校园用地规模的扩大化。在此背景下，大学校园校前空间正向着规模扩大化、功能复合化、设计人性化的方向发展。而在缺乏对学校历史、地域特色、学科特色认识的情况下进行设计，往往导致校前空间景观的雷同与校园个性的缺失。
本文分析了时代发展和教育改革对校前空间规模、功能、形式的影响。通过案例研究，提出运用公众参与、建立尺度模型、研究校园文化和地域特色的设计方法进行景观设计创新，避免景观雷同。同时指出校前空间景观设计应保持“开放性”、“生态性”、和“以人为本”的设计原则。
文章最后，以青岛理工大学黄岛新校区校前空间景观设计的实例，说明前文所总结出的设计原则与设计方法在设计实践中的具体应用和注意要点。
关键词： 大学校园 校前空间 景观设计 校园文化 地域性
Abstract
Along with the economical knowledge time's arrival, the higher education system has had the significant transformation. Open style school idea's carrying out, causes the university and the urban relations are close day by day. The channel which relates as inside and outside the university campus and the city, the Campus-front space environment quality receives the teachers and students and city people's value more and more.
University's expanded recruitment of students,then the campus is getting bigger and bigger. In this case, the Campus-front space is turning toward the scale magnification, the function recombine, the design user-friendly direction to develop. But in lacks in the situation which to the school history, the region characteristic, the discipline characteristic knew to carry on the design, often causes the Campus-front space landscape identical and the campus individuality flaw.
This article has analyzed the time development and the educational reform Campus-front space scale, the function, the form influence. Through the case study, proposed that participates, the establishment criterion model using public, studying the campus culture and the region characteristic design method.Before simultaneously refers to Campus-front space landscape design should maintain “openness”, “the ecology”, and “humanist” the principle of design.
The article is final, by Qingdao University of Science and Technology Huang Dao the school district landscape design's example, explained that the principle of design and the design method and pay attention to the important points in the design practice's concrete application.
key word ：University campus; Campus-front space;Landscape desigh; Campus culture; Regional characteristic