正确答案:The more mental satisfaction the better.
题目详解:根据问题中?the main concern of man on the fourth level?的提示，从第4段的第3句中?this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement and happiness?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
5. The author is inclined to think that a fifth level ____.
A . will become attainable provided The author is inclined to think that a fifth level ____. B . can be the last and most satisfying level C . would be a little better than the fourth level D . may be a lot more desirable than the first four
正确答案:may be a lot more desirable than the first four
题目详解:根据问题中?is inclined to think that a fifth level?的提示，从最后一段文章的最后一句中?… seek to ensure… enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels (人们追求的是健康、安全、有足够的时间，去更加充分地享受前四个阶段得到的东西)?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
Some individuals and citizens' groups have expressed concern about the level of violence in television programs, particularly in action-adventure series and cartoons. They argue that viewers, especially children, may learn to see violence as the only way to resolve conflicts. Early experimental researchers compared the play of children who had seen aggressive behavior on television with the play of a control group of children who had watched nonviolent programs. Concern was intensified by findings that indicated a higher level of aggressive play in the violent-television group. Other researchers attempted to determine whether violent programs simply stimulated higher energy levels in children or actually caused them to learn violent and antisocial behavior. The results of different studies conflicted. Some researchers claimed that televised violence actually had a positive cathartic(导泄的) effect, allowing some viewers to release heightening tensions; these findings, however, were not confirmed in further studies. Other scholars pointed out that both pro-social and antisocial behavior can be learned from television. Social scientists find it especially difficult to assess accurately the subtle, cumulative(积累的) effects of viewing a broad variety of television programs throughout childhood. Distinguishing the possible effects of television from other influences at home and at school is also difficult. Current research suggests that moderately higher levels of antisocial behavior can be traced to television viewing, but further study needs to be done to confirm it. Because of the long-standing tradition in the U. S. of freedom of speech and of the press, the government would probably not attempt to directly limit or censor(审查) the appearance of violence on television. Among the networks and producers, pressure from concerned citizens continues to be balanced by increasing popularity of high-energy action-adventure programs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A . Levels of violence in action-adventure series and cartoons. B . Violence in television programs. C . Educational programs for children. D . Researches on television programs.
正确答案:Violence in television programs.
题目详解:根据问题中?What is the passage mainly about?的提示，从第一段的第一句中?…expressed concern about the level of violence in television programs (个人与公民团体表达了对电视节目中暴力行为的程度的关心)?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \in television programs\符合题意。
2. Those researchers who believe violence on TV has a positive effect on viewers think that ____.
A . it helps people to fight various social evils before them B . it helps let out people's undesirable emotions C . it stimulates higher energy levels in children
D . it teaches people not to use violence to resolve conflicts
正确答案:it helps let out people's undesirable emotions
题目详解:根据问题中?has a positive effect on viewers think?的提示，从第2段第5句中?a positive cathartic effect（积极地排泄作用）和 to release heightening tensions（缓解不断上升的紧张感）?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
3. A \
A . that meets the expectation of the society B . that is against the social norm
C . that can often be shaped by TV programs
D . that a child shows in communication with people
正确答案:that meets the expectation of the society
题目详解:根据问题中?A \?的提示，从第二段最后一句中?both prosocial and antisocial behavior （不利于和有利于社会的行为）?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \meets the expectation of the society\符合题意。
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A . The effect of violent TV programs on children needs further study. B . Television viewing leads naturally to antisocial behavior.
C . Violence on television does not help shape violent behavior in children.
D . Both prosocial and antisocial behaviors can be learned from violent programs.
正确答案:The effect of violent TV programs on children needs further study.
题目详解:根据问题中?Which of the following statements is TRUE?的提示，从文章最后一句中?pressure from concerned citizens continues to be balanced by increasing popularity of high-energy action-adventure programs?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \TV programs on children needs further study\符合题意。
5. The last sentence of the passage implies ____.
A . without violence, action-adventure programs would be more popular
B . producers and concerned citizens can work together to clean up TV programs C . violence in television programs will continue to appear in the future D . the government will have to ban violence on TV under public pressure
正确答案:violence in television programs will continue to appear in the future
题目详解:根据问题中?The last sentence of the passage?的提示，从文章的最后一句中?pressure from concerned citizens continues to be balanced （来自于关心这件事的公民的压力逐渐被抵消了）?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \in television programs will continue to appear in the future\符合题意。
Darwin's great work, The Origin of Species, is now generally accepted as one of the most important books ever written. But when it first came out in 1859, it was both derided（嘲笑）and bitterly condemned by scientists and laymen. Much of opposition to The Origin of Species arose from Darwin's claim that all living creatures, including man, are somehow related. Many people were outraged by the suggestion that man shared a common ancestor with animals such as apes and monkeys. They attacked Darwin for saying that man had descended from the apes. But Darwin never actually said this. He believed that modern men and modern apes have both descended from the same ancestor. But at some time in pre-history, millions of years ago, men and apes began to develop separately, and ever since have continued to take on different characteristics. Today, more than 90 years after Darwin's death, this is the opinion which scientists continue to hold. In his works, Darwin described the progression of life from its earliest forms. First came the invertebrates-creatures without a backbone. Then invertebrates evolved into fish; fish into amphibians（两栖动物）; Amphibians into reptiles; and reptiles into birds and mammals. Fossil remains found after his death show that Darwin was right. Perhaps the most amazing fact about his theory is that he managed to work it out with the aid of only a few fossil discoveries. Fossil remains were not the only information which we now possess but which Darwin lacked. He did not know that apes have the same diseases as men; nor that they and men have the same kind of blood. Nor did he know about the modern uses of radiation which enable scientists to tell age of fossil remains and so estimate the speed at which evolution has taken place.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. The main claim made by Darwin in The Origin of species is that________. A . man is descended from the apes
B . apes and monkeys have a common ancestor C . apes will one day become men
D . man and apes share a common ancestor
正确答案:man and apes share a common ancestor
题目详解:根据问题中?The main claim made by Darwin?的提示，从第2段中第2句中?the suggestion that man shared a common ancestor with animals such as apes and monkeys?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
2. The Origin of species was bitterly attacked when first published_______ A . But scientists today still believe that Darwin's theories correct B . But most people quickly accepted his ideas C . But only by scientists
D . And Darwin changed his own views soon after publication
正确答案:But scientists today still believe that Darwin's theories correct
题目详解:根据问题中?The Origin of species was bitterly attacked when?的提示，从第1段中第1句中?is now generally accepted as one of the most important books ever written?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
3. The word \A . biologists B . experts
C . ordinary people D . scientists
正确答案:ordinary people
题目详解:根据问题中?The word \?的提示，从第一段的最后一句中?bitterly condemned by scientists and laymen中的 \和 \相比较?提供的信息判断，出选项中的 \符合题意。
4. According to Darwin's description of the progression of life _______. A . Reptiles evolved from birds and mammals B . Amphibians evolved from fish
C . Creatures without a backbone evolved from fish D . Fish evolved from vertebrates
正确答案:Amphibians evolved from fish
题目详解:根据问题中?Darwin's description of the progression of life?的提示，从第四段的最后一句中?fish into amphibians; amphibians into reptiles?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
5. Since Darwin's time there has been further evidence to support his theory. Which of these is NOT an example of this? A . Similarities of bone structure. B . Similarities in diseases.
C . The use of radiation to estimate the age of fossil remains. D . Similarities in blood.
正确答案:Similarities of bone structure.
题目详解:根据问题中?Which of these is NOT an example of this?的提示，从最后一段文章中?apes have the same diseases as men; nor that they and men have the same kind of blood. No did he know about the modern uses of radiation?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。
Native Americans from the southeastern part of what is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three separate, but related, worlds: the Upper world, the Lower World, and This World. In the last there lived humans, most animals, and all plants. This World, a round island resting on the surface of waters, was suspended from the sky by four cords attached to the island at the four cardinal points of the compass. Lines drawn to connect the opposite points of the compass, from north to south and from east to west, intersected This World to divide it into four wedge-shaped segments. Thus a symbolic representation of the human world was a cross within a circle, the cross representing the intersecting lines and the circle the shape of This World. Each segment of this world was identified by its own color. According to Cherokee doctrine, east was associated with the color red because it was the direction of the Sun, the greatest deity of all. Red was also the color of fire, believed to be directly connected with the Sun, with blood, and therefore with life. Finally, red was the color of success. The west was the Moon segment; it provided no warmth and was not life-giving as the Sun was. So its color was black. North was the direction of cold, and so its color was blue (sometimes purple), and it represented trouble and defeat. South was the direction of warmth: its color, white, was associated with peace and happiness. The southeastern \was one in which opposites were constantly at war with each other, red against black, blue against white. This world hovered somewhere between the perfect order and predictability of the Upper World and the total disorder and instability of the Lower World. The goal was to find some kind of halfway path, or balance, between those other worlds.