in the Bill of Quantities．
18．在施工中，工程师如在任何时间要求承包人钻孔或进行挖掘勘探，此种要求必须作成书面形式，且得视为是根据本合同第51条规定作出的附加命令，除非数量清单中已经列有有关此种预计工程的备用款。
19．The Contractor shall in connection with the Works provide and maintain at his own cost all lights，guards，fencing and watching when and where necessary or required by the Engineer or the Engineer's Representative，or by any duly constituted authority， for the protection of the Works，or for the safety and convenience of the public or others．
19．凡有必要或应工程师或工程师代表、或任何正式成立的工程管理处的要求，承包人必须自费提供和维护与工程有关的所有灯光、警卫、栅栏和看护以保卫工程，或保障公众及其他人的安全和便利。
20．（1）From the commencement of the Works until the date stated in the Certificate of completion for the whole of the Works pursuant to Clause 48 hereof the Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care thereof．Provided that if the Engineer shall issue a Certificate of Completion in respect of any part of the Permanent Works the Contractor shall cease to be liable for the care of that part of the Permanent Works from the date stated in the Certificate of Completion in respect of that part and the
responsibility for the care of that part shall pass to the Employer． Provided further that the Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care of any outstanding work which he shall have undertaken to finish during the Period of Maintenance until such outstanding work is completed．In case any damage，loss or injury shall happen to the Works，or to any part thereof，from any cause whatsoever，save and except the excepted risks as defined in subclause（2）of this Clause，while the Contractor shall be responsible for the care thereof the Contractor shall，at his own cost，repair and make good the same，so that at completion the Permanent Works shall be in good order and condition and in conformity in every respect with the requirements of
the Contract and the Engineer's instructions．In the event of any such damage loss or injury happening from any of the excepted risks，the Contractor shall，if and to the extent required by the Engineer and subject always to the provisions of Clause 65 hereof， repair and make good the same as aforesaid at the cost of the Employer．The Contractor shall also be liable for any damage to the Works occasioned by him in the course of any operations carried out by him for the purpose of completing any outstanding work or complying with his obligations under Clauses 49 or 50 hereof．
20．1从开工至按本合同第48条中的竣工证书规定的日期为止，承包人都得对工程全权负责。只要工程师就永久性工程的任何部分签发了竣工证书，承包人从部分竣工证书中规定的日期起不再对永久性工程的此部分负责，此部分的责任则转至业主。此外，承包人必须对任何尚未完工而他得在维护期内完成的工程负全权维护，直至此种工程完工。如工程或其任何部分出现任何损害、损失或毁坏，不论何种原因，除本条第2款规定的除外风险外，承包人均得自费负责修理和修补，以确保永久性工程竣工时处于状态良好，各方面都合乎合同的要求和工程师的指示。如因除外风险而导致任何损害、损失或毁坏发生，承包人必须应工程师的要求（如果有）以及本合同第65条的规定，如上所述，进行修理和修补，费用由业主承担。承包人也必须对为完成未竣工程或履行本合同第49或50条规定的义务，在施工过程中对工程造成的任何损害负责。
（2）“The excepted risks' are war，hostilities（whether war be declared or not），invasion act of foreign enemies，rebellion，revolution，insurrection or military or usurped power，civil war，or unless solely restricted to employees of the Contractor or of his sub-contractors and arisingfrom the conduct of the Works，riot，commotion or disorder，or use or occupation by the Employer of any part of the Permanent Works，or a cause solely due to the Engineer's design of the Works，or ionizing radiation，or contamination by radio-activity from any nuclear fuel or from any nuclear waste from the combustion of nuclear fuel，radio-active toxic explosive，or other hazardous properties of any explosive，nuclear assembly or nuclear component thereof，pressure waves caused by aircraft or other aerial devices travelling at sonic or supersonic speeds，or any such operation of the forces of nature as an
experienced contractor could not foresee，or reasonably -make provision for or insure against all of which are herein collectively referred to as“the excepted risks'．
20．2“除外风险”包括战争、敌对状态（无论是否宣战）、侵略、外国敌人行为、叛乱、革命、起义或兵变或篡权、内战、或不是由承包商的雇员、其转包人单独制造和不是因工程管理而发生的暴动、骚乱或混乱、或因业主使用或占用任何部分的永久性工程、或纯属工程师工程设计的原因、或因任何核燃料或核燃料燃烧后的废料以及放射性有毒爆炸物引起的辐射和污染、或任何爆炸物、核装置或核装置部件的其他危险特性、以音速、超音速飞行的飞机或其他飞行物的压力波以及其他任何此种自然力的作用，其不能为有经验的承包商所预见，也不能合理提供物资或投保与之对抗，所有这一切在本合同中都被称为“除外风险”。
21．Without limiting his obligations and responsibilities under Clause 20 hereof，the Contractor shall insure in the joint names of the Employer and the Contractor against all loss or damage from whatever cause arising，other than the excepted risks，for which he is responsible under the terms of the Contract and in such manner that the Employer and Contractor are covered for the period stipulated in Clause 20（1）hereof and are also covered during the Period of Maintenance for loss or damage arising from a cause，occurring prior to the commencement of the Period of Maintenance，and for any loss or damage occasioned by the Contractor in the course of any operations carried out by him for the purpose of complying with his obligations under Clauses 49 and 50 hereof；
21．承包人必须以业主和承包人的共同名义，为防止合同规定的应由承包人负责的、除外风险外的一切损失或损害投保，不论其由什么原因造成，此种投保不得减少本合同第20条所规定的承包人的义务和责任，业主和承包人的保险除包括本合同第20．1条规定的期限外，还包括因维护期开始前发生的原因而在维护期内产生的损失或损害，以及承包人在履行本合同第49或50条规定的义务而开展任何工作期间所造成的任何损失或损害。投保项目包括：
（a）The Works for the time being executed to the estimated current contract value thereof，or such additional sum as may be specified in Part 11 in the
Clause numbered 21，together with the materials for incorporation in the works at their replacement value．
（1）正在施工的工程，按其目前的合同价值，或按21条第2款可能规定的附加款额，连同按替换价值计算的用于工程的材料。
（b）The Constructional Plant and other things brought on to thethe replacement value of such Constructional Plant and other things． （2）承包商带到工地上的建筑成套设备和其他物品，按其替换价值投保。 Such insurance shall be effected with an insurer and in terms apwhich approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, and the Contractor shall , whenever required , produce to the Engineer or the Engineer's Representative the policy or policies of insurance and the receipts for payment of the current premiums．
此种保险必须在一保险公司投放，条款得经业主认可，业主不得无故不同意投保，承包人必须随时应要求向工程师或工程师代表出示保险单和支付现行保险费的收据。 22．（1）The Contractor shall，except if and so far as the Contract provides otherwise，indemnify the Employer against all losses and claims in respect of injuries or damage to any person or material or physical damage to any property whatsoever which may arise out of or in consequence of the execution and maintenance of the Works and against all claims，proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses whatsoever in respect of or in relation thereto except any compensation or damages for or with respect to：
22．1除合同另有规定外，承包人必须保护业主不得因施工和工程维护而产生或导致的任何人员伤害、材料损失及财产损失而受任何损失和作任何赔偿，且不因所有与之有关的任何索赔、诉讼、损害赔偿金、诉讼费、开支和费用而受损失，对下列事项所作或与之有关的补偿或损害赔偿除外：
（a）The permanent use or occupation of land by the Works or any part thereof． 工程或部分工程永久使用或占用土地；
（b）The right of the Employer to execute the Works or any part thereof on，over，under in or through any land．
业主在任何土地面上、上方、下面、里面或经过部分施工或部分施工的权利；
（c）Injuries or damage to persons or property which are the unavoidable result of the execution or maintenance of the Works in accordance with the Contract．
按合同规定施工或维护工程而不可避免的人身伤害或财产损失；
（d）Injuries or damage to persons or property resulting from any act or neglect of the Employer，his agents，servants or other contractors，not being employed by the Contractor，or for or in respect of any claims，proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses in respect thereof or in relation thereto or where the injury or damage was contributed to by the Contractor， his servants or agents such part of the compensation as may be just and equitable having regard to the extent of the responsibility of the Employer，his servants or agents or other contractors for the damage or injury． 因业主、其代理人、雇员或其他不为承包人所雇用的承包商的任何行为或过失所造成的人员伤害或财产损失，或与之有关的任何索赔、诉讼、损害赔偿金、诉讼费、开支和费用，或曾由承包人、其雇员或代理人承担的，但原本应当由业主、其雇员或代理人或其他承包商负责的那部分涉及损失或伤害的赔偿。
（2）The Employer shall indemnify the Contractor against all claims，proceedings，damages，costs, charges and expenses in respect of the matters referred to in the provision sub-clause （1）of this Clause．
22．2业主必须保护承包人不因与本条第1款规定事项有关的一切索赔、诉讼、损害赔偿金、诉讼费、开支和费用而受损失。
23．（1）Before commencing the execution of the Works the Contractor，but without limiting
his obligations and responsibilities under Clause 22 hereof，shall insure against his liability for anymaterial or physical damage，loss or injury which may occur to any property，including that of the Employer，or to any person，including any employee of the Employer，by or arising out of the
execution of the Works or in the carrying out of the Contract，otherwise than due to the matters referred to in the provision Clause 22（1）hereof． 23．1在开工前，在不减少本合同第22条规定给他的义务和责任条件下，承包人必