浅谈企业税收筹划-所得税
摘要:我国的企业所得税制度,是随着改革开放和经济体制改革的不断推进而逐步建立、完善的。从1984年开始,在“利改税”的基础上,对国有企业所得税和税后上缴利润办法进一步改革,并考虑集体企业的税收负担和私营企业不断发展的情况,按企业所有制性质,分别设置了国营企业所得税、集体企业所得税和私营企业所得税三个税种。这三个税种在组织形式、财政收入、促进经济发展等方面都发挥了积极的作用。但也存在着税率不一、优惠各异、税负不公平的缺陷。
关键字:资产税务处理,计税基础,优惠政策,纳税筹划
朔州职业技术学院2012届毕业论文
Analysis and tax planning in corporate income tax
【Abstract】:China's corporate income tax system is the reform and opening up and economic reform with the continuous progress and gradually establishes and perfect. Beginning in 1984, in the \profit after tax measures to further reform and to consider the tax burden of collective enterprises and private enterprises, the development of the situation, according to the nature of enterprise ownership were set the state corporate income tax, corporate income tax and income tax of private collective of three types of taxes. The three forms of tax revenue in the organization, promoting economic development have played a positive role. But there are also different rates, different benefits and unfair tax burden defects. To solve the above problems, January 1, 1994, these three taxes combined into a unified domestic enterprise income tax, known as the corporate income tax. March 6, 2007 issued the \Tax Law,\the socialist market economy, the state and further standardize the distribution relationship between enterprises, and promote fair competition among enterprises.
【Keywords】: Tax treatment of assets, Tax base,Incentives, Tax planning
目 录
1 引言 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 2 企业所得税及纳税筹划的概述 .......................................................................................... 1 2.1 企业所得税的概述 ......................................................................................................... 1 2.1.1 纳税人与征税对象 ............................................................................................... 1 2.1.2适用税率 .................................................................................................................. 1 2.2企业所得税的纳税筹划 .................................................................................................. 1 2.2.1纳税筹划的概念 ...................................................................................................... 1 2.2.2 企业纳税筹划的意义 ............................................................................................. 2 2.3企业所得税纳税筹划现状及问题 .................................................................................. 2 3企业所得税的纳税筹划 ......................................................................................................... 3 3.1 企业所得税的优惠政策 ............................................................................................... 3 3.1.1 加计扣除优惠 ....................................................................................................... 4 3.1.2 减计收入优惠 ....................................................................................................... 4 3.1.3 税额抵免优惠 ....................................................................................................... 5 3.1.4 两类优惠利率 ....................................................................................................... 5 3.2 利用账面调整避税筹划案例分析 ............................................................................... 5 3.3 企业所得税利用临界点避税的筹划 ........................................................................... 6 4、对企业纳税筹划的建议 ...................................................................................................... 6 5结语 ......................................................................................................................................... 7 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................... 8 致谢 ............................................................................................................................................ 9
第 I 页 共 I 页
1 引言
企业所得税,是指我国境内除个人独资企业、合伙企业以外的企业和其他取得收入的组织,就其生产经营所得和其他所得征收的一种税。我国的企业税收制度,是随着改革开放和经济体制改革的不断推进而逐步建立、完善的。为进一步完善我国社会主义市场经济体制,促进经济增长方式转变和企业结构升级,促进区域经济协调发展,减轻和平衡各类强企业的税收负担,为各类企业创造一个公平竞争的市场环境。
2 企业所得税及纳税筹划的概述
2.1 企业所得税的概述
企业所得税法是国家制定的用以调整企业所得税征收与缴纳义务人之间权利及义务关系的法律规范。企业所得税是征收最为广泛、最为普遍的一个税种。企业所得税是一种直接税,是仅次于增值税的第二大税种。 2.1.1 纳税人与征税对象
纳税义务人,是指在中华人明共和国境内的企业、事业单位、社会团体以及取得其他收入的组织, 征税对象的一般规定:销售货物所的、提供劳务所得、转让财产所得、利息、红利等权益性投资所得、利息所得、租金所得、特许权使用费所得、接受捐赠所得、其他所得。 2.1.2适用税率
居民企业和在中国境内设有机构、场所且所得与机构、场所有关联的非居民企业适用25%税率;小型微利企业减按20%税率;国家重点扶持的高薪技术企业减按15%税率。在实际征税时,对符合条件的企业还可以适用15%、10%等优惠税率。 2.2企业所得税的纳税筹划 2.2.1纳税筹划的概念
所谓纳税筹划是对涉税业务进行策划,制作完整的纳税操作方案达到节税的目的。
第 1 页 共 9 页