2014八年级英语下人教版知识点全(6)

2019-03-28 16:56

This mooncake is nice than that one .

2. 有表示程度的副词a little , a bit , a few , a lot , much , even , still ,

Far , rather , any 等修饰时,用形容词比较级。

I feel even worse now . It is much colder today than before .

3. 表示两者之间“哪一个更??”:which \\ who is +形容词比较级, A or B ?

Who is taller , L i Ming or Wang Tao ?

Which sweater is more beautiful , the yellow one or the pink one ? 4. 表示“几倍于??”时, 用―A + 动词 + 倍数+比较级 + than + B ”

I am three years older than you .

5.表示“两者之间较??的一个”,常用 ―the +比较级‖结构 。 Mary is the taller of the twins .

6. 表示“越来越??”时,用比较级重叠结构,即―比较级 +and + 比较级 ‖,多音节 词和部分双音节词用―more and more +形容词原形 ‖ It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring .

Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful . 7. 表示―越??就越??‖时,用―the +比较级 , the +比较级 ‖ The harder he works , the richer he is .

The more we get together , the happier we’ll be .

(六)、形容词最高级的用法:

1.三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词最高级。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词

the , 句末常跟一个in \\ of 短语来表示范围。 He is the strongest of the three boys . Shanghai is the biggest city in china .

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2. 表示―三者或三者以上的人或物,哪一个最???‖用句型: Which \\ who is + the + 最高级 , A , B , or C ?

Which city is the most beautiful , Beijing , Shanghai or Fuzhou ?

3. 表示―最??的??之一‖ 时,用句型:

主语 + is + one of the +形容词最高级 +名词复数 。 Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers . 4. 形容词最高级前面可加序数词,表示“第几大 / 长 / 高 等”

Changjiang River is the first longest river in China .

5. 形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用the 。

This is our last lesson . Yesterday was his busiest day . 6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。 Li Lei is the tallest student in his class .

== Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class . == Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class . == Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class . ==No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class . ==No one is taller than Li Lei in his class .

== Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class . == Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class . (七)、--ing 形容词与--ed 形容词:

--ing 形容词表示―令人??的‖, 表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰或说明事物。如:surprising(令人惊讶的) , exciting (令人兴奋的), interesting(有趣的) 等。--ed 形容词表示―感到、、、、、、的‖,表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感

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受,主语一般是人:sb. + be +--ed 形容词 + 介词短语 。 如:surprised(感到惊讶的) , excited(感到兴奋的) , Interested(感到有趣的) 等。

We are all excited about the exciting news .

(八)在同一范围内比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外。 China is larger than any other country in Asia .( 在同一范围内)

China is larger than any country in Africa . (在不同范围内)

二、副词:用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念,主要修饰动词、形容词、其它副词

或整个句子。 ( 一).副词的分类:

1.时间副词:now , then , today , tomorrow , yesterday , before , ago , soon ,

Immediately , lately , early ,sometimes , often , always , usually , already , Yet , ever , never , seldom 。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志,需牢记。 2.地点副词:outside , inside , upstairs , here , there , home , near , away , In , back , off , up , anywhere 。

3.方式副词:quickly , happily , loudly , suddenly , luckily , badly , easily , fast , again 。方式副词大多由―形容词 +y ‖构成。 4.程度副词:very , quite , rather , too , much , so .

5. 疑问副词:when , where , why , how long , how soon , how often , How far . 疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。

6.关系副词:when , where , why , how 等。关系副词常用来引导从句。 (一)副词的用法:

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1.作状语,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或整个句子。

Please listen to me carefully . The boy is too young . Luckily , he was not badly hurt . 2. 作表语,表示方位上的变化: My father will be back in a week . 3. 作宾语补足语。 Let him in , please . (三) 副词的位置:

1.一般副词作状语时,放在谓语动词之后,如果谓语动词之后带有宾语,则放在宾语后。

We all study hard . He is drawing a horse carefully . 2. 频度副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。

He is always late for school . I often go to see my grandparents on Sunday . 3. 某些副词为了强调上下句的衔接,放在句子之前。

Suddenly he had a good idea .

4. enough 修饰形容词或副词时,要放在形容词或副词的后面。 The boy is old enough to go to school . He got up early enough to catch the train . (四) 副词比较级、最高级的用法:

1.副词比较级、最高级的构成方法和形容词比较级、最高级的构成方法基本相同。 2.表示―A不如B‖时,使用:A + 助动词+ not + 动词原形 + as \\ so + 副词原形+ as+ B . 还可使用:A + 动词+ less +副词原形 + than + B Bill didn’t do his homework as carefully as Jim . ==Bill did his homework less carefully than Jim .

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3. 副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the 。 Lin Tao did best in English of all . (五)易混词辨析: 1. hard , hardly

hard意为―努力地,辛苦地,剧烈地,猛烈地‖,是程度副词。 hardly意为―几乎不‖,是否定副词。 As students , we should study hard .

I can hardly catch up with you , can you walk slowly ? 2. too , also , either

too一般用于肯定句,常放在句尾;also常放在be动词或助动词之后,行为动

之前;either用于否定句,常放在句尾。

You are a student . I am a student , too.

They are also students . I don’t like the film , either .

5. too , enough , so

too 表示 ―太,很‖, too …to … 表示―太??而不能??‖

enough表示―足够‖, ―形容词 / 副词+ enough to…‖表示―足够??能??‖。 so表示―如此‖, ―so … that …‖表示― 如此??以致??‖ The man is too old to look after himself . The boy runs fast enough to win the game . The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it . 6. already , yet

already用于肯定句,yet用于否定句和疑问句末尾。

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