一、定义：表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语 (1) tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morning (2) next time, next Friday, next term, next month(3) in +一段时间；in +一段时间 ' s + time(4) soon = right away = at once (5) by the end of + 将来时间(6)later (on) ; in the future
二、基本结构 am/is/are going to + 动词原形（打算…）He is going to see his brother. will + 动词原形（将，会…）（第一人称I/We 可专用 shall+do...) I will study tomorrow. I shall meet them in two days. --Shall we go shopping after school? --Good idea. 肯定句 主语 + be (am, are, is) going to// will + 动词原形. I’m going to study tomorrow. I will study tomorrow. 否定句只须在will或be（am，is，are）后加not；
如The manager won’t agree with him. The president isn’t going to visit the small town. 疑问句 把will或be提到主语前即可。
? Will he agree with him? Yes, he will. / No, he won’t.
? Is he going to visit the small town? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 一. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
1. She ________ (not have) a concert (演唱会) next year.
2.Rose is ill. Oh, I am sorry to hear that. I ______ (go) to see her this evening. 3. He ______ (travel) all over the world.
4. When ______ Mike ______(arrive ) here tomorrow?
5._____________ you ____________________ (be) a teacher when you grow up? 6.Where ______ we ________ (have )the meeting tomorrow?
7. They ____________(work) on the farm if it doesn’t rain next Sunday. 8. Don’t worry. They ________ (finish) the work soon. 9.She will write to you as soon as she ______ (get) there.
10. ―When _______ you ______ (do) your homework? ‖ ―The day after tomorrow‖ 二. 变换句型。
1. He is going to see his brother tomorrow.( 疑问句,否定句)
2. Sally will come back in three hours. （否定句,疑问句,划线部分提问）
3. I’m going to get there by plane.（否定句,划线部分提问）
4. They will give us thirty books.（划线部分提问）
5. My mother’s going to make a birthday cake for my father. （划线部分提问）
1. won’t have 2. will go/ am going to go 3. will travel 4. will, arrive 5. Are, going to be 6. will, have 7. will work 8. will finish 9. gets 10. will, do
1. Is he going to see his brother tomorrow? He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow.\\
2. Sally won’t come back in three hours.. Will Sally come back in three hours? How soon will Sally come back?
3. I’m not going to get there by plane. How are you going to get there? 4. Whom will they give thirty books? What will they give us? 5. What’s your mother going to do for your father?
过去将来时态
一、定义：它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
时间状语（1）the next time/ Friday/ term/ month （2）the following month (week…)（3）主句为过去时，宾语从句中原来的一般将来时要转换成过去将来时态。 二、构成
A ) would + 动词原形 如：He asked me if I would go there tomorrow. B ) was / were going to + 动词原形
如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.
C) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。 如：She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。
专项练习：
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer. 2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long. 3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4.Lucy said she wouldl write to me as soon as she ______ (get) there. 5.She ________ (not have) a concert the next night. 二、单选
( )1. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day. A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit
( )2. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming
( )3. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year.
A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take
( )4. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown （ ）5. - Where will we meet?-- Sorry?- I asked __________ meet.
A. where we would B. when we would C. where will we D where would we （ ）6. Ken was so busy when we saw him, because he _______ a speech the next day.
A. will make B. would make C. has made D. was making
（ ）7. If I had enough money, I ________ a big house for my father.
A. will buy B. would buy C. have bought D. am buying
（ ）8. Tina ___________ leave when I met her.
A. was going to B. would C. was about to D. A, B and C
（ ）9. -- When will she come back?-- Pardon?-- I asked when ______________.
A. when will she come back B. when she will come back C. when would she come back D. when she would come back 一、would visit; wouldn’t stay; would come; got; wouldn’t have 二、DDBBA BBDD
现在完成时
一、用法：A过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already,yet,never,ever,just,before等连用。B表示从过去开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for, since,等一段时间状语连用。
时间状语(1) already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once(twice..) ,recently ,lately ,so far, in / during the past / last + 一段时间
(2) for + 一段时间, since + 过去某一点时间 ; since + last…; since + 一段时间 + ago, since +从句.
二、构成：have/has+过去分词 主语是第三人称单数时,助动词用has, 其他人称用have. 过去分词：规则动词过去分词同过去式，不规则动词需要记忆。 三、结构;
肯定句：主语+ have/has+过去分词+……I have seen the film before.
否定形式：主语+ have/has+not+过去分词+……I haven’t seen the film before. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+……Have you seen the film before?
Yes, I have .No, I haven’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have/has+主语+过去分词+……
四、非延续性动词，可以用于完成时中，表示动作的完成，在肯定句中不能和for及since，
how long连接的表示一段时间的状语连用。
如I have bought the pen. (∨) I have bought the pen for three days. (×) I have had the pen for three days. (∨) I bought the pen three days ago. (∨) I haven’t bought books from the school library for three days. (∨) ▲部分短暂性动词与之对应的延续性动词：
1.come/arrive here-be here 2.come to -be in 3. die -be dead 4. buy –have 5.borrow –keep 6. leave -be away(from) 7.begin -be on 8.join- be in/be a member (join in the army-be in the army-be a soldier) 9. catch a cold-have a cold 10. finish- be over, open -be open, close -be closed 五、have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法 ⑴have(has) been in 表示―在某地呆多长时间‖，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. ▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) / abroad ⑵have(has)been to表示―曾经去过某地‖，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，I have just been to the post office. Mary has never been to the Great Wall.
▲have(has) been to后面可接次数表示去过某地几次。I have been to Beijing three times.
⑶have(has) gone to 意为―到某地去了‖，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. Jack Johnson has gone to London. 一、用for 和since填空
1. We have learned five hundred words ______ the beginning of this term.
2. Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______a week. 3. I have stayed there _____last week. 4. He has lived in Nanjing ______twenty years.5. I’ve known him ______I was a child. 6. Our teacher has studied Japanese _____three years. 7. She has been away from the city ____about two years. 8. It’s about ten years _____she left the city.
二、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ___________ Li Fei __________? B: He ___________ to Hainan Island. A: How long __________ he _________ there? B: He ___________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _______ never ______ there. A: How many times _____ Li Fei _____ to that place? B: He _____ there only once.
一 1. since 2. for 3. since 4. for 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since 二、has, gone; has gone; has been; has been ; have been; has been; has been 三、1. Mr. Smith hasn’t worked here since 1984 . Has Mr. Smith worked here since 1984 ? How long has Mr. Smith worked here ? 2. I have seen him for a long time 3. have kept, one year 三、句型转换
1. Mr. Smith has already worked here since 1984. (变成否定句，一般疑问句，划线提问) 2.I didn't see him last year.（改为现在完成时）_________________________________ 3.I bought the bike last year I__________ the bike for_______ _______ 四、所给动词的适当形式和汉语提示填空
1. Thanks a lot. It’s sunny again. It _______________(rain) for a long time. 2. _____________Mr. Li _______________(live) here since 8 years old?
3. Since Mr. Li_______(come) here, he _______________(teach) in this school.
4. How many times __you ___(be) to Beijing?-Only once. I ___(go) there two years ago. 5. Wait here, please. The train _______________(not arrive) yet. 6. I _________(not see) such a strange thing before.
7. How long ______Uncle Wang ______(work) in this factory? -Since 1995.
8.That man______(去世) in 2011and he _____(去世) 2 years ago. He ________(去世) for 2 years.
9.When ___ you ______(买) the pen? I ________(买)it in 2008. I ________(买) it for 5 years. How long ______ you ______(买) it?
10.The film __________(演)10 minutes ago. It _________(演) for 10 minutes.
11.He ________(离开) school in 2003. He____________(离开)school for 10 years.
12.I_______(借)a book last week. I _________(借)it since last week .When ____ you _____(借) it?
四、1. has rained 2. Has lived 3. came, has taught 4. have been. went 5. hasn’t arrived 6. haven’t seen 7. has, worked 8. died, died, has been dead 9. did, buy; bought; have had; have, had 10. began, has been on 11. left, (更正：把since改为in), has been away 12. borrowed, have kept, did, borrow 五 BD
五、单选1. Mr Li _________England. He________ London for a long time. A has been to ;has been to B has gone to; has been in C Has been to ;has been in D has gone to; has been to
2 .Miss Smith with her parents _________ China since_______. A have been in; two years ago B has gone to; three years C Have been to ;two years D has been in; two years ago
过去完成时
一、用法：表示过去动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。简单地说就是―过去的过去‖发生的事情。过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。如He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here .
时间状语by the time (of), by the end of + 过去时间 when. before. after…+过去时间
up till then (直到那时); up until last night(直到昨晚等。常常用在主句是过去时的宾语从句中（现在完成时态要调整为过去完成时态） 二、构成：助动词had + 动词的过去分词 三、结构;
肯定句：主语+ has+过去分词+… 否定形式：主语+ had +not+过去分词+… 一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+……
如She had finished doing the homework by 10:00 this morning. How many English films had you seen by the end of last term ? The film had already begun when I got to the cinema .
Before she came to China, She had taught English for about five years. He said he had never seen Xiao Wang before. 四、专项练习 用动词的适当形式填空
1.We ______ (paint) the house before we ________ (move) in.
2.Paul ________(go) out with Jane after he _____ (make) a phone call. 3. Tom _____ (say) he _______ (read) the book twice.
4.The Reads _________(have) lunch when I ________(get) to their house. 5.When I __________(arrive) at the station, he ________(leave).
6.We ______(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 7. He ________ (not tell) you the news yet.
8..He said he ________already______(give) the book to the teacher. 9.She __________(play) the guitar while her sister________(sing). 10.He said he ____________ (not tell) you the news yet.
11. What ______Jane _______ (do) by the time he was seven? 12 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ (leave) the classroom. 13. The man ________ (put) on his coat and went out. 句型转换
1.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （改为一般疑问句、否定句、对划线部分提问）
2. Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）
1. have painted, moved 2.wen, had made 3. said, had read 4. had had, got 5. arrived, has left 6.
had learnt 7. hasn’t told 8. had given 9. was playing, was singing 10. hadn’t told 11. had done 12. left 13. put
Had she written the book by the end of 1960? She hadn’t written the book by the end of 1960. What had she written by the end of 1960?
2. Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet?
初中八种时态精讲精练参考答案
一般现在时
一、1-5 studies, plays, watches, washes, has
6-10. rides, takes, worries, helps, says 11-15 puts, teaches, flies, eats, goes 16-20 guesses, reads, does, calls, cries
二、1. has 2. are 3. don’t have 4. doesn’t go 5. Do like 6. do, do
7. Do, read 8. teaches 9. take 10. travels 11. takes 12. comes 13. sleeps 14. is dancing, dances 15. doesn’t rain
16. don’t have, has 17. do, speak 18. doesn’t like 19. don’t study 20. doesn’t like 三、1. Daniel doesn’t watch TV every evening.
2. Do you do your homework every day? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
3. Does Amy like playing computer games? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. 4. We don’t go to school every morning.
5. Sun Yang doesn’t usually wash any clothes on Saturday. Does Sun Yang usually wash any clothes on Saturday?
What does Sun Yang usually do on Saturday? 6. Tom doesn’t do his homework at home. Does Tom do his homework at home? Where does Tom do his homework?
四、1. rains 2. sing 3. borrows, returns 4. keep 5. enjoys 6. gives
一般过去时
一、was, flew, planted, were, drank; played, went, made, did, danced;
worried, asked, walked, ate, drew; put, heard, wrote, wanted, did
二、1. had 2. Did, practice, didn’t 3. did, do; watched, read 4. went 5. didn’t visit, stayed, did
6. did, write, wrote 7. studied, practiced 8.Did, do; did. 9. was, wasn’t 10. Was, wasn’t 11.came 12. didn’t go, got 13. read 14. was 15. picked 16. didn’t do 17. didn’t watch 18. Did, go 19. did, get, got 20. made 21. weren’t 22. did, come; 23. have 24. didn’t clean 25. was, were
现在进行时
一、playing, running, swimming, making, going, liking, writing, skiing, reading, dancing, putting, seeing, buying, loving, living, taking, coming, getting, stopping, sitting, beginning, shopping 二、1, is drawing 2. is singing 3. is cooking 4. are, doing 5. are having
6. aren’t watering 7. are dancing 8. is listening 9. are having 10. Is, washing 三、Are they doing housework? They aren’t doing housework.
What are you doing in the playground? Where are you playing the football? Who is reading books in his study? What is Tom reading in his study?
过去进行时
A. 1. was writing 2. rang, was doing 3. left, were enjoying 4. came, was telephoning 5. were playing, was cooking 6. was watching; watched 7. were, doing 8. Was drawing, wasn’t 9. Were
having 10. wasn’t reading 11. was doing
B. They weren’t playing football when I saw them. Were they playing football when I saw them? Who were playing football when I saw them? What were they playing when I saw them?
He wasn’t doing his homework at eight o’clock last night. Was he doing his homework at eight o’clock last night? What was he doing at eight o’clock last night? When was he doing his homework?
C. were; was washing; was doing; was trying; was watching; was playing; received; went; were eating
一般将来时
一、1.won’t have 2. will go/ am going to go 3. will travel 4. will, arrive 5. Are, going to be 6. will,
have 7. will work 8. will finish 9. gets 10. will, do
二、1.Is he going to see his brother tomorrow? He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow.\\ 2. Sally won’t come back in three hours.. Will Sally come back in three hours? How soon will Sally come back?
3. I’m not going to get there by plane. How are you going to get there? 4. Whom will they give thirty books? What will they give us?
5. What’s your mother going to do for your father?
过去将来时
一、would visit; wouldn’t stay; would come; got; wouldn’t have 二、DDBBA BBDD
现在完成时
一 1. since 2. for 3. since 4. for 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since
二、has, gone; has gone; has been; has been ; have been; has been; has been 三、1. Mr. Smith hasn’t worked here since 1984 .
Has Mr. Smith worked here since 1984 ? How long has Mr. Smith worked here ? 2. I have seen him for a long time 3. have kept, one year
四、1. has rained 2. Has lived 3. came, has taught 4. have been. went 5. hasn’t arrived
6. haven’t seen 7. has, worked 8. died, died, has been dead 9. did, buy; bought; have had; have, had 10. began, has been on 11. left, (更正：把since改为in), has been away 12. borrowed, have kept, did, borrow 五 BD
过去完成时
1. have painted, moved 2.wen, had made 3. said, had read 4. had had, got 5. arrived, has left 6. had learnt 7. hasn’t told 8. had given 9. was playing, was singing 10. hadn’t told 11. had done 12. left 13. put
1. Had she written the book by the end of 1960? She hadn’t written the book by the end of 1960. What had she written by the end of 1960?
2. Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet?