河南工程学院毕业设计
三组方便调味盒注射模具设计
学生姓名: 蒋坤 系（部）: 机械工程系 专 业 : 计算机辅助设计与制造 指导教师: 王新莉
2010年 06 月02
河南工程学院毕业设计
摘要
本设计的内容包括三组方便调味盒的注射模结构设计及相关工艺和结构参数计算分析。本设计力图达到设计任务书所提出的要求：结构简单紧凑、工艺性好、高精度、长寿命、短周期、高效低成本。
设计依据：1、生产纲领：大批量生产；2、三组方便调味盒实物；3、国家有关注射模具设计标准（GB8846--88）。
依据三组方便调味盒产品要求和塑料件的工艺特点：塑料件表面光洁耐磨、外形美观协调、零件壁薄、融熔塑料流动距离长且进人型腔后流动阻力大等特点，设计中采用的塑料件材料为PP、模具结构为点浇口形式且两处侧向抽芯。设计分两个部分组成：第一是CAD/CAM在模具设计上的具体应用，运用三维设计软件PRO/E绘制实体造型图,生成二维图,然后进进一借助于AUTOCAD绘制产品的零件图及装配图;第二是计算说明及成型工艺分析部分，包括模具结构设计、注塑机和模架的选用、浇注系统的设计、成型零件的设计、斜抽心机构和斜导柱机构的设计。特别对抽芯机构和斜导柱结构要求较高：既要求开合模具时因它们产生的阻力小，同时，要保证对流动态塑料的密封要求。
关键词：调味盒; CAD/CAM; 塑料; 注射模
I
河南工程学院毕业设计
Abstract
This design content includes three groups of injection mould easily seasoning box structure
design and the related process and structural parameter calculation and analysis. The design tries to achieve the design plan descriptions of the proposed requirements: simple and compact structure, technology, high precision, long life, high efficient, low cost, short cycle.
Design: 1, the production quota: mass production, 2 and 3 groups convenient seasonings box objects, 3 and relevant national standards (injection mould design GB8846-88).
According to the three groups of convenient products and plastic boxes of flavor of process characteristics: plastic surface is smooth, beautiful appearance, coordination and parts wall molten plastic flow into the long distance and after the cavity flow resistance characteristics, such as large plastic materials used in the design of die structure for PP, point to form and two side core-pulling. Design is divided into two parts: the first is the CAD/CAM in the specific application of mould design, three-dimensional design software PRO/E rendering solid modeling two-dimensional chart, formation, and then enters a draw with AUTOCAD and product assembly parts, The second is calculated and analyzed, including parts molding machines and die structure design, selection of formwork and the design of gating system, forming parts design, oblique pumping heart and oblique guide pin the design. Especially for core-pulling mechanism and structure of column oblique guide higher requirements: requires both open when they die because of small resistance, at the same time, to ensure the sealing requirements of dynamic plastics convection.
Keywords:
seasonings box CAD/CAM Plastic Injection mould
II
河南工程学院毕业设计
目 录
前言 ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1 注射模具概述 ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 塑料简介 ............................................................................................................................ 2 1.2 注射模基本组成[1]............................................................................................................. 2
1.2.1 定模机构 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 动模机构 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.3 浇注系统 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.4 导向装置 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.5 顶出机构 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.6 抽芯机构 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.7 冷却和加热装置 ....................................................................................................... 3 1.2.8 排气系统 ................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 软件简介[3]......................................................................................................................... 3 2 零件材料选择及材料性能 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 塑料制品设计依据[5]......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 塑件体积与质量[6]............................................................................................................. 5 3设计型腔数与分型面 .................................................................................................................. 6
3.1 型腔数目的确定 ................................................................................................................ 6
3.1.1 根据注射能力 ........................................................................................................... 6 3.1.2 根据锁模力 ............................................................................................................... 6 3.2 分型面确定[3]..................................................................................................................... 6 4 注射机的选择与校核 ................................................................................................................. 7
4.1注射机类型的选择 ............................................................................................................. 8 4.2注射机有关参数的校核 ..................................................................................................... 8
4.2.1 注射量的校核 ........................................................................................................... 8 4.2.2 注射压力校核 ........................................................................................................... 8 4.2.3 锁模力校核 ............................................................................................................... 9 4.2.4 模具闭合厚度校核 ................................................................................................... 9 4.2.5 开模行程的校核 ....................................................................................................... 9
5 浇注系统设计 ........................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 主流道设计[3]................................................................................................................... 11 5.2 浇口套设计 ...................................................................................................................... 11 5.3 分流道设计 ...................................................................................................................... 11
5.3.1 第一分流道设计 ..................................................................................................... 11
III
河南工程学院毕业设计
5.3.2 第二分流道设计 ..................................................................................................... 12 5.4 浇口设计 .......................................................................................................................... 12 5.5 冷料井设计 ...................................................................................................................... 12 5.6 排气、引气系统设计 ...................................................................................................... 12 6 成型零件设计 ........................................................................................................................... 12
6.1 成型零件的结构设计 ...................................................................................................... 13
6.1.1 凹模结构设计 ......................................................................................................... 13 6.1.2 凸模和成型杆的结构 ............................................................................................. 13 6.2 成型零件工作尺寸的计算 .............................................................................................. 13
6.2.1 型腔内径尺寸的计算 ............................................................................................. 13 6.2.2 型芯径向尺寸的计算 ............................................................................................. 14 6.2.3 型腔深度尺寸的计算 ............................................................................................. 14 6.2.4 型芯高度尺寸的计算 ............................................................................................. 15 6.3 型腔壁厚与底板厚度的计算 .......................................................................................... 15
6.3.1 计算型腔壁厚[3]...................................................................................................... 15 6.3.2 计算底板厚度 ......................................................................................................... 16 6.3.3 型芯强度计算 ......................................................................................................... 17
7 模架的选择[6]............................................................................................................................ 18 8 导向机构设计 ........................................................................................................................... 19
8.1 导柱设计[9]....................................................................................................................... 19 8.2 导套设计 .......................................................................................................................... 19 8.3 定距拉杆设计 .................................................................................................................. 19 9 推出机构设计 ........................................................................................................................... 21
9.1 推出机构设计原则及选择[7][8] ....................................................................................... 21 9.2 脱模力计算 ...................................................................................................................... 21 9.2 推杆的位置 ...................................................................................................................... 21 9.3 推杆尺寸的确定[14] ......................................................................................................... 22
9.3.1 推杆长度的确定 ..................................................................................................... 22 9.3.2 推杆直径的确定 ..................................................................................................... 22 9.4 复位杆设计 ...................................................................................................................... 23 10 抽芯机构设计 ......................................................................................................................... 24
10.1 抽拔力计算 .................................................................................................................... 24 10.1 斜导柱的结构尺寸[13] ................................................................................................... 24 10.2 抽芯距的计算 ................................................................................................................ 25 10.3 斜导柱所受弯曲力的计算 ............................................................................................ 25 10.4 斜导柱长度的计算 ........................................................................................................ 26
IV