Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.
找出主题句后，再依据主题句定短文的中心
任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句（等困难信号）所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。例如：
例题：My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday
evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.
This passage mainly talks about ______________. A. the writer’s friends at the Activity Center B. the writer’s experience at the Activity Center C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
在解主题大意时，以下方法可供参考。
1) 认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。
2) 文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫
做主题词。
例文：If you are a recent social science graduate who has had to listen to jokes
about unemployment from your computer major classmates, you may have had the last laugh. There are many advantages for the social science major because this high-tech \灵活的) and who have good communication skills.
There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions. For example, a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. Studies show that social science majors are most suited for change, which is the leading feature (特点) of the
kind of high speed, high-pressure, high-tech world we now live in.
Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long-term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry-level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most sought-after quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills, noted as \important\by 92 percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills, often without knowing how important they are. It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions.
Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don' t regret their choice of study. 3).文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。
例如：On the whole, in short, in a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude therefore…
I agree with the opinion that…
Given all these points above, I would support the idea that… For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer…
掌握了找主题句的方法后，就可以依据主题句归纳主题。但归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误，需要同学们注意。
1) 以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。 2) 过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。 3) 把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。
2 掌握具体事实和重要细节：
做细节事实题的方法
在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。做此类题的方法一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，排除干扰项，找出正确答案。
2.1).是非题出题形式： a.三正一误：
Which of the following is true except…?
Which of the following is mentioned except…
b.三误一正：
Which of the following is true?
这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系：
Which of the following is mentioned except… Which of the following is not mentioned…?
这种问题的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，
如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确先项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。 2.2) 例证题
对举例的考查为高考阅读理解的常见考点之一，这类题的基本结构为:
The author provides in line…(或Paragraph…)an example in order to…
意思是问文中举出某现象或例子的目的。
文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。关键在于这个例子在原文出现的位置，但不管如何，这个例子之前或之后不远处通常都有一句总结说明性的话，这句话就是答案，即举例的目的。如果例子与全文主题有关，则例证主题，答案为主题句。如果例子与段落主题有关，就例证段落主题，则答案为段落主题句；此外，答案为例子前后总结说明性的话。 2.3）年代与数字：这个考点有几种出题方式，但不管以何种形式出现，只要题干问年代与数字，答案就对应于文章中的年代与数字。 2.4）比较：比较考点的表现形式主要有：
a.比较级与含有比较意义的词汇手段和句型结构；
b.表示绝对意义的字眼：first(第一)，least(最不)，most(最)等； c.表示惟一性的词汇：only, unique等；
阅读最好能圈出表示最高级、惟一性和绝对意义的词汇，便于做题时回原文定位。 2.5）原因：
这种题的答案在原文通常有一些表示因果关系的词汇手段提示：
result, reason;
result in(结果)，result from(由于，
base…on…(以……为基础)，be due to (由于)； because, for, why;
as a result, consequently等。
阅读时对这些提示词应该予以注意。原文相关句出现的格式都是先说原因，后说结果，而在题干中通常给出结果，就其原因提问。
Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.?
Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat Hay Airline for seven years. However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.?
“It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I'd love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, \said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.?
Which of the following is NOT true? A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.?
B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.?
C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.?
D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.? 解析： A、C 和D都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文列的是： taken to Hong Kong可判断不是moved to Hong Kong with her parents，因此选B。
3做推理判断题的方法
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。因此，解推断题时应注意：?
? 不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，要严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推
理；?
? 推理的根据来自于上下文；
? 如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案； ? 如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结
论，也不是正确答案；
? 如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案； ? 文中的虚拟语气和情态动词（should, must, may, etc.）往往能流露出作者的弦外之
音，这有助于我们确定正确答案；
? 注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively, rather则常
带有否定的口气；
? 某些过渡词（例如：however, but, on the contrary, what’s more）后面所表达的内
容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。
当然，解推断题的方法有多种，但最主要的就是根据词义关系推断具体细节。 通常，高考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种： 1．事实推断
这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。例如：
例题：Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.
According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?
A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold.
C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost.
2．指代推断
确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。 文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it, this 和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。 例题：In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to
the moon. When the explorers（探险者）landed on the moon, they
discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed
their surprise to the \expressed their surprise. \space when you don't even use your inner space？\
H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no
underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the \people\seriously thinking about it.
What does the underlined word \？ A．Discovering the moon's inner space． B．Using the earth's inner space． C．Meeting the \． D．Traveling to outer space．
由此可以看出it指上句中的the question，而the question又指第一段中\月球人\所提的问题。所以根据第一段中的问题%use your inner space？\就可以判断出答案为B。
3．逻辑推断
这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉，因此需根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系, 对比关系来描写。 例题： We are in the computer age．We often see computers at work．They are especially useful in automatic control，data processing（数据处理）and solving complicated problems．And they are finding their way into the home．The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day．
More and cleverer computers will continue to appear．They will run faster，have more functions and work much more skillfully．They will take over more tasks from us，helping to change the face of our world．Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us．
However．．．
Which of the following statements will best continue the third paragraph？ A． Computers will soon stop developing． B． Many people like computers very much． C． Computers are as clever as man．
D． I do not think computers will replace us completely．
解析 本文采用了对比关系法来描写，前面描写了计算机的长处，但作者用However一词预示着将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。
4．对作者的意图和态度的推断
这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含