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3）For my part, I would like to agree to the former to some extent.
4) In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we…, we
should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.
说明利弊（优缺点）型
（1） 描述现象
(2） 句 型：1）There are several advantages in / of …
The biggest advantage is that… Moreover, … Finally, …
2）…has a positive impact / effect on people’s lives.
3）…is playing an increasingly important role in people’s lives.
（3） 句 型：1）However,…, just like anything else, has its negative side as well.
2）Of course, the disadvantages can not be ignored. 3）However, just as everything has tow sides, …also has many disadvantages.
4）However, the negative aspects are also obvious / evident. To begin with, …
To make matters worse,… Worst of all,… （4） 看法
句 型：1）As to me, I think the advantages carry more weight than the disadvantages. 2）Anyway, I still believe…has more advantages than disadvantages.
3）But for me, I think what is more important is its positive side. 阐述主题型
? 例文分析：Practice Makes Perfect
此类型结构：
（1） 句 型：1）Here is an old saying,… It is the experience of our forefathers.
However, it is correct in many cases even today.
2）One of our ancient philosophers said… Chinese people have
always been holding the idea to be one of their standards of morality.
（2） 正面论证
错误！未找到引用源。举例论证
句 型：1）Take…for example…
2）A good case in point is …
3）Perhaps the most important / striking example of…is…
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4）I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the
example of…
错误！未找到引用源。“事实证明……”
句 型：1）No one can ignore / overlook / deny the fact that…
2）Nothing could be more obvious than the evidence that…
(3)结论 / 号召
句 型：1）From what have been discussed above, we may come to /
reach / draw the conclusion that…
2）Taking into consideration all the factors, we may safely
arrive at the conclusion that…
解决问题型
(1）描述问题
句 型：
1）Although…has brought convenience to us, many people have begun
to
realize that it is the source of trouble as well. 2）In recent years, many cities / nations / people have been faced /
troubled
with the serious problem of… 3）With the amazing / fantastic / rapid development / improvement
of economy, great changes have taken place in …
4）There is no denying the fact that …has become the utmost concern among people nowadays. （2）分析原因 句 型：1）Here are many reasons for it. First, … Second, … Finally, … 2）What has possibly led / contributed to this problem? In the first place,…
3）Perhaps the most important / main reason is…
4）It is no easy job to identify the reason for…, which involves
several complicated factors. For some,… For others,…
(3）分析解决方法
句 型：1）The first key factor to solve this problem is… Another key
factor is…
2）People have found many solutions to dealing with this problem.
3）We can figure out many ways to relieve the present crisis. 4）Then, how should we solve this problem? Here are some
suggestions, which may be of some help.
5）It is high time that … Here are a few examples of some of the
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measures that might be taken immediately.
6）Obviously, if we ignore / are blind to this problem, the
chances are that …will be put into jeopardy.
7）No effective solution can be at hand to tackle / resolve the
problem of… but the general awareness of the importance of …might be the first step in the right direction.
D 段落展开
Development by time
My heart gave a leap when I heard the announcement that our train would soon arrive at its destination—Beijing. Like other passengers, I began to collect my things and put my mug, towel, atlas, apples and other things into my bag. To the tune of a beautiful song the train pulled into the station and gently stopped by a platform. I walked out of the train and was carried forward by the stream of people into an underground passage and then into a big hall. As I stepped out of the station, I was dazzled by the bright autumn skies of Beijing. Though I had been on the train for more than thirty hours and spent a sleepless night, I didn’t feel tired at all, and I believed my days in Beijing would be as sunny as the skies.
Development by process
It is necessary for a person to know how to post a parcel, since almost everyone has relatives and friends living far away and he may like to send them something Different objects are packed in different ways. Things like bottles of medicines and watches should be put into wooden boxes to avoid leakage. After you have packed the objects, put down your address and that of the addressee on the wrapping. Give the parcel to the postal clerk for him to check. He will then give you a form to fill in. Having filled in the form, you give it together with the parcel to the clerk. He will weigh the parcel and tell you how much you should pay. You pay the money and get a receipt. Be sure to keep your receipt until you are sure that the addressee has received the parcel. If anything wrong should happen to your parcel, you can show the receipt to the clerk and ask to be reimbursed.
Development by example
This term several useful and interesting courses have been offered. An Introduction to European Culture, for instance, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of European philosophy, literature and arts. From time to time, we see slide shows of famous paintings and hear tapes of famous pieces of music, and they make the lectures all the more interesting. American Society and Culture is another course that attracts a large audience. The teacher, who visited the United States not long ago, discusses new trends and changes in American life as well as American history and traditions. We like these and other courses very much, because they help us not only to improve our English but also to broaden our vision.
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Knowledge often results only after persistent investigation. Albert Einstein, after alengthy examination of the characteristics of matter and energy, formulated his famous Theory of Relativity, which now acts as a basis for further research in nuclear physics. Using plaster casts of footprints, fingerprints, and stray strands of hair, a detective pertinaciously pursues the criminal. After years of work Annie Jump Cannon perfected the classification of the spectra of some 35000 stars. As students, we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain, and contribute to the store of human knowledge
Development by cause and effect
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts（相对应的人）in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.
Development by classification When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.
发展段落的连接手段
1.例证法常用的连接词有：
for example / say /for one thing /to illustrate /as follows /such as’ /first /furthermore/ /in addition /one/still another/in summary 3.分类法常用的连接词及结构有：
the first is/after that/in fact/divide… into…/classify.. into../categorize. .into…/fall into…/there are… kinds of … 4．定义法常用的连接词有：
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be described/be explained/the definition of/in other words/this means /be defined as/refer to/state that namely
5.表示因果关系常用的连接词有：
because/since/as/considering/in view of/on account of/owing to /seeing that
the reason why… is that…/ this explains why…/because of/ so /thus /hence/therefore/ according
consequently /so that/as a result of /in consequence of/in consideration of / result in lead to/ result from thanks to /contribute to 6.表示比较对比的连接词有：
like /as/likewise/ unlike/similarly/ so/in the same way /on the one hand/on the other hand/compared with/by comparison/ in contrast/on the contrary/ but/despite/ yet/instead /while
7.用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：
in general generally speaking on the whole usually
now recently in the first place to begin with to start with first of all first firstly
it is often said that… as the proverb says.. there is a saying going that…
it goes without speaking that… it is clear/obvious/apparent/ evident that…
many people often ask such a question…
8.用于表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：
furthermore also moreover meantime at the same time meanwhile what’s more for instance for example take… as an example in addition to apart from aside from besides secondly next without doubt undoubtedly
it is true that…. Everybody knows that…. It can be easily proved that… no one can deny that… One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
This can be expressed as follows.. we have reason to believe that… I am of the opinion that…
9.用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性语句有：
but however still nevertheless On the other hand conversely on the contrary Just as the same coin has two sides,…
Another special consideration in this case is that… But the problem is not so simple…
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to … Though we are in basic agreement with… 10.用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：
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