涡轮流量计标定装置及测量电路设计
学 院专 业班 级学 号姓 名指导教师负责教师
航空航天工程学部 飞行器动力工程 04040102 2010040401053
孔祥宇 彭大维 彭大维
沈阳航空航天大学
2014年6月
涡轮流量计标定装置及测量电路设计
摘 要
随着流体系统向微小化方向的发展，对微小流量进行精确测量的需求变得越来越多。本文提出了小量程流量计、标定试验器及传感器后调理电路的设计，使其具有测量精度高、使用方便、适应性强、数字信号输出并转换为易于识别的方波等优点。文章主要研究设计了切向涡轮流量计以及对切向流量计中传感器后的调理电路进行了仿真设计和PCB设计，同时对调节涡轮转速的步进电机的安装操作进行了详细的介绍。并根据测量微小流量的原理及其实现方法，改进测量系统。测量系统在液体流量标准装置的基础上，改进了稳压装置，采用稳压溢流堰的方法，设计了新的液体称重容器--双套量杯称重容器，选用了测量精度更高的电子天平，取代了常用杠杆式天平，使测量更简单、准确。根据微小流量测量的特点，本文选择动态质量法原理进行流量标定，它简化了测量过程，降低了成本，提高了测量精度，证明对它的设计是可行的。 关键词：切向涡轮流量计；液体流量标准装置；动态质量法；流量标定;信号调理电
路；步进电机调控；PCB电路板印刷
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涡轮流量计标定装置及测量电路设计
Turbine flowmeter calibration device and measurement circuit
design
Abstract
With the development of the fluid system to the direction of miniaturization, the demand for accurate measurement of small flow becomes more and more. This paper presents the design of a small range of flow meter . the calibration test and the design of the sensor conditioning, it has high accuracy, easy to use, adaptable, and converted to a digital signal output of the advantages of easy identification square wave . The article is mainly designed tangential turbine flow-meter, As well as the design of the cutting simulation and PCB design after the flowmeter sensor conditioning circuits .while adjusting the speed of the turbine installation stepper motor for a detailed description.and in accordance with the principle and implementation method for measuring small flows, improved measurement system. Measurement system on the basis of the liquid flow standard device to improve the regulator device, using the method of regulator overflow weir; Designed a new liquid weighing container - double sets of measuring cups weighing the container; The selection of a higher measurement accuracy electronic balance, replacing the commonly used leveraged balance, the measurement is more simple and accurate. According to the characteristics of micro flow measurement, this article selection of the dynamic quality of the principle of flow calibration which simplifies the measurement process, reduces cost and improves the measurement accuracy, to prove that its design is feasible.
Keywords: Tangential turbine flow-meter; Liquid flow standard device; Dynamic Quality
Act; Flow calibration ;Signal condition circuit;Stepper motor regulation;PCB printed circuit board
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涡轮流量计标定装置及测量电路设计
目 录
1 绪论 ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 研究的背景、目的和意义 ......................................................................................... 5 1.2 微小流量测量概术 ..................................................................................................... 5 1.2.1 微小流量测量的研究现状 .................................................................................. 5 1.2.2 微小流量测量仪表研究现状 .............................................................................. 6 1.2.3 微小流量标准装置研究现状 .............................................................................. 6 1.3 流量标定装置发展趋势 ............................................................................................. 7
1.4涡轮转速信号采集研究发展趋势...............................................................................7
1.5 本课题研究的主要内容、技术路线及需解决的技术关键 ..................................... 8 1.5.1 研究的指导思想 .................................................................................................. 8 1.5.2 主要研究内容、技术关键与难点 ...................................................................... 8 2 小量程流量计的选择及设计 ......................................................................................... 10 2.1 涡轮流量计概述 ....................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1 涡轮流量计发展概况 ........................................................................................ 10 2.1.2 涡轮流量计的特点 ............................................................................................ 11 2.2 切向式涡轮流量计 ................................................................................................... 12 3 试验系统的建立与选择 ................................................................................................. 17 3.1 微小流量的定常流测量原理 ................................................................................... 17 3.2 静态质量法液体微小流量测量装置 ....................................................................... 17 3.3 动态质量法液体微小流量测量装置 ....................................................................... 18 3.4 基于以上两种测量方法，对比分析并选择试验系统 ........................................... 19 4 动态质量法测量装置 ..................................................................................................... 21 4.1 测量系统的原理及设计 ........................................................................................... 21 4.2 测量系统的优化及改进 ........................................................................................... 22 4.2.1 稳压源的改进 .................................................................................................... 22 4.2.2 称重容器的改进 ................................................................................................ 23 4.2.3 称重装置的改进 ................................................................................................ 25
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