A
The fact that ants are fascinating insects has been known for some time.Now，scientists have discovered a large number of wood ants living in an abandoned underground storehouse in Templewo，Poland，despite having no obvious source of food.
Polish zoologist Wojciech Czechowski and his team began studying the underground colony in 2013.They found the ants built a 60 cm high nest in the soil directly over the storehouse’s vertical air pipe.As years passed，the metal covering on the pipe
eroded，leaving behind a hole that thousands of worker ants accidentally slip into each day as they go about their daily chores.The scientists say that there are no sources of food in the storehouse.This means that the insects live in a state of near starvation.
In July 2015，the researchers disturbed part of the ant nest in search of larvae (幼虫)，empty cocoons (茧)，and queens.They found nothing，leading them to suspect that the lack of food and cold temperatures made reproduction impossible and that the group tending the nest is entirely made up of non－reproductive female workers.Their population is refilled every year，by a new rain of unfortunate ants that slide down the hole.The researchers say that when they returned in January 2016，the nest had been repaired.It appears that despite the terrible conditions，the worker ants do not stop constructing their nest.
Wood ants are known for their ability to adapt to bad living conditions.In this case，the millions of worker ants trapped in the storehouse have no choice.But instead of losing hope，they are making the best of the situation—a classic example of“when life gives you lemons，make lemonade”.
【语篇解读】 本文是科普说明文。科学家在波兰的一个废弃的地下储藏室发现了大量的蚂蚁；研究发现，这些蚂蚁是在寻食时偶然滑进来的；这里没有足够的食物，它们是饿着肚子生存的。 1.How did the wood ants arrive in the storehouse? A.They fell down there by accident. B.The research team brought them there. C.The storehouse builders left them there. D.They were attracted by the environment.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段的“As years passed，the metal covering on the pipe eroded，leaving behind a hole that thousands of worker ants accidentally slip into each day as they go about their daily chores”可知，工蚁在日常寻食时偶然滑进通向地下储藏室的管道，故A项正确。]
2.What does the underlined word“eroded”in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Expanded. C.Exploded.
B.Rotted. D.Melted.
答案 B [词义猜测题。根据该句中的“As years passed，the metal covering on the pipe”以及“leaving behind a hole”可以判断，年复一年，管道外的金属被腐蚀了，留下了一个洞口使得工蚁们在日常寻食时偶然滑进了里面。据此可知，画线词意为“腐蚀”，故B项正确。] 3.What did the researchers find in the nest? A.Larvae. C.A queen.
B.Cocoons. D.Worker ants.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段的第一、二句可知，研究人员在蚁穴里寻找幼蚁、茧和蚁后，却一无所获；他们只发现工蚁。故D项正确。]
4.Why did the population of wood ants remain steady? A.They had enough food. B.They were able to reproduce. C.They adapted to the conditions. D.They had newcomers to join them.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段的“Their population is refilled every year，by a new rain of unfortunate ants that slide down the hole”及第二段的“the insects live in a state of near starvation”可知，有许多不幸的工蚁滑进这个洞穴，使得蚁群的数量保持稳定。故D项正确。]
B
(2017·金丽衢十二校联考)
Mike Godwin is an American lawyer and author who invented “Godwin’s Law” in 1990 when he made the following statement：As an online discussion grows longer，a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler is very likely to be made.
Godwin’s Law is applicable to online discussions in forums，chat rooms and on
blogs.The term has earned a place in the Oxford English Dictionary：Godwin’s Law，
noun.A facetious aphorism (有趣的格言) maintaining that as an online debate increases in length，it becomes certain that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis.
Although coined to describe an Internet phenomenon，the term is being applied to the use of “the Nazi card” in other contexts.
A complaint by many forum users is that the so－called law is ending the discussion.One makes a Nazi comparison and another cries，“You said Hitler，so I win！”At that point，the discussion ends.The term has created a verb “to Godwin”as in “You Godwined this discussion！”
The mention of Godwin’s Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion.Here is a complaint voiced by a forum user：It seems like Godwin’s Law is
becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet.Whenever Hitler，or Nazis，is brought up in a discussion，the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is laughed at. This would be a problem if people mention Godwin’s Law when the Hitler/Nazi mention is relevant to the topic at hand.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了高德温法则的来历及意义，并举例对其进行了说明。 5.What will certainly happen according to“Godwin’s Law”if the online discussion is lengthened?
A.The debaters will maintain their justice. B.The debaters will mention Hitler or Nazis. C.The debaters will earn a place in the forum. D.The debaters will become very sick and tired.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“as an online ...it becomes certain that someone
will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis”可知，如
果在线讨论的时间变长，那么参加讨论的人肯定会提到希特勒或者纳粹分子，故选B。] 6.What does the underlined word“coined”in the third paragraph mean probably? A.Built. C.Classified.
B.Adapted. D.Invented.
答案 D [词义猜测题。画线词所在句的主语为the term，指Godwin’s Law，虽然创造这个术
语的目的是描述一种网络现象，但是现在它正在被用在其他地方。故画线词表示“创造(新词语)”，选D。]
7.What is the mention of “Godwin’s Law” viewed as in a discussion? A.A way of objection. B.A way of complaint. C.A way of ending it. D.A way of creating words.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据倒数第一段中的“The mention of Godwin’s Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion”可知选C。]
C
(2017·温州十校联考)
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight.A recent research has found a new recipe of success.According to the study，if the cat is adopted before the dog，and if they are introduced when still young(less than 6 months for cats，a year for dogs)，it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.Two－thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However，it wasn’t all sweetness and light.There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes，while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.For example，when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression，while a dog doing the same signals submission (服从).
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully，researchers observed a surprising behavior.They are learning how to talk each other’s language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk“dog”，and dogs can learn how to talk“cat”.
What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence.They can learn how to read each other’s body signals，suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language，cats and dogs can play together，greet each other nose to
nose，and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom(梳理) each other.
The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets—to people who don’t get along，including neighbors，colleagues at work，and even world superpowers.If cats and dogs can learn to get along，surely people have a good chance.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究表明，狗和猫通过相互学习和理解彼此的语言是可以和平相处的。其实人类也可以如此。
8.Which below is closest in meaning to the word“swimmingly” in Paragraph 1? A.Smoothly. C.Quickly.
B.Briefly. D.Early.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句“Two－thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog”可知，被采访的家庭中有三分之二的家庭说他们的猫和狗能建立良好的关系。get along swimmingly和该句中的“a positive relationship”表达的意思相同；据此可以判断，画线词意为“顺利地，顺畅地”，故A项正确。] 9.When are some cats and dogs likely to fight with each other? A.They are introduced at an early age. B.They are cold to each other.
C.They misunderstood each other’s signals. D.They stared at each other.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段的倒数第二句“One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite”可知，猫和狗打架的原因可能是它们的有些肢体语言表达的意思相反，故C项正确。]
10.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________. A.are less different than we thought B.have common interests
C.are less intelligent than we expected D.have a common body language
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“They can learn how to read each other’s body signals，suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected”可知，猫和狗可以互相学习肢体语言，它们比我们预料的有更多的相同之处，故A项正确。]