Fig.1 Schematic shown of a building material slab in atmosphere.
The solutions to equations (1)-(5) derived by us are as follows
where H?hmKD?C(x,t) ?(t ) ?? ?cos(?x)? KC ? ? 2 2 m (6)
?L(??H)?Hm?1mmsin(?mL)2(?m?H)22[(C0?KC?(0))e?D?mt2??t0e?D?m(t??)2?KdC?(?)], βm (m=1,2,…) are the positive roots of
?m?tan(?mL)?H (7)
Equation (6) gives the contaminant concentration in the building material slab as a function of distance from the base of the slab, and also of time.
?Thus, VOC emission rate per unit area at instant t m(t) and VOC mass emitted from per unit area of the building material slab before instant t m(t) can be respectively expressed as follows
?m(t)??D??C(x,t)?xx?L??D??sin(?mL)?m?122(?m?H)L(?2m22?H)?H2?
[(C0?KC?(0))em(t)???D?0t?D?mt2??t0t0e??D?m(t??)2?KdC?(?)] (8)
2(?m?H)22?C(x,t)?x?D?mt2x?Ldt?D?t?sinm?12(?mL)?L(?2m?H)?H2?
[(C0?KC?(0))e??0e?D?m(t??)2?KdC?(?)] dt （9）
下面是引出公式的一些例句、句型： Plugging these values into.... It yields following inequality:
From Eqs. (1), (2) and (5) it follows that A may be expressed as
Equation (1) relates A and B.
Then the solution to equation (1) is
Combining equations (1) and (2) gives
Using the boundary conditions (3) and (4), eq.(1) can be written as:
Considering the boundary conditions (3), (4) and (5), the temperature distribution is:
Assuming a relationship between A and B of the form
Expression (1) is applicable only for angles from 0 to θ, whereθsatisfies the condition …
Assuming steady-state conditions, governing equations are: …
这里需要注意的是，对公式中出现的符号有两种解释方式，其一是在公式下，用where引出解释，其二是在论文中(一般在引言前)用符号表(Nomenclature , Notation, Symbols)说明。 一般当符号比较多时采用后者。需注意的是一旦采用后者，公式中出现的符号可不再解释，避免重复。后者的例子如下：
例1[2]
Nomenclature
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?t specific surface area of packing (m/m)
23
?w wetted surface area of packing (m/m)
cp specific heat (kJ/kg C)
o
23
D diffusivity (m/s)
Dp nominal size of packing (m)
2
FG gas phase mass transfer coefficient (kmol/m s)
2
FL liquid phase mass transfer coefficient (kmol/m s) G superficial air (gas) flow rate (kg/m s)
2
2
2
g acceleration of gravity (m/s)
hG gas side heat transfer coefficient (kJ/m s) kG gas phase mass transfer coefficient (kmol/m s Pa)
2
2
kL liquid phase mass transfer coefficient (m/s) L superficial desiccant flow rate (kg/m s) LiCl lithium chloride
2
M molar mass (kg/kmol) m flow rate (g/s) or (kg/s)
P total pressure (Pa) Pr Prandtl number pv vapor pressure (Pa) Sc Schmidt number
T temperature (C)
o
X desiccant concentration (kgLiCl/kgsolution) x desiccant mole fraction (kmolLiCl/kmolsolution)
xSM logarithmic mean solvent mole fraction difference between the bulk liquid and interface values
(kmolLiCl/kmolsolution)
Y air humidity ration (kg water/kg dry air) y water mole fraction (kmol water/kmol air)
Z tower height (m)
Greek letters
? surface tension (N/m) ? effectiveness
? latent heat of condensation (kJ/kg)
2
? viscosity (N/m)
? density (kg/m)
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3
Subscripts A air
C critical
cond water condensation equ equivalent
evap water evaporation G gas phase IN inlet i interface
L desiccant or liquid phase OUT outlet
o reference state
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例2
NOTATION
A emission area of building material (m2)
-3
C concentration of compound in building material (mg m)
C0(x) initial concentration of compound in building material (mg m-3) Cs(t) concentration of compound in the air adjacent to the interface (mg m-3) C?(t) concentration of compound in atmosphere or in chamber (mg m) D mass diffusion coefficient for compound in building material (m2 s-1) hm convective mass transfer coefficient (m/s)
K partition coefficient between building material and air (dimensionless) L thickness of building material slab (m)
M total mass per unit area of VOC emitted from building material (mg m-2) m(t) total mass per unit area of VOC emitted from building material before time
t (mg m-2)
?[6]
-3
m(t) emission rate per unit area of VOC from building material at time t
(mg m-2s-1)
PB particleboard
3-1
Q volumetric air flow rate through chamber (m s) t time (s)
tc the critical time (h)
TVOC total volatile organic compound V volume of air in chamber (m3) VOC volatile organic compound x linear distance (m)
3.3.3 结果和讨论部分
研究的发现和结果根据其性质不同，有不同的英文表述：Results, experimental results, experimental observations, computer results, numerical results, solutions 和results of analysis。研究结果往往用图表表示。
下面的例子说明如何在文中引出图表。
(1) The size and shape of the asci, ascospores and conidia from all specimens examined (Table 1) were essentially identical.
(2) The calculated 37GHz (horizontal polarization) brightness temperatures for dry snow over frozen grounds (Fig.8) show the effect of the changing thickness of the depth of the hoar layer.
(3) Figure 2 shows the relationship between A and B. (4) Curve A in Figure 4 illustrates equation (1).
(5) Table 1 summarizes property data for altitudes to 10,000m. (6) The principle of the method may be easily followed from Figure 6. (7) … is sketched in Fig.1.
(8) … is depicted in Fig.2.
描述观测、测试和实验时，常用一般过去时；讨论数据、图和表时，常用一般现在时。 Results部分一般介绍的是显而易见的结论；Discussion部分介绍的是并不显而易见但通
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过分析和推理可得出的结论，可以对结果进行检验、比较、解释和分析等，并说明结果的意义。
下述表达在该部分会经常使用：
it seems note that it is noted that it appears that this indicates it suggests that it shows that it provides that it gives that it presents that it summarizes that it illustrates that it reveals that it displays that it displays that it demonstrates that 上述动词英文中称为Indicative or Informative Verbs。 例句：
Table 5 shows the most common modes of infection.
Table 5 shows that the most common source of infection is disks brought from home. Table 5 provides infection-source percentages.
Inspection of this equation shows that...
The study consists of three parts. The first deals with ..., and shows that.... The second part covers..., and concludes that.... The third part treats with the ..., and demonstrates that....
在结果和讨论表达中，As 从句也经常被使用。
As shown in Table 5, home disks are the most frequent sources of infection. As can be seen in Fig.8, infant mortality is still high in urban areas. 此外，还需注意动词后介词的使用：
As revealed by the graph, the defect rate has declined. As can be seen from the data in Tab.1, …
As shown by the data in Tab.1, … As described on page 24, …
注意，这里的As 从句中一般采用被动语态，从句中无主语！ 练习4。
表示计算或理论分析结果与实验结果相符时，经常采用以下表达： agree well with, be validate with, be in agreement with, compared favorably with 例句：
(1) The analytical results compared favorably with the numerical solution.
(2) A closed-form solution, which could be obtained via a theoretical analysis of the melting
process, shows excellent agreement with the experimental results.
3.3.4 结论部分
结论部分是全文的重要部分，反映了全文的主要发现和结论，表述力求简明。下面是一些例子。
例1[1]： Conclusions
The gravimetric method for directly measuring K and D in VF is simple and effective and can be applied to other indoor materials that can be accommodated in a microbalance. For the compounds and concentration ranges studied, K and D do not depend on concentration. This concentration independence should hold at the lower concentrations typically associated with gas and material-phases in the indoor environment, confirming two of the key assumptions on which the previously developed source/sink diffusion models are based (Little et al., 1994; Little and Hodgsom, 1996; Cox et al., 2000b, 2001b). the observed partition and diffusion coefficients for a
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