中级口译口试讲义
戏剧脸谱 theatrical mask
国画 traditional Chinese painting 中药 TCM
单口相声 monologue comic talk
对口相声 witty dialogue; comic cross talk 马戏 circus performance 传说 legend 神话 mythology 寓言 fable
二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms 四大发明：
火药 gunpowder
印刷术 movable type printing 造纸术 paper making 指南针 compass
四书：
大学 The Great Learning
中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean 论语 The Analects of Confucius 孟子 the Mencius
孙子兵法 The art of War 三国演义 Three Kingdoms
西游记 Journey to the West Monkey King 红楼梦 Dream of the Red Mansions Story of the Stone 水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh All men are brothers 诗经 The Book of Songs 书经 The Books of History
易经 I Ching The Book of Changes 礼记 The Book of Rites 孝经 Book of Filial Piety 三字经 three word chant 八股文 stereotyped writing
重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage
第四章 实考题分析
一、口语题目范文分析 Good Health
As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career. On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him. Therefore, health
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中级口译口试讲义
is indispensable to one’s happy life.
There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health. In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health. Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health. Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body. To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning. Personally, I like running in the morning. And I have benefited a lot of from it. My health condition is getting better and better. So I will persist in doing so in the future.
这篇口语表述中运用到的技巧： 1、引用谚语
2、使用常用短语和句型 3、作比较 4、使用关联词
5、用明确的词表明自己的观点 6、用自己举例子 7、常用的序数词
小贴士：口语阐述时最好能加上自己的亲身经历
二、口译实考练习
三、口译实考分析 英译汉 Passage 1:
In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century. //
从对我们社会所造成的影响这个角度来看，我认为艾滋病必定是我们进入下一世纪的头号健康大敌。
AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome
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中级口译口试讲义
Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help. //
在所有措施中，开展大规模的教育活动是目前唯一行之有效的办法。
Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible. I think their argument is groundless.//
有些人认为，在全国范围或全世界范围开展提防艾滋病的教育活动难度大，代价高，因而无法实施。我认为这种观点是毫无根据的。
We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.
我们应该使人们相信，了解实际情况总比蒙在鼓里好，因为了解实情后我们便可以行动起来，共同研讨这一问题，并可以用适当的药物来控制疾病的传染。 参考书录《中高级口译口试备考精要》
Passage 2:
People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. // 不同文化背景的人在一起有时会做出一些令对方感到不舒服的事，他们并非故意要这样做，有时甚至连自己也未察觉。
Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally. // 大多数美国人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜欢结识人，欢迎客人来访，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚会。
They tend to be informal and speak freely. So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel. They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. //
美国人往往不拘礼节，说话毫无拘束。所以要是你的美国主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你应该设法让他们知道你的感受。他们会喜欢你的诚实态度，尽量不再做你不喜欢的事。
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中级口译口试讲义
Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly. Perhaps it seems so. Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.
有时美国人的友善会被视为一种表面现象。或许看上去确实是这么一回事。同其他地方一样，与美国人结成真正的朋友是需要一段时间的。
补充：文化差异方面的口译练习
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone. The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.
在美国许多生意都是通过电话谈的。一般的生意人都花很多时间打电话，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S. businesses by telephone.
但是，中国公司和美国公司通过电话商讨初步协议通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations. The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.
与美国人谈判并无特别的样式。谈判的方式视业务不同而不同，取决于参与谈判的人员。
Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project. Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.
虽然美国人享有决策果断的声誉，但是，在公司着手进行主要或重大项目时，决策并非总是果断的。因此，你也要做好准备进行冗长的谈判。
四、口译实考分析 汉译英
Passage 1:
中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子。几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种最简单同时也是最有效的用餐工具。
No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.
关于筷子的用料，其种类各有不同，选材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金银等。
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中级口译口试讲义
Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.
对于西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去练，不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐。
For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning. But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.
如果想享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也很有趣。
If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.
Passage 2：
中国是一个多民族国家，具有经济发展不平衡的特点。在这块辽阔的土地上，人们使用多种语言和方言。
China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used. //
几十年来，政府一直号召推广普通话，作为标准汉语，但在相当多的人口中，普通话还未能成为日常使用的交流工具。
Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people. //
这显然阻碍了经济发展与社会进步。毫无疑问，推广和提倡使用普通话对加快中国改革开放的步伐是举足轻重的。
This obviously hinders economic development and social progress. Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive. //
这样做，将有助于提高汉语信息管理技术，因此，符合全体中国人民的根本利益。 It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese. Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.
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