? ［析］ care for 后接不定式时，要省略for,或换用名词，如：Would you care for a cup of tea. care for 作\照顾\讲时与look after相同。在初中阶段学习与for有关的词组有： ? ask for 请求 call for 接人，请人 care for 关心? go in for 从事 answer for 负责 look for 寻找 ?wait for 等待 send for 请人 pay for 付款? search for 寻找 leave for 去某地 prepare for 准备? thank somebody for something 为某事向某人道谢。 ? ［误］ Are you understanding it? Yes, I got to it. ? ［正］ Do you understand it? Yes, I got it.
? ［析］ understand这一词没有进行时态，如同感观动词love、hate… I got it 是美语，即I understood it。要记住get 作为\到达\讲时是不及物动词，如：I'll get to the school at 8 a. m.? 初中范围常用与to有关的动词词组如下：? belong to 属于 come to 苏醒 point to (at) 指着?get to 到达 refer to 谈到 stick to 坚持?lead to 导致 turn to 翻到 look forward to 期望?agree to 同意 ? ［误］ The meat has gone badly. ? ［正］ The meat has gone bad.
? ［析］ 英语中go, get, become, turn作为转变时，其后接形容词，这时这些动词应被看作系动词。 ? ［误］ The teacher said the earth moved around the sun. ? ［正］ The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.
? ［析］ 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，其宾语从句可以是任何时态。如果是过去时，则宾语从句中的时态应与之呼应。但地球围绕太阳转是不随时间而变化的客观事实，所以还应用一般现在时态来表达。 ? ［误］ I'll come to see you as soon as I'll be back. ? ［正］ I'll come to see you as soon as I am back.
? ［析］ 在状语从句中要用一般时来表示将来，如：I should tell him when he came back. ? ［误］ I want to know whether you come to my party tomorrow or not. ? ［正］ I want to know whether you will come to my party tomorrow or not.
? ［析］ 在宾语从句中则要用将来时表示将来的动作。要注意的是如果宾语从句中仍有状语从句时，依然要用一般现在时表示将来，如：I want to know if it rains tomorrow you'll come here or not. ? ［误］ What did you do at eight last night? ? ［正］ What were you doing at eight last night?
? ［析］ 在描述过去某一具体时刻的动作或从某时到某时一段时间内正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，如：I was washing clothes from eight till noon last Sunday?
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? ［误］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them, because I have seen it before.
? ［正］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them because I had seen it before.
? ［析］ 现在完成时与过去完成时的相同之处是其动作均开始于过去的某一点，它的差别在于该动作是截止到什么时候。如动作截止到现在用现在完成时；如动作截止到过去，用过去完成时。例如：I've learnt English for three years.(到现在为止)又如：Before I went to college, I had learnt English for three years. (动作截止到上大学那时，即截止于过去) ? ［误］ I'm feeling well now. ? ［正］ I feel well now.
? ［析］ 瞬间动词有些无进行时态，它们是：?表示思维状态的词：believe, feel, forget, imagine, know, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want? 表示感情的动词：care, like, do like, love, mind, hate, fear? 表示状态的词：belong, own? 感观动词： feel, hear, see， smell, taste ? ［误］ When have you done this work? ? ［正］ When did you do this work?
? ［析］ when提问的是一个时间点不可用于完成时态的问句中。
? ［误］ This is our new English teacher. He has gone to many foreign countries. ? ［正］ This is our new English teacher. He has been to many foreign countries.
? ［析］ have gone to 是到某地去了，此人现在不在这里。have been to 是到过某地，现在此人在说话现场。
? ［误］ I have borrowed this book for two weeks. ? ［正］ I have kept this book for two weeks.
? ［析］ 截止性动词有完成时态，但不可和与表达一段时间的时间状语连用。如：When I got to the cinema the film had begun.? 但要讲When I got to the cinema the film had be on for five minutes 这样的用法还有buy, join, die, 如：I bought this book yesterday.我昨天买的这本书。? I have had this book for two days. 这本书我已买了两天了。
? I joined the club two years ago.两年前我加入了这个俱乐部。
? I have been in this club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部已两年了。 ? My father died five years ago. 我父亲是5年前去世的。 ? My father has been dead for five years. 我父亲已去世5年了。 ? ［误］ Have you understood the lessons?
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? ［正］ Do you understand the lessons?
? ［析］ 有些动词不易用完成时态，它们是understand, think, believe, know (知道) ? ［误］ It was said that the Second World War had broken out in 1939. ? ［误］ It was said that the Second World War was broken out in 1939.
? ［析］ 在讲述过去的历史事件时，总要用过去时而不要用完成时，而且happen, break out, take place作为发生讲时均没有被动语态。
? ［误］ When I walked along the street. I happened to meet an old friend. ? ［正］ When I was walking along the street I happened to meet an old friend.
? ［析］ 在一个长动作发生或进行的过程中，某一突然事件发生，这时长动作应用进行时(现在进行时或过去进行时)，而突发性动作用一般时(一般现在时或一般过去时)，如：When my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings. ? ［误］ Please buy a book for me. ? ［正］ Please buy me a book. ? ［正］ Please buy a book to me.
? ［析］ 在接双宾语的动词后面的两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语，如：Buy me a book中me是间接宾语，而a book是直接宾语。如果将直接宾语前置，其后应加to，如： Tell me a story. Tell a story to me. Give me a book. Give a book to me. ? ［误］ He was seen come into the book store. ? ［正］ He was seen to come into the book store.
? ［析］ 在主动语态中，有时可以加不带to的不定式作宾语，如：I saw him come into the book store.但如果变为被动语态时，则要将省略的to还原。当然这些动词还可以加动名词作宾语，如： I saw him coming into the book store, 如变为被动语态时，则没有变化。如：He was seen coming into the book store.
? ［误］ How nice the book is! Is it sold well? ? ［正］ How nice the book is! Does it sell well?
? ［析］ 有些动词可以表示一种动作，但也可以用来表示某种性质，表示动作时可用被动语态，在表示性质时则不可用被动语态。如：
? This book sells well. 这本书畅销。 ? This car drives easily. 这车容易驾驶。 ? These clothes wash easily. 这些衣服好洗。 ? 在作上述表达时，不要用被动语态。而要讲：
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? This kind of book was sold out. (这种书卖完了)
? These clothes were washed by the washing machine. 这时要用被动语态，因为它描述的是具体动作。
? ［误］ Must I do it now?? No. you mustn't.
? ［正］ Must I do it now?? No, you needn't.
? ［析］ need用在疑问句和否定句中常用作情态动词，其后接不带to的不定式。由must提问的问句作答语时，如是肯定的要用must,否定的要用needn't，即为没有必要。在肯定句中常用作实意动词，如：I need to wait for my boy. ? ［误］ Is this book yours? ? Yes, It's.
? ［正］ Is this book yours?? Yes, It is.
? ［析］ 在肯定的回答中不要用缩写形式，而在否定的回答中可以用缩写形式，如：No. It isn't. ? ［误］ I'll have my bike repair tomorrow. ? ［正］ I'll have my bike repaired tomorrow.
? ［析］ have+人+动词原形或现在分词意为：让某人作某事，如：My father had me to learn how to drive， 或My father had me doing my homework from morning till might?? have+物+动词的过去分词为某件事被别人完成。如：I have my hair cut.我去理发。而不是自己理发。如果讲我想自己作某事，则用I want to repair my bike myself.
? ［误］ I'll get my brother repair the bike for you. ? ［正］ I'll get my brother to repair the bike for you.
? ［析］ have与get的用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。相同之处，如：have something done, 也可用get something done, 或have (get) somebody doing something但不同之处在于have somebody do something 在用get时则要用get somebody to do something。
? ［误］ I have to study on Saturday but I haven't to study a full day? ? ［正］ I have to study on Saturday， but I don't have to study a full day. ? ［析］ have to 不得不，而don't have to 为其否定式。
? ［误］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He mustn't be in the classroom, because I saw him talking with our teacher in the office just now.
? ［正］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He can't be in the classroom because I saw him talking
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with our teacher in the office just now.
? ［析］ must 加动词原形表达一种比较肯定的推测，而表示否定的推测则要用can't。 ? ［误］ My grandpa is over eighty but he is able to read without glasses. ? ［正］ My grandpa is over eighty， but he can read without glasses.
? ［析］ can (could) 多用于表达客观的事实，主观能力，而be able to 则多用于表达主观的意愿。 ? ［误］ She doesn't answer the doorbell.? She should be asleep. ? ［正］ She doesn't answer the doorbell. ? She must be asleep?
? ［析］ should 用于现在时态的句子中应译为\应该\，如：You should do your homework right away. 而 must加动词原形表示一种推测。 ? ［误］ Do you like to go with us? ? ［正］ Would you like to go with us?
? ［析］ Do you like…问的是习惯，如：Do you like swimming? 而would you like是一次性的邀请。 ? ［误］ I am used to get up early in the morning. ? ［正］ I am used to getting up early in the morning.
? ［析］ used to 共有三种用法，① 表示过去的习惯，如：I used to live with my parents. ?② 表示?过去的习惯延续到现在，如：I am used to swimming in the river. ③ 用于被动语态，如： ?Oil is? used to cook?
? ［误］ To play with the children are very interesting. ? ［正］ To play with the children is very interesting.
? ［析］ 不定式作主语时，应视为单数主语，特别是两个不定式用and作连词作主语时，如指的是一件事也应用单数谓语动词。如：To get up early and to go to sleep early is good for your health. ? ［误］ He asked me do my homework alone. ? ［正］ He asked me to do my homework alone.
? ［析］ 某些动词要求不定式作其宾语或宾语补足语，它们是：ask somebody to do something 要求某人做某事。 tell somebody to do something 告诉某人做某事 还有prepare 准备， decide 决定， happen to 碰巧， seem 似乎。
? ［误］ he told me to drive a car. ? ［正］ He told me how to drive a car.
? ［析］ 要学会疑问词加不定式的用法，特别要注意的是what是疑问代词，而how是疑问副词。如：I want to know what to do. (我想知道干什么)。 I want to know how to do it. (我想知道如何去作)。 要注意的是how to do it 中的it是不可少的，因how是疑问副词，不能作及物动词的宾语，而what是
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