摘 要
变电所是一个电源汇集、电力分配和电压升降的场所，直接影响着整个的电力系统经济和安全运行，成为联系用户与发电厂的中间重要环节，其作用是分配与变换电能吃。
本设计是根据所给任务书上系统和线路与所有负荷以110kV降压的变电所作为设计主体。在此分析原始资料来选择10kV、35kV、110kV变电所用电主接线类型，运用供配电技术设计方面的基本理论知识，由负荷计算来确定主变压器型号、台数和容量。进行短路计算，根据计算结果选择与校验变电所一次设备，除此外也是做好配电装置布置、防雷保护和接地装置的设计的依据。
关键词: 变电所电气主接线；短路电流计算；一次设备；防雷保护
ABSTRACT
Collection is a power substation, power distribution and voltage fluctuation, a direct impact on the entire economic and safe operation of power system, as users and power plants in the middle of the important link, its function is the electrical power distribution and transformation.
In this design is according to the given task system and wiring and all load in a 110 kv step-down substation as the main design. In the analysis of original data to select 10 kv, 35 kv, 110 kv substation main electrical wiring type, using the technical design of power supply and distribution aspects of the basic theory knowledge, the load calculation to determine the main transformer model, sets and capacity. Selection and check for short circuit calculation, according to the results of calculation a substation equipment, in addition is also ready for distribution equipment layout, the basis for the design of the lightning protection and grounding device.
KeyWords：substation electrical main wiring ；short-circuit current calculation ；
one-time equipment ；mine-protection
湖南科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）
目 录
目 录 .......................................................................................................... I 第一章 变电所概况 ..................................................................................... 1
1.1 概述 ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1 变电所的位置与作用 ..........................................................................................................1 1.1.1电源的基本情况 ...................................................................................................................1 1.1.3 用户的基本情况 ..................................................................................................................1 1.2 本变电所的设计原则 ..................................................................................................... 2
第二章 负荷计算与无功功率补偿 ............................................................... 3
2.1 负荷计算目的 ................................................................................................................ 3
2.1.1 负荷计算 ..............................................................................................................................3 2.1.2 35KV的负荷计算 .................................................................................................................4
2.2 变压器的选择 ................................................................................................................ 5
2.2.1 变压器台数 ..........................................................................................................................5 2.2.2 变压器容量的选择 ..............................................................................................................5 2.2.3 绕组数的选择 ......................................................................................................................6 2.2.4 主变调压方式的选择 ..........................................................................................................6 2.2.5 连接组别的选择 ..................................................................................................................6 2.2.6 容量比以及冷却方式的选择 ..............................................................................................6 2.2.7 变压器的型号 ......................................................................................................................7
2.3 无功功率的补偿 ............................................................................................................ 7
2.3.1无功功率补偿的目的 ...........................................................................................................7 2.3.2无功功率补偿的计算 ...........................................................................................................7
第三章 电气主接线设计 ................................................................................ 9
3.1 主接线设计依据 ............................................................................................................ 9 3.2 主接线接线方式 ............................................................................................................ 9
- i -
湖南科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）
3.3 电气主接线的选择 ...................................................................................................... 10
3.3.1 110kV电气主接线 .................................................................................................. 10 3.2.3 6.3kV电气主接线 .................................................................................................. 11
第四章 短路电流计算 .................................................................................. 12
4.3.4 当电源2取最大短路容量时的短路计算 ....................................................................... 18 4.3.5 当电源2取最小短路容量时的短路计算 ....................................................................... 20
4.4 短路电流计算结果表 .................................................................................................. 21
第五章 供电系统主要电气设备选择 ........................................................... 23
5.3 隔离开关的选择 ........................................................................................................ 30
5.3.1 110kv隔离开关选择 ...................................................................................................... 30 5.3.2 35kv侧隔离开关选择 .................................................................................................... 32 5.3.3 6.3kv侧隔离开关选择 .................................................................................................. 33
5.4 电流互感器的选择 .................................................................................................... 34
5.4.1 电流互感器的选择要求 ................................................................................................... 35 5.4.2 110kV电流互感器选择 .................................................................................................. 35 5.4.3 35kV侧电流互感器 ........................................................................................................ 36 5.4.4 6.3kV侧电流互感器 ...................................................................................................... 38
5.5 电压互感器的选择 .................................................................................................... 39
5.5.1 电压互感器的选择要求 ................................................................................................... 39 5.5.2 电压互感器选择 ............................................................................................................... 40
5.6 母线系统的选择 ........................................................................................................ 41
5.6.1 硬母线的选择 ................................................................................................................... 41 5.6.2 母线的选择计算 ............................................................................................................... 41
5.6.3 引接线的选择计算 ............................................................................................... 43
第六章 继电保护的设计 ............................................................................ 46
6.1 110kV侧保护配置 ..................................................................................................... 46 6.2 35-6.3kv侧保护配置 ............................................................................................... 46
- ii -
湖南科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）
6.3 变压器保护的配置 ...................................................................................................... 46 6.4 母线保护 ...................................................................................................................... 47 6.5 断路器失灵保护 .......................................................................................................... 47
第七章 防雷与接地保护 .............................................................................. 48
7.1 变电所的防直雷保护 .................................................................................................. 48 7.2 雷电侵入波保护 .......................................................................................................... 49 7.3 接地装置的设计 .......................................................................................................... 49
结束语 .......................................................................................................... 50 参 考 文 献 ................................................................................................. 51 致谢 .............................................................................................................. 52
- iii -