摘 要
天然气调压计量站是天然气输配工程的重要组成部分。其主要任务是调节输气管线的压力、计量气体流量以及脱除天然气中含有的液滴和机械杂质等，在天然气的输送与分配过程中占有重要地位。
本文是天然气长输管线中间调压计量站的工艺设计，该站集调压、计量、清管和气体分离功能于一体，是典型的中间调压计量站。长输管线来气在该站经分离后，一部分经调压计量输送至用户；另一部分经计量后进入干线。按照调压计量站应简洁准确、安全可靠、经济高效的设计思路，对该站场主要工艺进行了设计。设计中充分考虑了基本工艺参数和工艺要求，依据相关规范标准，确定了主要设备的设计、选型、安装的原则和方法。在此基础上，对主要设备进行了工艺计算和选型，并绘制了站场的工艺流程图、平面布置图和平面安装图。
设计结合了具体工程要求，采用成熟的设计方法和工艺流程，严格遵循最新规范标准及国家有关政策法令，最终完成了一套完整的调压计量站设计方案。
关键词：天然气；调压站；计量；设计；工艺流程
Abstract
Natural gas regulating metering station is an important component of the project of gas transmission and distribution .Its major task is to regulate the pressure on gas pipeline, gas flow measurement and removal of the droplets and machinery impurities containing in natural gas .it occupies an important position in the natural gas transmission and distribution process.
This article is about the process design of regulating metering station at the middle of the long-distance pipeline, the station setting the functions of pressure regulation, flow measurement, and gas purification in one is a typical middle regulating metering station. Part of the gas from long-distance pipeline separated at the station, after pressure regulation and flow measurement is delivered to the users; another part of the gas through flow measurement directly flow into the Gas Transmission Line. The mainly technological design of the station is in accordance with the design philosophy of regulating metering station should be simple accurate, secure, reliable, cost-effective. The design takes full account of the basic technical parameters and technological requirements and based on relevant standards to determine the principles and methods of the major equipments’ design, selection and installation. On this basis, the major equipment were calculated and selected, and a engineering flow diagram, site plan and Planar installed Fig of the station has been drawn.
The design has combined the specific engineering requirements, used proven technique and technological process, strictly follow the latest standards and the relevant state policies. Finally, a entire station design proposal has been finished. Keywords: natural gas; regulating metering station; flow measurement; design
目 录
1 绪论 .................................................................................................................1
1.1 设计目的和意义 ....................................................................................1 1.2 目前国内技术概况 .................................................................................1 1.3 设计依据 ................................................................................................2
1.3.1 原始资料 ......................................................................................2 1.3.2 编制原则 ......................................................................................2 1.3.3 遵循的标准规范 ...........................................................................2 1.3.4 基本物理化学参数 .......................................................................3 1.3.5 设计内容 ......................................................................................3 1.4 可行性分析 ............................................................................................3 2 设计说明书 ......................................................................................................4
2.1 调压计量站的总体规划 .........................................................................4
2.1.1 调压计量站站址的选择 ...............................................................4 2.1.2 调压计量站设计路线选择 ...........................................................4 2.1.3 调压计量站工艺流程 ...................................................................5 2.1.4 清管工艺流程 ...............................................................................6 2.1.5 调压计量站消防设计 ...................................................................8 2.2 主要工艺设备的设计和安装 .................................................................9
2.2.1 管线设计与安装 ...........................................................................9 2.2.2 焊接和法兰连接 ......................................................................... 11 2.2.3 汇管的设计和安装 ..................................................................... 12 2.2.4 阀门 ............................................................................................ 12 2.2.5 安全阀 ........................................................................................ 14 2.2.6 调压器 ........................................................................................ 15 2.2.7 流量计 ........................................................................................ 16 2.2.8 压力温度测量仪表 ..................................................................... 18 2.3 吹扫与试压 .......................................................................................... 19
2.3.1 吹扫 ............................................................................................ 19 2.3.2 试压 ............................................................................................ 19 2.4 防腐 ...................................................................................................... 19
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2.5 环保 ...................................................................................................... 19 3. 计算说明书 ................................................................................................... 21
3.1 设计参数 .............................................................................................. 21
3.1.1 已知参数的单位换算 ................................................................. 21 3.1.2 天然气基本参数的计算 ............................................................. 21 3.2 管道设计 .............................................................................................. 24
3.2.1 管道计算 .................................................................................... 24 3.2.2 管道选择 .................................................................................... 26 3.3 安全阀 .................................................................................................. 26
3.3.1 安全阀的计算 ............................................................................. 26 3.3.2 安全阀选型 ................................................................................ 27 3.4 汇管 ...................................................................................................... 27
3.4.1 管径计算公式 ............................................................................. 27 3.4.2 壁厚计算公式 ............................................................................. 28 3.4.3 汇管椭圆封头计算 ..................................................................... 29 3.5 分离器 .................................................................................................. 30
3.5.1 分离器的计算 ............................................................................. 30 3.5.2 分离器进出口管径和壁厚计算 .................................................. 32 3.6 调压器 .................................................................................................. 34
3.6.1 调节阀通过能力的计算 ............................................................. 34 3.6.2 调节阀的选型 ............................................................................. 35 3.7 流量计 .................................................................................................. 35
3.7.1 天然气在标准参比条件下的体积流量计算实用公式 ............... 35 3.7.2 流量计算中主要参数的确定 ...................................................... 36 3.8 阀门 ...................................................................................................... 39
3.8.1 球阀 ............................................................................................ 39 3.8.2 闸阀 ............................................................................................ 40 3.9 压力及温度测量仪表 ........................................................................... 40
3.9.1 温度测量仪表 ............................................................................. 40 3.9.2 压力测量仪表 ............................................................................. 41
结 论 ............................................................................................................... 42
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致 谢 ............................................................................................................... 43 参考文献 ........................................................................................................... 44 附录部分 ........................................................................................................... 46
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